SPEAKING VERSUS WRITING

SPEECH The worst part about it was I had a friend Sitting up here and shes saying ha ha And I was saying Go get the police go Get someoneI later learned that there are Some people who do that in the face of disasterI mean they just start cracking up as opposed to crying. WRITING My helpful friend, perhaps not realizing that I was serious, began laughing. Sue roared all the harder as my situation became more difficult. She claimed I looked funny, clinging there screaming. I realized that she was laughing Because she was incapable of acting: the situation must have been greatly disturbing to her, and so she treated it as if it were another situation.

DIFFERENCES

There are many differences between the processes of speaking and writing. Writing is not simply speech written down on paper. Learning to write is not a natural extension of learning to speak. Unlike speech, writing requires systematic instruction and practice. Here are some of the differences between speaking and writing that may clarify things for you and help you in your efforts as a writer and speaker. SPEECH Universal, everybody acquires it WRITING Not everyone learns to read and write

Written language is more restricted and Spoken language has dialect variations that generally follows a standardised form of represent a region grammar, structure, organization, and vocabulary Speakers use their voices (pitch, rhythm, stress) and their bodies to communicate their message Speakers use pauses and intonation Speakers pronounce Speaking is often spontaneous and unplanned. Writers rely on the words on the page to express meaning and their ideas Writers use punctuation Writers spell Most writing is planned and can be changed through editing and revision before an audience reads it

Speakers have immediate audiences who nod, interrupt, question and comment

Writers have a delayed response from audiences or none at all and have only one opportunity to convey their message, be interesting, informative, accurate and hold their readers attention

Speech is usually informal and repetitive

Writing on the other hand is more formal and compact. It progresses more logically With fewer explanations and digressions. Writers use more complex sentences With connecting words like however, Who, although, and in addition.

Speakers use simpler sentences connected by lots of ands and buts.

Speakers draw on their listeners reactions to Writers are often solitary in their process know how or whether to continue Speakers can gauge the attitudes, beliefs, and feelings of their audience by their verbal and non-verbal reactions Consider the fact that................ Virtually nobody speaks Standard Written English. This is the dialect of English that is appropriate for professional, business, and academic writing. For example, no one always speaks in complete sentences or pronounces the final letter of every word. However, many people learn to translate their spoken dialect into Standard Written English when they write. Both spoken and written dialects are linked to the social background, age, race, and gender of the writer, speaker and audience. Depending upon whom we are addressing, and what we are discussing, we can switch between formal and informal ways of communicating. http://www2.wmin.ac.uk/eic/learning-skills/literacy/sp_vs_writ_dif.shtml Writers must consider what and how much their audience needs to know about a given topic