From Shelter to New Safe Confinement

A. Gora Deputy General Director for Personnel Management SSE Chernobyl NPP, Ukraine

Commissioning

Turbine Hall Sight on turbogenerators TG-1,2

DevelopmentofestablishedChNPPcapacities:
September26,1977 December21,1978 December3, 1981 December21,1983
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Unit1 wascommissioned Unit2 wascommissioned Unit3 wascommissioned Unit4 wascommissioned

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Accident of April 26, 1986

Accident at Chernobyl NPP Unit 4 occurred on April, 26, 1986 at 01:23:40 a.m. (Moscow time)

It was possible to stop active release of radioactive substances from destroyed reactor only in the end of May, 1986

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Accident of April 26, 1986

The rate of gamma-radiation dose was up to 2,000 R/h (20 Sv/h) and mainly was determined by radiation from reactor breakdown itself, inside of which measurable values of dose rate amounted to 50,000 R/h (500 Sv/h).

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Creation of Shelter Object

Designing of protective sarcophagus (Shelter) commenced on May 20, 1986; Construction lasted 206 days and nights from June to November 1986.

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New Safe Confinement Creation (NSC) In 2012 it is planned to start production of steel constructions of NSC Arch.

Milestones for NSC creation:

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Foundations construction completion May, 2013. Main Arch construction assembly November, 2014. NSC Commissioning October, 2015.
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ChNPP Units shutdown

Chernobyl NPP Unit 3 was finally shutdown on December 15, 2000 at 13:17 according to the Decree of the President of Ukraine. Plant stopped power generation.
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ChNPP Units shutdown

Before the accident Chernobyl NPP generated 150.2 billion kW/h . After the accident 158.6 billion kW/h. In total it was generated 308.8 billion kW/h.

Shelter Object

Unit 3

Unit 2

Unit 1

19831986

19812000

19781991

19771996

Chernobyl NPP site from satellite

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STRESS-TEST
In 2011 the Chernobyl NPP, the first among Ukrainian NPPs, performed the targeted unscheduled safety assessment of ChNPP nuclear facilities by its own forces taking into consideration the events at Fukushima 1 NPP (stress-test). The full-scale emergency trainings including personnel actions in case of accident and examination of the capabilities of emergency response units were conducted. Safety Improvement Plan for ChNPP facilities was developed: control, collection and return system for ISF-1 leakages was created; conditions enabling to connect a mobile diesel generator for ISF-1 consumers were created, tests were carried out; it is planned to conduct psychological training of personnel aimed at increasing resistance to psychological stress, development of endurance, self-control, mutual supportiveness and interaction; system of psychological selection and training of persons involved in managing the accidents with severe consequences is being developed (similar to system of operational personnel selection).
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Spent Nuclear Fuel Management (SNF)

At the moment reactors of Units 1, 2 and 3 are completely released from nuclear fuel. Fuel is only in cooling pools of Units 1 and 2. To reduce risks during New Safe Confinement construction, spent nuclear fuel was transferred from cooling pools of Unit 3 to Interim Spent Fuel Storage Facility (ISF-1). In order to improve nuclear safety, it was proposed to transport SNF from Units 1 and 2 to ISF-1 for storage. In November 2011, the State Nuclear Regulatory Inspectorate of Ukraine agreed the Decision to place all conditioned SNF from Units 1, 2 and 3 to ISF-1. Works on spent nuclear fuel transportation from cooling pools of Units 1 and 2 to ISF-1 were commenced.

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The Final State of Decommissioning NPP can be changed

ChNPP is located at the territory of Exclusion Zone contaminated with radioactive substances as a result of accident in 1986. Thats why decommissioning of Chernobyl NPP up to the "green field" status is unreasonable.
A brown spot is a condition of ChNPP industrial site when its territory and buildings can be restricted released from the regulating control. Reuse of ChNPP site as National operator of NPP units decommissioning, SNF and RAW management is the most desirable final state: a fast and cheap way to reach decommissioning objectives using financial and technical resources and qualified staff of ChNPP more effectively; solving problems of nuclear industry.
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"Green field" status

"Brown spot" status

Developed industrial site

SSE ChNPP Emergency Preparedness System System

The Main Tasks of ChNPP Emergency Preparedness and Response System

Assurance of preparedness to eliminate accidents and emergencies at SSE Chernobyl NPP facilities; Response to accidents and emergencies at the SSE Chernobyl NPP facilities; Implementation of measures on protecting the NPP personnel and environment.

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SSE ChNPP Emergency Preparedness System System

Emergency organizational structures of SSE Chernobyl NPP includes: Emergency Manager at industrial sites of SSE Chernobyl NPP facilities (EMS); Coordination and Management Body EMS Staff Office or SSE Chernobyl NPP Commission on the Issues of Emergencies (as a synonym); Standing Management Body Emergency Preparedness and Response Department (EP&RD); SSE Chernobyl NPP emergency teams and units: Radiation control unit; Dosimetric survey unit; Physical protection assurance unit; Personnel sanitary treatment unit; Transport unit, etc.; Teams for elimination of equipment failures.

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SSE ChNPP Emergency Units

The Main Tasks of NPP Emergency Units are: Actions on preventing beyond-design-basis accidents and eliminating their consequences; Measures on personnel protection; Recommendations on population protection. A General Director is an Emergency Manager at the ChNPP industrial site.

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SSE ChNPP Emergency Units

The Main Functions of EMS: Primary and subsequent classification of an accident; Notification of personnel and external organizations; Initiation of Emergency Plan; Management of actions on accident containment and elimination; Coordination of actions of external organizations involved into emergency and rescue operations; Provision of information to a Ministry of Emergencies management, regulatory body, authorities and mass media; Decision-making on Emergency Plans ending. The SSE ChNPP personnel is contained in protective shelters having -radiation dose rate 0,5 mSv/h. The SSE ChNPP personnel is evacuated having -radiation dose rate 1 mSv/h.
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Thank you for attention!

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