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the user to re-enter the information. Use the type attribute to specify a hidden field.
HTML Code:
<input type="hidden" />
Hidden Fields:
There is no display of your hidden field in the box because the browser is told to hide them from view. Our field above is incomplete and pretty much useless as it is. Adding a name and a value attribute will change this.
HTML Code:
<input type="hidden" id="age" name="age" value="23" /> <input type="hidden" id="DOB" name="DOB" value="01/01/70" /> <input type="hidden" id="admin" name="admin" value="1" />
Above we have demonstrated 3 possible hidden fields that you may want to pass along some form at some point, especially if you have any kind of user base where returning users must log in. The admin field could be used to check some sort of user level entry of a returning user; 1 being administrator and 0 being non-administrator access. Use hidden fields when you have variables you want to pass from one form to another without forcing the user to re-type information over and over again.
HTML Headings
HTML headings are defined with the <h1> to <h6> tags.
Example
<h1>This is a heading</h1> <h2>This is a heading</h2> <h3>This is a heading</h3>
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HTML Paragraphs
HTML paragraphs are defined with the <p> tag.
Example
<p>This is a paragraph.</p> <p>This is another paragraph.</p>
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HTML Links
HTML links are defined with the <a> tag.
Example
<a href="http://www.w3schools.com">This is a link</a>
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Note: The link address is specified in the href attribute. (You will learn about attributes in a later chapter of this tutorial).
HTML Images
HTML images are defined with the <img> tag.
Example
<img src="w3schools.jpg" width="104" height="142" />
HTML Elements
An HTML element is everything from the start tag to the end tag:
End tag *
* The start tag is often called the opening tag. The end tag is often called the closing tag.
Tip: You will learn about attributes in the next chapter of this tutorial.
Never rely on this. Many HTML elements will produce unexpected results and/or errors if you forget the end tag .
HTML Attributes
HTML elements can have attributes Attributes provide additional information about an element Attributes are always specified in the start tag Attributes come in name/value pairs like: name="value"
Attribute Example
HTML links are defined with the <a> tag. The link address is specified in the href attribute:
Example
<a href="http://www.w3schools.com">This is a link</a>
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HTML Headings
Headings are defined with the <h1> to <h6> tags. <h1> defines the most important heading. <h6> defines the least important heading.
Example
Note: Browsers automatically add some empty space (a margin) before and after each heading.
HTML Lines
The <hr /> tag creates a horizontal line in an HTML page. The hr element can be used to separate content:
Example
<p>This is a paragraph</p> <hr /> <p>This is a paragraph</p> <hr /> <p>This is a paragraph</p>
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HTML Comments
Comments can be inserted into the HTML code to make it more readable and understandable. Comments are ignored by the browser and are not displayed. Comments are written like this:
Example
<!-- This is a comment -->
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Note: There is an exclamation point after the opening bracket, but not before the closing bracket.
HTML Paragraphs
Paragraphs are defined with the <p> tag.
Example
<p>This is a paragraph</p> <p>This is another paragraph</p>
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Note: Browsers automatically add an empty line before and after a paragraph.
Example
<p>This is a paragraph <p>This is another paragraph
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The example above will work in most browsers, but don't rely on it. Forgetting the end tag can produce unexpected results or errors. Note: Future version of HTML will not allow you to skip end tags.
Example
<p>This is<br />a para<br />graph with line breaks</p>
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The <br /> element is an empty HTML element. It has no end tag.
You cannot be sure how HTML will be displayed. Large or small screens, and resized windows will create different results. With HTML, you cannot change the output by adding extra spaces or extra lines in your HTML code. The browser will remove extra spaces and extra lines when the page is displayed. Any number of lines count as one line, and any number of spaces count as one space.
superscript
In HTML 4, style sheets (CSS) should be used to define the layout and display properties for many HTML elements. The example below shows how the HTML could look by using the <font> tag:
Example
<p> <font size="5" face="arial" color="red"> This paragraph is in Arial, size 5, and in red text color. </font> </p> <p> <font size="3" face="verdana" color="blue"> This paragraph is in Arial, size 5, and in red text color. </font> </p>
in separate style sheet files (CSS files) in the style element in the HTML head section
Example
<html> <body style="background-color:yellow;"> <h2 style="background-color:red;">This is a heading</h2> <p style="background-color:green;">This is a paragraph.</p> </body> </html>
Example
<html> <body> <h1 style="font-family:verdana;">A heading</h1>
The font-family, color, and font-size properties make the old <font> tag obsolete.
Example
<html> <body> <h1 style="text-align:center;">Center-aligned heading</h1> <p>This is a paragraph.</p> </body> </html>
color
Example
<a href="http://www.w3schools.com/">Visit W3Schools</a>
which will display like this: Visit W3Schools Clicking on this hyperlink will send the user to W3Schools' homepage. Tip: The "Link text" doesn't have to be text. You can link from an image or any other HTML element.
Example
<a href="http://www.w3schools.com/" target="_blank">Visit W3Schools!</a>
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Example
A named anchor inside an HTML document:
Tip: Named anchors are often used to create "table of contents" at the beginning of a large document. Each chapter within the document is given a named anchor, and links to each of these anchors are put at the top of the document. Tip: If a browser does not find the named anchor specified, it goes to the top of the document. No error occurs.
HTML Tables
Tables are defined with the <table> tag. A table is divided into rows (with the <tr> tag), and each row is divided into data cells (with the <td> tag). td stands for "table data," and holds the content of a data cell. A <td> tag can contain text, links, images, lists, forms, other tables, etc.
Table Example
<table border="1"> <tr> <td>row 1, cell 1</td> <td>row 1, cell 2</td> </tr> <tr> <td>row 2, cell 1</td>
<table border="1"> <tr> <td>Row 1, cell 1</td> <td>Row 1, cell 2</td> </tr> </table>
<table border="1"> <tr> <th>Header 1</th> <th>Header 2</th> </tr> <tr> <td>row 1, cell 1</td> <td>row 1, cell 2</td> </tr> <tr> <td>row 2, cell 1</td> <td>row 2, cell 2</td> </tr> </table>
How the HTML code above looks in your browser:
Header 1
Header 2
HTML Lists
An ordered list:
1. The first list item 2. The second list item 3. The third list item
An unordered list:
Coffee Milk
<dl> <dt>Coffee</dt> <dd>- black hot drink</dd> <dt>Milk</dt> <dd>- white cold drink</dd> </dl>
How the HTML code above looks in a browser: Coffee - black hot drink Milk - white cold drink
Description Defines an ordered list Defines an unordered list Defines a list item Defines a definition list Defines an item in a definition list Defines a description of an item in a definition list
HTML Forms
HTML forms are used to pass data to a server. A form can contain input elements like text fields, checkboxes, radio-buttons, submit buttons and more. A form can also contain select lists, textarea, fieldset, legend, and label elements. The <form> tag is used to create an HTML form:
Text Fields
<input type="text" /> defines a one-line input field that a user can enter text into:
First name: Last name: Note: The form itself is not visible. Also note that the default width of a text field is 20 characters.
Password Field
<input type="password" /> defines a password field:
Password: Note: The characters in a password field are masked (shown as asterisks or circles).
Radio Buttons
<input type="radio" /> defines a radio button. Radio buttons let a user select ONLY ONE one of a limited number of choices:
<form> <input type="radio" name="sex" value="male" /> Male<br /> <input type="radio" name="sex" value="female" /> Female </form>
How the HTML code above looks in a browser:
Male Female
Checkboxes
<input type="checkbox" /> defines a checkbox. Checkboxes let a user select ONE or MORE options of a limited number of choices.
<form> <input type="checkbox" name="vehicle" value="Bike" /> I have a bike<br /> <input type="checkbox" name="vehicle" value="Car" /> I have a car </form>
How the HTML code above looks in a browser:
Submit Button
<input type="submit" /> defines a submit button. A submit button is used to send form data to a server. The data is sent to the page specified in the form's action attribute. The file defined in the action attribute usually does something with the received input:
<form name="input" action="html_form_action.asp" method="get"> Username: <input type="text" name="user" /> <input type="submit" value="Submit" /> </form>
How the HTML code above looks in a browser:
Submit
Username:
If you type some characters in the text field above, and click the "Submit" button, the browser will send your input to a page called "html_form_action.asp". The page will show you the received input.
Defines a border around elements in a form Defines a caption for a fieldset element Defines a select list (drop-down list) Defines a group of related options in a select list Defines an option in a select list Defines a push button
With frames, several Web pages can be displayed in the same browser window. ATTENTION. Do not expect frames to be supported in future versions of HTML.
HTML Frames
With frames, you can display more than one HTML document in the same browser window. Each HTML document is called a frame, and each frame is independent of the others. The disadvantages of using frames are:
Frames are not expected to be supported in future versions of HTML Frames are difficult to use. (Printing the entire page is difficult). The web developer must keep track of more HTML documents
<iframe src="URL"></iframe>
The URL points to the location of the separate page.
The attribute values are specified in pixels by default, but they can also be in percent (like "80%").
Example
<iframe src="demo_iframe.htm" width="200" height="200"></iframe>
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Example
<iframe src="demo_iframe.htm" frameborder="0"></iframe>
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Example
<iframe src="demo_iframe.htm" name="iframe_a"></iframe> <p><a href="http://www.w3schools.com" target="iframe_a">W3Schools.com</a></p>
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HTML Colors
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Color Values
HTML colors are defined using a hexadecimal notation (HEX) for the combination of Red, Green, and Blue color values (RGB). The lowest value that can be given to one of the light sources is 0 (in HEX: 00). The highest value is 255 (in HEX: FF). HEX values are specified as 3 pairs of two-digit numbers, starting with a # sign.
Color Values
Color Color HEX #000000 #FF0000 #00FF00 #0000FF #FFFF00 #00FFFF #FF00FF #C0C0C0 #FFFFFF Color RGB rgb(0,0,0) rgb(255,0,0) rgb(0,255,0) rgb(0,0,255) rgb(255,255,0) rgb(0,255,255) rgb(255,0,255) rgb(192,192,192) rgb(255,255,255)
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#880000 #900000 #980000 #A00000 #A80000 #B00000 #B80000 #C00000 #C80000 #D00000 #D80000 #E00000 #E80000 #F00000 #F80000 #FF0000
rgb(136,0,0) rgb(144,0,0) rgb(152,0,0) rgb(160,0,0) rgb(168,0,0) rgb(176,0,0) rgb(184,0,0) rgb(192,0,0) rgb(200,0,0) rgb(208,0,0) rgb(216,0,0) rgb(224,0,0) rgb(232,0,0) rgb(240,0,0) rgb(248,0,0) rgb(255,0,0)
Shades of Gray
Gray colors are created by using an equal amount of power to all of the light sources. To make it easier for you to select the correct shade, we have created a table of gray shades for you: Gray Shades Color HEX #000000 Color RGB rgb(0,0,0)
#080808 #101010 #181818 #202020 #282828 #303030 #383838 #404040 #484848 #505050 #585858 #606060 #686868 #707070 #787878 #808080 #888888 #909090 #989898 #A0A0A0 #A8A8A8 #B0B0B0 #B8B8B8
rgb(8,8,8) rgb(16,16,16) rgb(24,24,24) rgb(32,32,32) rgb(40,40,40) rgb(48,48,48) rgb(56,56,56) rgb(64,64,64) rgb(72,72,72) rgb(80,80,80) rgb(88,88,88) rgb(96,96,96) rgb(104,104,104) rgb(112,112,112) rgb(120,120,120) rgb(128,128,128) rgb(136,136,136) rgb(144,144,144) rgb(152,152,152) rgb(160,160,160) rgb(168,168,168) rgb(176,176,176) rgb(184,184,184)
333300 336600 339900 33CC00 33FF00 660000 663300 666600 669900 66CC00 66FF00 990000 993300 996600 999900 99CC00 99FF00 CC0000 CC3300 CC6600 CC9900 CCCC00 CCFF00
333333 336633 339933 33CC33 33FF33 660033 663333 666633 669933 66CC33 66FF33 990033 993333 996633 999933 99CC33 99FF33 CC0033 CC3333 CC6633 CC9933 CCCC33 CCFF33
333366 336666 339966 33CC66 33FF66 660066 663366 666666 669966 66CC66 66FF66 990066 993366 996666 999966 99CC66 99FF66 CC0066 CC3366 CC6666 CC9966 CCCC66 CCFF66
333399 336699 339999 33CC99 33FF99 660099 663399 666699 669999 66CC99 66FF99 990099 993399 996699 999999 99CC99 99FF99 CC0099 CC3399 CC6699 CC9999 CCCC99 CCFF99
3333CC 3366CC 3399CC 33CCCC 33FFCC 6600CC 6633CC 6666CC 6699CC 66CCCC 66FFCC 9900CC 9933CC 9966CC 9999CC 99CCCC 99FFCC CC00CC CC33CC CC66CC CC99CC CCCCCC CCFFCC
3333FF 3366FF 3399FF 33CCFF 33FFFF 6600FF 6633FF 6666FF 6699FF 66CCFF 66FFFF 9900FF 9933FF 9966FF 9999FF 99CCFF 99FFFF CC00FF CC33FF CC66FF CC99FF CCCCFF CCFFFF
DarkSlateGray DarkSlateGrey LimeGreen MediumSeaGreen Turquoise RoyalBlue SteelBlue DarkSlateBlue MediumTurquoise Indigo DarkOliveGreen CadetBlue CornflowerBlue MediumAquaMarine DimGray DimGrey SlateBlue OliveDrab SlateGray SlateGrey LightSlateGray LightSlateGrey MediumSlateBlue LawnGreen Chartreuse Aquamarine Maroon Purple Olive Gray Grey SkyBlue LightSkyBlue BlueViolet DarkRed DarkMagenta SaddleBrown DarkSeaGreen LightGreen
#2F4F4F #2F4F4F #32CD32 #3CB371 #40E0D0 #4169E1 #4682B4 #483D8B #48D1CC #4B0082 #556B2F #5F9EA0 #6495ED #66CDAA #696969 #696969 #6A5ACD #6B8E23 #708090 #708090 #778899 #778899 #7B68EE #7CFC00 #7FFF00 #7FFFD4 #800000 #800080 #808000 #808080 #808080 #87CEEB #87CEFA #8A2BE2 #8B0000 #8B008B #8B4513 #8FBC8F #90EE90
Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades
Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix
MediumPurple DarkViolet PaleGreen DarkOrchid YellowGreen Sienna Brown DarkGray DarkGrey LightBlue GreenYellow PaleTurquoise LightSteelBlue PowderBlue FireBrick DarkGoldenRod MediumOrchid RosyBrown DarkKhaki Silver MediumVioletRed IndianRed Peru Chocolate Tan LightGray LightGrey PaleVioletRed Thistle Orchid GoldenRod Crimson Gainsboro Plum BurlyWood LightCyan Lavender DarkSalmon Violet
#9370D8 #9400D3 #98FB98 #9932CC #9ACD32 #A0522D #A52A2A #A9A9A9 #A9A9A9 #ADD8E6 #ADFF2F #AFEEEE #B0C4DE #B0E0E6 #B22222 #B8860B #BA55D3 #BC8F8F #BDB76B #C0C0C0 #C71585 #CD5C5C #CD853F #D2691E #D2B48C #D3D3D3 #D3D3D3 #D87093 #D8BFD8 #DA70D6 #DAA520 #DC143C #DCDCDC #DDA0DD #DEB887 #E0FFFF #E6E6FA #E9967A #EE82EE
Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades
Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix
PaleGoldenRod LightCoral Khaki AliceBlue HoneyDew Azure SandyBrown Wheat Beige WhiteSmoke MintCream GhostWhite Salmon AntiqueWhite Linen LightGoldenRodYellow OldLace Red Fuchsia Magenta DeepPink OrangeRed Tomato HotPink Coral Darkorange LightSalmon Orange LightPink Pink Gold PeachPuff NavajoWhite Moccasin Bisque MistyRose BlanchedAlmond PapayaWhip LavenderBlush
#EEE8AA #F08080 #F0E68C #F0F8FF #F0FFF0 #F0FFFF #F4A460 #F5DEB3 #F5F5DC #F5F5F5 #F5FFFA #F8F8FF #FA8072 #FAEBD7 #FAF0E6 #FAFAD2 #FDF5E6 #FF0000 #FF00FF #FF00FF #FF1493 #FF4500 #FF6347 #FF69B4 #FF7F50 #FF8C00 #FFA07A #FFA500 #FFB6C1 #FFC0CB #FFD700 #FFDAB9 #FFDEAD #FFE4B5 #FFE4C4 #FFE4E1 #FFEBCD #FFEFD5 #FFF0F5
Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades
Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix
Heading Elements
<h1>Largest Heading</h1> <h2> <h3> <h4> <h5> . . . . . . . . . . . . </h2> </h3> </h4> </h5>
<h6>Smallest Heading</h6>
Text Elements
<p>This is a paragraph</p> <br /> (line break) <hr /> (horizontal rule) <pre>This text is preformatted</pre>
Logical Styles
<em>This text is emphasized</em> <strong>This text is strong</strong> <code>This is some computer code</code>
Physical Styles
<b>This text is bold</b> <i>This text is italic</i>
Links
Ordinary link: <a href="http://www.example.com/">Link-text goes here</a> Image-link: <a href="http://www.example.com/"><img src="URL" alt="Alternate Text" /></a> Mailto link: <a href="mailto:webmaster@example.com">Send e-mail</a> A named anchor: <a name="tips">Tips Section</a> <a href="#tips">Jump to the Tips Section</a>
Unordered list
<ul> <li>Item</li> <li>Item</li> </ul>
Ordered list
<ol> <li>First item</li> <li>Second item</li> </ol>
Definition list
<dl> <dt>First term</dt> <dd>Definition</dd> <dt>Next term</dt> <dd>Definition</dd> </dl>
Tables
<table border="1"> <tr> <th>Tableheader</th> <th>Tableheader</th> </tr> <tr> <td>sometext</td> <td>sometext</td> </tr> </table>
Frames
Forms
<form action="http://www.example.com/test.asp" method="post/get"> <input <input <input <input <input <input <input type="text" name="email" size="40" maxlength="50" /> type="password" /> type="checkbox" checked="checked" /> type="radio" checked="checked" /> type="submit" value="Send" /> type="reset" /> type="hidden" />
<select> <option>Apples</option> <option selected="selected">Bananas</option> <option>Cherries</option> </select> <textarea name="comment" rows="60" cols="20"></textarea> </form>
Entities
< is the same as < > is the same as > © is the same as
Other Elements
<!-- This is a comment --> <blockquote> Text quoted from a source. </blockquote> <address> Written by W3Schools.com<br /> <a href="mailto:us@example.org">Email us</a><br /> Address: Box 564, Disneyland<br /> Phone: +12 34 56 78 </address> Source : http://www.w3schools.com/html/html_quick.asp
Web page layout is very important to make your website look good.
Website Layouts
Most websites have put their content in multiple columns (formatted like a magazine or newspaper). Multiple columns is created by using <table> or <div> tags. Some CSS are normally also added to position elements, or to create backgrounds or colorful look for the pages.
Example
<html> <body> <table width="500" border="0"> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="background-color:#FFA500;"> <h1>Main Title of Web Page</h1> </td> </tr> <tr valign="top"> <td style="background-color:#FFD700;width:100px;text-align:top;"> <b>Menu</b><br /> HTML<br /> CSS<br /> JavaScript </td> <td style="background-color:#EEEEEE;height:200px;width:400px;textalign:top;"> Content goes here</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="background-color:#FFA500;text-align:center;"> Copyright 2011 W3Schools.com</td> </tr>
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Note: Even though it is possible to create nice layouts with HTML tables, tables were designed for presenting tabular data - NOT as a layout tool!
Example
<html> <body> <div id="container" style="width:500px">
<div id="header" style="background-color:#FFA500;"> <h1 style="margin-bottom:0;">Main Title of Web Page</h1></div> <div id="menu" style="backgroundcolor:#FFD700;height:200px;width:100px;float:left;"> <b>Menu</b><br /> HTML<br /> CSS<br /> JavaScript</div> <div id="content" style="backgroundcolor:#EEEEEE;height:200px;width:400px;float:left;"> Content goes here</div> <div id="footer" style="background-color:#FFA500;clear:both;textalign:center;"> Copyright 2011 W3Schools.com</div> </div> </body> </html>
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Tip: The biggest advantage of using CSS is that, if you place the CSS code in an external style sheet, your site becomes MUCH EASIER to maintain. You can change the layout of all your pages by editing one file. To learn more about CSS, study our CSS tutorial. Tip: Because advanced layouts take time to create, a quicker option is to use a template. Search Google for free website templates (these are pre-built website layouts you can use and customize).
A doctype declaration refers to the rules for the markup language, so that the browsers render the content correctly.
Example
An HTML document with a doctype of HTML 4.01 Transitional:
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"> <html> <head> <title>Title of the document</title> </head> <body> The content of the document...... </body> </html>
The doctype declaration refers to a Document Type Definition (DTD). The DTD specifies the rules for the markup language, so that the browsers render the content correctly. The doctype declaration should be the very first thing in an HTML document, before the <html> tag. Tip: Always add a doctype to your pages. This helps the browsers to render the page correctly!
Tag <!DOCTYPE>
Description Defines the document type. This declaration goes before the <html> start tag
Inline Styles
An inline style can be used if a unique style is to be applied to one single occurrence of an element.
To use inline styles, use the style attribute in the relevant tag. The style attribute can contain any CSS property. The example below shows how to change the text color and the left margin of a paragraph:
defines a title in the browser toolbar provides a title for the page when it is added to favorites displays a title for the page in search-engine results
<html> <head> <title>Title of the document</title> </head> <body> The content of the document...... </body> </html>
Note: A lot of webmasters have used <meta> tags for spamming, like repeating keywords (or using wrong keywords) for higher ranking. Therefore, most search engines have stopped using <meta> tags to index/rank pages.
Example
<script type="text/javascript"> document.write("Hello World!") </script>
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Example
<script type="text/javascript"> document.write("Hello World!") </script> <noscript>Sorry, your browser does not support JavaScript!</noscript>
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HTML Entities
Some characters are reserved in HTML. It is not possible to use the less than (<) or greater than (>) signs in your text, because the browser will mix them with tags. To actually display reserved characters, we must use character entities in the HTML source code. A character entity looks like this:
&entity_name; OR &#entity_number;
To display a less than sign we must write: < or < Tip: The advantage of using an entity name, instead of a number, is that the name is easier to remember. However, the disadvantage is that browsers may not support all entity names (the support for entity numbers is very good).
Non-breaking Space
A common character entity used in HTML is the non-breaking space ( ).
Browsers will always truncate spaces in HTML pages. If you write 10 spaces in your text, the browser will remove 9 of them, before displaying the page. To add spaces to your text, you can use the character entity.
For a complete reference of all character entities, visit our HTML Entities Reference.
A URL is another word for a web address. A URL can be composed of words, such as "w3schools.com", or an Internet Protocol (IP) address: 192.68.20.50. Most people enter the name of the website when surfing, because names are easier to remember than numbers.
When you click on a link in an HTML page, an underlying <a> tag points to an address on the world wide web. A Uniform Resource Locator (URL) is used to address a document (or other data) on the world wide web. A web address, like this: http://www.w3schools.com/html/default.asp follows these syntax rules:
scheme://host.domain:port/path/filename
Explanation:
scheme - defines the type of Internet service. The most common type is http host - defines the domain host (the default host for http is www) domain - defines the Internet domain name, like w3schools.com :port - defines the port number at the host (the default port number for http is 80) path - defines a path at the server (If omitted, the document must be stored at the root directory of the web site) filename - defines the name of a document/resource
URL encoding converts characters into a format that can be transmitted over the Internet.
URL Encoding
URLs can only be sent over the Internet using the ASCII character-set. Since URLs often contain characters outside the ASCII set, the URL has to be converted into a valid ASCII format. URL encoding replaces non ASCII characters with a "%" followed by two hexadecimal digits. URLs cannot contain spaces. URL encoding normally replaces a space with a + sign.
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If you click the "Submit" button below, the browser will URL encode the input before it is sent to the server. A page at the server will display the received input.
Submit
Hello Gnter
For a complete reference of all URL encodings, visit our URL Encoding Reference.
To make your web site visible to the world, you'll have to store it on a web server.
Hardware Expenses
To run a "real" web site, you will have to buy some powerful server hardware. Don't expect that a low cost PC will do the job. You will also need a permanent (24 hours a day ) high-speed connection.
Software Expenses
Remember that server-licenses often are higher than client-licenses. Also note that server-licenses might have limits on number of users.
Labor Expenses
Don't expect low labor expenses. You have to install your own hardware and software. You also have to deal with bugs and viruses, and keep your server constantly running in an environment where "everything could happen".
Connection Speed
Most ISPs have very fast connections to the Internet.
Powerful Hardware
ISPs often have powerful web servers that can be shared by several companies. You can also expect them to have an effective load balancing, and necessary backup servers.
24-hour support
Make sure your ISP offers 24-hours support. Don't put yourself in a situation where you cannot fix critical problems without having to wait until the next working day. Toll-free phone could be vital if you don't want to pay for long distance calls.
Daily Backup
Make sure your ISP runs a daily backup routine, otherwise you may lose some valuable data.
Traffic Volume
Study the ISP's traffic volume restrictions. Make sure that you don't have to pay a fortune for unexpected high traffic if your web site becomes popular.
E-mail Capabilities
Make sure your ISP supports the e-mail capabilities you need.
Database Access
If you plan to use data from databases on your web site, make sure your ISP supports the database access you need. Before you select an ISP, make sure you read W3Schools Web Hosting Tutorial !!
HTML Summary
This tutorial has taught you how to use HTML to create your own web site. HTML is the universal markup language for the Web. HTML lets you format text, add graphics, create links, input forms, frames and tables, etc., and save it all in a text file that any browser can read and display. The key to HTML is the tags, which indicates what content is coming up. For more information on HTML, please take a look at our HTML examples and our HTML reference.
The next step is to learn XHTML and CSS. XHTML XHTML reformulates HTML 4.01 in XML. If you want to learn more about XHTML, please visit our XHTML tutorial. CSS CSS is used to control the style and layout of multiple Web pages all at once. With CSS, all formatting can be removed from the HTML document and stored in a separate file. CSS gives you total control of the layout, without messing up the document content. To learn how to create style sheets, please visit our CSS tutorial.
Examples
<html> <body> <p>The hr tag defines a horizontal rule:</p> <hr /> <p>This is a paragraph</p> <hr /> <p>This is a paragraph</p> <hr /> <p>This is a paragraph</p> </body> </html>
<html> <body>
<p> This paragraph contains a lot of lines in the source code, but the browser ignores it. </p>
in the source
<p> The number of lines in a paragraph depends on the size of your browser window. If you resize the browser window, the number of lines in this paragraph will change. </p>
</body> </html>
<html> <body>
</body> </html>
<html> <body>
</p>
</body> </html>
<html> <body>
<p><b>This text is bold</b></p> <p><strong>This text is strong</strong></p> <p><big>This text is big</big></p> <p><em>This text is emphasized</em></p> <p><i>This text is italic</i></p> <p><small>This text is small</small></p> <p>This is<sub> subscript</sub> and <sup>superscript</sup></p>
</body> </html>
<html> <body>
</body> </html>
<html> <body>
<code>Computer code</code> <br /> <kbd>Keyboard input</kbd> <br /> <tt>Teletype text</tt> <br /> <samp>Sample text</samp> <br /> <var>Computer variable</var> <br />
</body> </html>
<html> <body>
<address>
Written by W3Schools.com<br /> <a href="mailto:us@example.org">Email us</a><br /> Address: Box 564, Disneyland<br /> Phone: +12 34 56 78 </address>
</body> </html>
<html> <body>
<p>The title attribute is used to show the spelled-out version when holding the mouse pointer over the acronym or abbreviation.</p>
</body> </html>
<html> <body>
<p> If your browser supports bi-directional override (bdo), the next line will be written from the right to the left (rtl): </p>
</body> </html>
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"> <html> <body>
A long quotation: <blockquote> This is a long quotation. This is a long quotation. This is a long quotation. This is a long quotation. This is a long quotation.
</blockquote>
<p><b>Note:</b> The browser inserts white space before and after a blockquote element. It also inserts margins.</p>
<p><b>Note:<b> The browser inserts quotation marks around the short quotation.</p>
</body> </html>
<html> <body>
<p>Notice that browsers will strikethrough deleted text and underline inserted text.</p>
</body> </html>
</body> </html>
<html> <body style="background-color:yellow;"> <h2 style="background-color:red;">This is a heading</h2> <p style="background-color:green;">This is a paragraph.</p> </body> </html>
<html> <body> <h1 style="font-family:verdana;">A heading</h1> <p style="font-family:arial;color:red;font-size:20px;">A paragraph.</p> </body> </html>
<html> <body>
</body> </html>
<html> <body>
<p> <a href="default.asp">HTML Tutorial</a> This is a link to a page on this website. </p>
<p>
<a href="http://www.google.com/">Google</a> This is a link to a website on the World Wide Web. </p>
</body> </html>
<html> <body>
<p>Create a link of an image: <a href="default.asp"> <img src="smiley.gif" alt="HTML tutorial" width="32" height="32" /> </a></p>
<p>No border around the image, but still a link: <a href="default.asp"> <img border="0" src="smiley.gif" alt="HTML tutorial" width="32" height="32" /> </a></p>
</body> </html>
<html> <body>
<p>If you set the target attribute to "_blank", the link will open in a new browser window/tab.</p>
</body> </html>
<html> <body>
<h2>Chapter 2</h2>
<h2>Chapter 10</h2>
</body>
</html>
<html> <body>
</body> </html>
<html> <body>
<p>
<b>Note:</b> Spaces between words should be replaced by %20 to ensure that the browser will display the text properly. </p>
<p> <b>Note:</b> Spaces between words should be replaced by %20 to ensure that the browser will display the text properly. </p>
</body> </html>
<html>
<body>
<p> An image: <img src="smiley.gif" alt="Smiley face" width="32" height="32" /> </p>
<p> A moving image: <img src="hackanm.gif" alt="Computer man" width="48" height="48" /> </p>
<p> Note that the syntax of inserting a moving image is no different from a non-moving image. </p>
</body> </html>
<html> <body>
<p>An image
<img src="smiley.gif" alt="Smiley face" align="bottom" width="32" height="32" /> with align="bottom".</p>
<p>An image <img src="smiley.gif" alt="Smiley face" align="middle" width="32" height="32" /> with align="middle".</p>
<p>An image <img src="smiley.gif" alt="Smiley face" align="top" width="32" height="32" /> with align="top".</p>
<p><img src="smiley.gif" alt="Smiley face" width="32" height="32" /> An image before the text.</p>
<p>An image after the text. <img src="smiley.gif" alt="Smiley face" width="32" height="32" /></p>
</body> </html>
<html> <body>
<p> <img src="smiley.gif" alt="Smiley face" align="left" width="32" height="32" /> A paragraph with an image. The align attribute of the image is set to "left". The image will float to the left of this text. </p>
<p> <img src="smiley.gif" alt="Smiley face" align="right" width="32" height="32" /> A paragraph with an image. The align attribute of the image is set to "right". The image will float to the right of this text. </p>
</body> </html>
<html> <body>
<map name="planetmap"> <area shape="rect" coords="0,0,82,126" alt="Sun" href="sun.htm" /> <area shape="circle" coords="90,58,3" alt="Mercury" href="mercur.htm" /> <area shape="circle" coords="124,58,8" alt="Venus" href="venus.htm" /> </map>
</body> </html>
<html> <body>
<h4>Table headers:</h4> <table border="1"> <tr> <th>Name</th> <th>Telephone</th> <th>Telephone</th> </tr> <tr> <td>Bill Gates</td> <td>555 77 854</td>
<h4>Vertical headers:</h4> <table border="1"> <tr> <th>First Name:</th> <td>Bill Gates</td> </tr> <tr> <th>Telephone:</th> <td>555 77 854</td> </tr> <tr> <th>Telephone:</th> <td>555 77 855</td> </tr> </table>
</body> </html>
<html> <body>
<table border="1"> <caption>Monthly savings</caption> <tr> <th>Month</th> <th>Savings</th> </tr> <tr> <td>January</td> <td>$100</td> </tr> <tr> <td>February</td> <td>$50</td> </tr> </table>
</body> </html>
<html>
<body>
<h4>Cell that spans two columns:</h4> <table border="1"> <tr> <th>Name</th> <th colspan="2">Telephone</th> </tr> <tr> <td>Bill Gates</td> <td>555 77 854</td> <td>555 77 855</td> </tr> </table>
<h4>Cell that spans two rows:</h4> <table border="1"> <tr> <th>First Name:</th> <td>Bill Gates</td> </tr> <tr> <th rowspan="2">Telephone:</th> <td>555 77 854</td>
</body> </html>
<html> <body>
<table border="1"> <tr> <td> <p>This is a paragraph</p> <p>This is another paragraph</p> </td> <td>This cell contains a table: <table border="1"> <tr> <td>A</td> <td>B</td>
</tr> <tr> <td>C</td> <td>D</td> </tr> </table> </td> </tr> <tr> <td>This cell contains a list <ul> <li>apples</li> <li>bananas</li> <li>pineapples</li> </ul> </td> <td>HELLO</td> </tr> </table>
</body> </html>
<html> <body>
<h4>Without cellpadding:</h4> <table border="1"> <tr> <td>First</td> <td>Row</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Second</td> <td>Row</td> </tr> </table>
<h4>With cellpadding:</h4> <table border="1" cellpadding="10"> <tr> <td>First</td> <td>Row</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Second</td>
</body> </html>
<html> <body>
<h4>Without cellspacing:</h4> <table border="1"> <tr> <td>First</td> <td>Row</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Second</td> <td>Row</td> </tr> </table>
<h4>With cellspacing:</h4>
<table border="1" cellspacing="10"> <tr> <td>First</td> <td>Row</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Second</td> <td>Row</td> </tr> </table>
</body> </html>
<html> <body>
<p> <b>Note:</b> If you see no frames/borders around the tables below, your browser does not support the "frame" attribute. </p>
<h4>With frame="border":</h4> <table frame="border"> <tr> <td>First</td> <td>Row</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Second</td> <td>Row</td> </tr> </table>
<h4>With frame="box":</h4> <table frame="box"> <tr> <td>First</td> <td>Row</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Second</td> <td>Row</td> </tr> </table>
<h4>With frame="void":</h4> <table frame="void"> <tr> <td>First</td> <td>Row</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Second</td> <td>Row</td> </tr> </table>
<h4>With frame="above":</h4> <table frame="above"> <tr> <td>First</td> <td>Row</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Second</td> <td>Row</td> </tr> </table>
<h4>With frame="below":</h4> <table frame="below"> <tr> <td>First</td> <td>Row</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Second</td> <td>Row</td> </tr> </table>
<h4>With frame="hsides":</h4> <table frame="hsides"> <tr> <td>First</td> <td>Row</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Second</td> <td>Row</td> </tr> </table>
<h4>With frame="vsides":</h4> <table frame="vsides"> <tr> <td>First</td> <td>Row</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Second</td> <td>Row</td> </tr> </table>
<h4>With frame="lhs":</h4> <table frame="lhs"> <tr> <td>First</td> <td>Row</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Second</td> <td>Row</td> </tr> </table>
<h4>With frame="rhs":</h4> <table frame="rhs"> <tr> <td>First</td> <td>Row</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Second</td> <td>Row</td> </tr> </table>
</body> </html>
<html> <body>
<p> <b>Note:</b> If you see no frames/borders around the tables below, your browser does not support the "frame" attribute. </p>
<h4>With frame="border":</h4> <table frame="border"> <tr> <td>First</td> <td>Row</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Second</td> <td>Row</td> </tr> </table>
<h4>With frame="box":</h4> <table frame="box"> <tr> <td>First</td> <td>Row</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Second</td> <td>Row</td> </tr> </table>
<h4>With frame="void":</h4> <table frame="void"> <tr> <td>First</td> <td>Row</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Second</td> <td>Row</td> </tr> </table>
<h4>With frame="above":</h4> <table frame="above"> <tr> <td>First</td> <td>Row</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Second</td> <td>Row</td> </tr> </table>
<h4>With frame="below":</h4> <table frame="below"> <tr> <td>First</td> <td>Row</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Second</td> <td>Row</td> </tr> </table>
<h4>With frame="hsides":</h4> <table frame="hsides"> <tr> <td>First</td> <td>Row</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Second</td> <td>Row</td> </tr> </table>
<h4>With frame="vsides":</h4> <table frame="vsides"> <tr> <td>First</td> <td>Row</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Second</td> <td>Row</td> </tr> </table>
<h4>With frame="lhs":</h4> <table frame="lhs"> <tr> <td>First</td> <td>Row</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Second</td> <td>Row</td> </tr> </table>
<h4>With frame="rhs":</h4> <table frame="rhs"> <tr> <td>First</td> <td>Row</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Second</td> <td>Row</td> </tr> </table>
</body> </html>
<html> <body>
<form action=""> First name: <input type="text" name="firstname" /><br /> Last name: <input type="text" name="lastname" /> </form>
<p><b>Note:</b> The form itself is not visible. Also note that the default width of a text field is 20 characters.</p>
</body> </html>
<html> <body>
<form action=""> Username: <input type="text" name="user" /><br /> Password: <input type="password" name="password" /> </form>
<p><b>Note:</b> The characters in a password field are masked (shown as asterisks or circles).</p>
</body> </html>
<html> <body>
<form action=""> <fieldset> <legend>Personal information:</legend> Name: <input type="text" size="30" /><br /> E-mail: <input type="text" size="30" /><br /> Date of birth: <input type="text" size="10" /> </fieldset> </form>
</body> </html>
<html> <body>
<form name="input" action="html_form_action.asp" method="get"> First name: <input type="text" name="FirstName" value="Mickey" /><br /> Last name: <input type="text" name="LastName" value="Mouse" /><br /> <input type="submit" value="Submit" /> </form>
<p>If you click the "Submit" button, the form-data will be sent to a page called "html_form_action.asp".</p>
</body> </html>
<html> <body>
<form name="input" action="html_form_action.asp" method="get"> <input type="radio" name="sex" value="male" /> Male<br /> <input type="radio" name="sex" value="female" /> Female<br /> <input type="submit" value="Submit" /> </form>
<p>If you click the "Submit" button, the form-data will be sent to a page called "html_form_action.asp".</p>
</body> </html>
<html> <body>
<form action="MAILTO:someone@example.com" method="post" enctype="text/plain"> Name:<br /> <input type="text" name="name" value="your name" /><br /> E-mail:<br /> <input type="text" name="mail" value="your email" /><br /> Comment:<br /> <input type="text" name="comment" value="your comment" size="50" /> <br /><br /> <input type="submit" value="Send"> <input type="reset" value="Reset">
<html>
<frameset cols="25%,50%,25%">
</frameset>
</html>
<html>
<frameset rows="25%,50%,25%">
</frameset>
</html>
<html>
<frameset rows="50%,50%">
</frameset>
</html>
<html>
<frameset rows="50%,50%">
</frameset>
</html>
<html>
<frameset cols="120,*">
</frameset>
</html>
<html> <body>
<iframe src="demo_iframe.htm"></iframe>
<p>Some older browsers don't support iframes.</p> <p>If they don't, the iframe will not be visible.</p>
</body> </html>
<html>
<frameset cols="20%,80%">
</frameset>
</html>
<html>
<frameset cols="180,*">
</frameset>
</html>
<body>
<h1>All header 1 elements will be red</h1> <h2>All header 2 elements will be blue</h2> <p>All text in paragraphs will be green.</p>
</body> </html>
<html> <body>
</body> </html>
<body> <h1>I am formatted with an external style sheet</h1> <p>Me too!</p> </body>
</html>
<body> <img src="stickman.gif" width="24" height="39" /> - Notice that we have only specified a relative address for the image. Since we have specified a base URL in the head section, the browser will look for the image at "http://www.w3schools.com/images/stickman.gif"
<br /><br /> <a href="http://www.w3schools.com">W3Schools</a> - Notice that the link opens in a new window, even if it has no target="_blank" attribute. This is because the target attribute of the base element is set to "_blank".
</body> </html>
<body> <h1>Sorry! We have moved!</h1> <h2>The new URL is: <a href="http://www.w3schools.com">http://www.w3schools.com</a></h2> <p>You will be redirected to the new address in five seconds.</p> <p>If you see this message for more than 5 seconds, please click on the link above!</p> </body> </html>
To learn more about programming events, please visit our JavaScript tutorial and our DHTML tutorial. Below is the standard event attributes that can be inserted into HTML / XHTML elements to define event actions.
Form Events
The attributes below can be used in form elements: Attribute onblur onchange onfocus onreset onselect onsubmit Value script script script script script script Description Script to be run when an element loses focus Script to be run when an element change Script to be run when an element gets focus Script to be run when a form is reset Script to be run when an element is selected Script to be run when a form is submitted
Image Events
The attribute below can be used with the img element: Attribute onabort Value script Description Script to be run when loading of an image is interrupted
Keyboard Events
Valid in all elements except base, bdo, br, frame, frameset, head, html, iframe, meta, param, script, style, and title. Attribute onkeydown Value script Description Script to be run when a key is pressed
onkeypress onkeyup
script script
Script to be run when a key is pressed and released Script to be run when a key is released
Mouse Events
Valid in all elements except base, bdo, br, frame, frameset, head, html, iframe, meta, param, script, style, and title. Attribute onclick ondblclick onmousedown onmousemove onmouseout onmouseover onmouseup Value script script script script script script script Description Script to be run on a mouse click Script to be run on a mouse double-click Script to be run when mouse button is pressed Script to be run when mouse pointer moves Script to be run when mouse pointer moves out of an element Script to be run when mouse pointer moves over an element Script to be run when mouse button is released
<caption> <center> <cite> <code> <col /> <colgroup> <dd> <del> <dfn> <dir> <div> <dl> <dt> <em> <fieldset> <font> <form> <frame /> <frameset> <h1> to <h6> <head> <hr /> <html> <i> <iframe> <img /> <input /> <ins> <isindex> <kbd> <label> <legend> <li> <link /> <map> <menu> <meta /> <noframes> <noscript>
Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No No Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
Yes No Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes No No Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes Yes Yes No Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes No Yes
Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
Yes No Yes Yes No No Yes No Yes No Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes No No Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes Yes No No Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No No Yes No Yes
<object> <ol> <optgroup> <option> <p> <param /> <pre> <q> <s> <samp> <script> <select> <small> <span> <strike> <strong> <style> <sub> <sup> <table> <tbody> <td> <textarea> <tfoot> <th> <thead> <title> <tr> <tt> <u> <ul> <var>
Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes Yes
Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes Yes No Yes No Yes Yes Yes No Yes Yes
147 color names are defined in the HTML and CSS color specification (17 standard colors plus 130 more). The table below lists them all, along with their hexadecimal values. Tip: The 17 standard colors are: aqua, black, blue, fuchsia, gray, grey, green, lime, maroon, navy, olive, purple, red, silver, teal, white, and yellow. Click on a color name (or a hex value) to view the color as the background-color along with different text colors: Color Name AliceBlue AntiqueWhite Aqua Aquamarine Azure Beige Bisque Black BlanchedAlmond Blue BlueViolet Brown BurlyWood CadetBlue Chartreuse Chocolate Coral CornflowerBlue Cornsilk Crimson Cyan DarkBlue DarkCyan DarkGoldenRod DarkGray DarkGrey DarkGreen DarkKhaki DarkMagenta DarkOliveGreen Darkorange DarkOrchid HEX #F0F8FF #FAEBD7 #00FFFF #7FFFD4 #F0FFFF #F5F5DC #FFE4C4 #000000 #FFEBCD #0000FF #8A2BE2 #A52A2A #DEB887 #5F9EA0 #7FFF00 #D2691E #FF7F50 #6495ED #FFF8DC #DC143C #00FFFF #00008B #008B8B #B8860B #A9A9A9 #A9A9A9 #006400 #BDB76B #8B008B #556B2F #FF8C00 #9932CC Color Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix
DarkRed DarkSalmon DarkSeaGreen DarkSlateBlue DarkSlateGray DarkSlateGrey DarkTurquoise DarkViolet DeepPink DeepSkyBlue DimGray DimGrey DodgerBlue FireBrick FloralWhite ForestGreen Fuchsia Gainsboro GhostWhite Gold GoldenRod Gray Grey Green GreenYellow HoneyDew HotPink IndianRed Indigo Ivory Khaki Lavender LavenderBlush LawnGreen LemonChiffon LightBlue LightCoral LightCyan LightGoldenRodYellow
#8B0000 #E9967A #8FBC8F #483D8B #2F4F4F #2F4F4F #00CED1 #9400D3 #FF1493 #00BFFF #696969 #696969 #1E90FF #B22222 #FFFAF0 #228B22 #FF00FF #DCDCDC #F8F8FF #FFD700 #DAA520 #808080 #808080 #008000 #ADFF2F #F0FFF0 #FF69B4 #CD5C5C #4B0082 #FFFFF0 #F0E68C #E6E6FA #FFF0F5 #7CFC00 #FFFACD #ADD8E6 #F08080 #E0FFFF #FAFAD2
Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades
Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix
LightGray LightGrey LightGreen LightPink LightSalmon LightSeaGreen LightSkyBlue LightSlateGray LightSlateGrey LightSteelBlue LightYellow Lime LimeGreen Linen Magenta Maroon MediumAquaMarine MediumBlue MediumOrchid MediumPurple MediumSeaGreen MediumSlateBlue MediumSpringGreen MediumTurquoise MediumVioletRed MidnightBlue MintCream MistyRose Moccasin NavajoWhite Navy OldLace Olive OliveDrab Orange OrangeRed Orchid PaleGoldenRod PaleGreen
#D3D3D3 #D3D3D3 #90EE90 #FFB6C1 #FFA07A #20B2AA #87CEFA #778899 #778899 #B0C4DE #FFFFE0 #00FF00 #32CD32 #FAF0E6 #FF00FF #800000 #66CDAA #0000CD #BA55D3 #9370D8 #3CB371 #7B68EE #00FA9A #48D1CC #C71585 #191970 #F5FFFA #FFE4E1 #FFE4B5 #FFDEAD #000080 #FDF5E6 #808000 #6B8E23 #FFA500 #FF4500 #DA70D6 #EEE8AA #98FB98
Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades
Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix
PaleTurquoise PaleVioletRed PapayaWhip PeachPuff Peru Pink Plum PowderBlue Purple Red RosyBrown RoyalBlue SaddleBrown Salmon SandyBrown SeaGreen SeaShell Sienna Silver SkyBlue SlateBlue SlateGray SlateGrey Snow SpringGreen SteelBlue Tan Teal Thistle Tomato Turquoise Violet Wheat White WhiteSmoke Yellow YellowGreen
#AFEEEE #D87093 #FFEFD5 #FFDAB9 #CD853F #FFC0CB #DDA0DD #B0E0E6 #800080 #FF0000 #BC8F8F #4169E1 #8B4513 #FA8072 #F4A460 #2E8B57 #FFF5EE #A0522D #C0C0C0 #87CEEB #6A5ACD #708090 #708090 #FFFAFA #00FF7F #4682B4 #D2B48C #008080 #D8BFD8 #FF6347 #40E0D0 #EE82EE #F5DEB3 #FFFFFF #F5F5F5 #FFFF00 #9ACD32
Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades Shades
Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix Mix
#000000 #1A0000 #330000 #4C0000 #660000 #800000 #990000 #B20000 #CC0000 #E60000
#FF0000
#FF0000 #FF1919 #FF3333 #FF4D4D #FF6666 #FF8080 #FF9999 #FFB2B2 #FFCCCC #FFE6E6 #FFFFFF
Selected color:
#FF0000
Top color:
#FF0000
#FF0000 #F2000D #E6001A #D90026 #CC0033 #BF0040 #B2004C #A60059 #990066 #8C0073
#FF0000 #0000FF
#800080 #73008C #660099 #5900A6 #4D00B2 #4000BF #3300CC #2600D9 #1900E6 #0D00F2 #0000FF
Bottom color:
#0000FF
∈ ∉ ∋ ∏ ∑ − ∗ √ ∝ ∞ ∠ ∧ ∨ ∩ ∪ ∫ ∴ ∼ ≅ ≈ ≠ ≡ ≤ ≥ ⊂ ⊃ ⊄ ⊆ ⊇ ⊕ ⊗ ⊥ ⋅
∈ ∉ ∋ ∏ ∑ − ∗ √ ∝ ∞ ∠ ∧ ∨ ∩ ∪ ∫ ∴ ∼ ≅ ≈ ≠ ≡ ≤ ≥ ⊂ ⊃ ⊄ ⊆ ⊇ ⊕ ⊗ ⊥ ⋅
isin notin ni prod sum minus lowast square root proportional to infinity angle and or cap cup integral therefore similar to congruent to almost equal not equal equivalent less or equal greater or equal subset of superset of not subset of subset or equal superset or equal circled plus cirled times perpendicular dot operator
Δ Ε Ζ Η Θ Ι Κ Λ Μ Ν Ξ Ο Π Ρ undefined Σ Τ Υ Φ Χ Ψ Ω α β γ δ ε ζ η θ ι κ λ μ ν ξ ο π
Δ Ε Ζ Η Θ Ι Κ Λ Μ Ν Ξ Ο Π Ρ Σ Τ Υ Φ Χ Ψ Ω α β γ δ ε ζ η θ ι κ λ μ ν ξ ο π
Delta Epsilon Zeta Eta Theta Iota Kappa Lambda Mu Nu Xi Omicron Pi Rho Sigmaf Sigma Tau Upsilon Phi Chi Psi Omega alpha beta gamma delta epsilon zeta eta theta iota kappa lambda mu nu xi omicron pi
ρ ς σ τ υ φ χ ψ ω ϑ ϒ ϖ
ρ ς σ τ υ φ χ ψ ω ϑ ϒ ϖ
rho sigmaf sigma tau upsilon phi chi psi omega theta symbol upsilon symbol pi symbol
† ‡ • … ‰ ′ ″ ‹ › ‾ € ™ ← ↑ → ↓ ↔ ↵ ⌈ ⌉ ⌊ ⌋ ◊ ♠ ♣ ♥ ♦
† ‡ • … ‰ ′ ″ ‹ › ‾ € ™ ← ↑ → ↓ ↔ ↵ ⌈ ⌉ ⌊ ⌋ ◊ ♠ ♣ ♥ ♦
dagger double dagger bullet horizontal ellipsis per mille minutes seconds single left angle quotation single right angle quotation overline euro trademark left arrow up arrow right arrow down arrow left right arrow carriage return arrow left ceiling right ceiling left floor right floor lozenge spade club heart diamond
Chinese (Simplified) Chinese (Traditional) Corsican Croatian Czech Danish Divehi Dutch Edo English Esperanto Estonian Faeroese Farsi Fiji Finnish Flemish French Frisian Fulfulde Galician Gaelic (Scottish) Gaelic (Manx) Georgian German Greek Greenlandic Guarani Gujarati Hausa Hawaiian Hebrew Hindi Hungarian Ibibio Icelandic Igbo Indonesian Interlingua
zh zh co hr cs da nl en eo et fo fa fj fi fr fy gl gd gv ka de el kl gn gu ha he, iw hi hu is id, in ia
Interlingue Inuktitut Inupiak Irish Italian Japanese Javanese Kannada Kanuri Kashmiri Kazakh Kinyarwanda (Ruanda) Kirghiz Kirundi (Rundi) Konkani Korean Kurdish Laothian Latin Latvian (Lettish) Limburgish ( Limburger) Lingala Lithuanian Macedonian Malagasy Malay Malayalam Maltese Maori Marathi Moldavian Mongolian Nauru Nepali Norwegian Occitan Oriya Oromo (Afan, Galla)
ie iu ik ga it ja jv kn ks kk rw ky rn ko ku lo la lv li ln lt mk mg ms ml mt mi mr mo mn na ne no oc or om
Papiamentu Pashto (Pushto) Polish Portuguese Punjabi Quechua Rhaeto-Romance Romanian Russian Sami (Lappish) Samoan Sangro Sanskrit Serbian Serbo-Croatian Sesotho Setswana Shona Sindhi Sinhalese Siswati Slovak Slovenian Somali Spanish Sundanese Swahili (Kiswahili) Swedish Syriac Tagalog Tajik Tamazight Tamil Tatar Telugu Thai Tibetan Tigrinya Tonga ta tt te th bo ti to tl tg sm sg sa sr sh st tn sn sd si ss sk sl so es su sw sv ps pl pt pa qu rm ro ru
Tsonga Turkish Turkmen Twi Uighur Ukrainian Urdu Uzbek Venda Vietnamese Volapk Welsh Wolof Xhosa Yi Yiddish Yoruba Zulu
ts tr tk tw ug uk ur uz vi vo cy wo xh yi, ji yo zu
When a browser requests a service from a web server, an error might occur. This is a list of HTTP status messages that might be returned:
1xx: Information Message: 100 Continue Description: Only a part of the request has been received by the server, but as long as it has not been rejected, the client should continue with the request The server switches protocol
101 Switching Protocols 2xx: Successful Message: 200 OK 201 Created 202 Accepted
Description: The request is OK The request is complete, and a new resource is created The request is accepted for processing, but the processing is not complete
203 Non-authoritative Information 204 No Content 205 Reset Content 206 Partial Content 3xx: Redirection Message: 300 Multiple Choices 301 Moved Permanently 302 Found 303 See Other 304 Not Modified 305 Use Proxy 306 Unused 307 Temporary Redirect 4xx: Client Error Message: 400 Bad Request 401 Unauthorized 402 Payment Required 403 Forbidden 404 Not Found 405 Method Not Allowed 406 Not Acceptable 407 Proxy Authentication Required 408 Request Timeout 409 Conflict 410 Gone 411 Length Required 412 Precondition Failed 413 Request Entity Too Large 414 Request-url Too Long Description: The server did not understand the request The requested page needs a username and a password You can not use this code yet Access is forbidden to the requested page The server can not find the requested page The method specified in the request is not allowed The server can only generate a response that is not accepted by the client You must authenticate with a proxy server before this request can be served The request took longer than the server was prepared to wait The request could not be completed because of a conflict The requested page is no longer available The "Content-Length" is not defined. The server will not accept the request without it The precondition given in the request evaluated to false by the server The server will not accept the request, because the request entity is too large The server will not accept the request, because the url is too This code was used in a previous version. It is no longer used, but the code is reserved The requested page has moved temporarily to a new url Description: A link list. The user can select a link and go to that location. Maximum five addresses The requested page has moved to a new url The requested page has moved temporarily to a new url The requested page can be found under a different url
long. Occurs when you convert a "post" request to a "get" request with a long query information 415 Unsupported Media Type 416 417 Expectation Failed 5xx: Server Error Message: 500 Internal Server Error 501 Not Implemented 502 Bad Gateway 503 Service Unavailable 504 Gateway Timeout 505 HTTP Version Not Supported Description: The request was not completed. The server met an unexpected condition The request was not completed. The server did not support the functionality required The request was not completed. The server received an invalid response from the upstream server The request was not completed. The server is temporarily overloading or down The gateway has timed out The server does not support the "http protocol" version The server will not accept the request, because the media type is not supported
Ordered Alphabetically
DTD: indicates in which HTML 4.01 / XHTML 1.0 DTD the tag is allowed. S=Strict, T=Transitional, and F=Frameset Tag <!--...--> <!DOCTYPE> <a> <abbr> <acronym> <address> <applet> <area /> <b> <base /> <basefont /> <bdo> <big> Description Defines a comment Defines the document type Defines an anchor Defines an abbreviation Defines an acronym Defines contact information for the author/owner of a document Deprecated. Defines an embedded applet Defines an area inside an image-map Defines bold text Defines a default address or a default target for all links on a page Deprecated. Defines a default font, color, or size for the text in a page Defines the text direction Defines big text DTD STF STF STF STF STF STF TF STF STF STF TF STF STF
<blockquote> <body> <br /> <button> <caption> <center> <cite> <code> <col /> <colgroup> <dd> <del> <dfn> <dir> <div> <dl> <dt> <em> <fieldset> <font> <form> <frame /> <frameset> <h1> to <h6> <head> <hr /> <html> <i> <iframe> <img /> <input /> <ins> <isindex> <kbd> <label> <legend> <li> <link /> <map>
Defines a long quotation Defines the document's body Defines a single line break Defines a push button Defines a table caption Deprecated. Defines centered text Defines a citation Defines computer code text Defines attribute values for one or more columns in a table Defines a group of columns in a table for formatting Defines a description of a term in a definition list Defines deleted text Defines a definition term Deprecated. Defines a directory list Defines a section in a document Defines a definition list Defines a term (an item) in a definition list Defines emphasized text Defines a border around elements in a form Deprecated. Defines font, color, and size for text Defines an HTML form for user input Defines a window (a frame) in a frameset Defines a set of frames Defines HTML headings Defines information about the document Defines a horizontal line Defines an HTML document Defines italic text Defines an inline frame Defines an image Defines an input control Defines inserted text Deprecated. Defines a searchable index related to a document Defines keyboard text Defines a label for an input element Defines a caption for a fieldset element Defines a list item Defines the relationship between a document and an external resource Defines an image-map
STF STF STF STF STF TF STF STF STF STF STF STF STF TF STF STF STF STF STF TF STF F F STF STF STF STF STF TF STF STF STF TF STF STF STF STF STF STF
<menu> <meta /> <noframes> <noscript> <object> <ol> <optgroup> <option> <p> <param /> <pre> <q> <s> <samp> <script> <select> <small> <span> <strike> <strong> <style> <sub> <sup> <table> <tbody> <td> <textarea> <tfoot> <th> <thead> <title> <tr> <tt> <u> <ul> <var> <xmp>
Deprecated. Defines a menu list Defines metadata about an HTML document Defines an alternate content for users that do not support frames Defines an alternate content for users that do not support client-side scripts Defines an embedded object Defines an ordered list Defines a group of related options in a select list Defines an option in a select list Defines a paragraph Defines a parameter for an object Defines preformatted text Defines a short quotation Deprecated. Defines strikethrough text Defines sample computer code Defines a client-side script Defines a select list (drop-down list) Defines small text Defines a section in a document Deprecated. Defines strikethrough text Defines strong text Defines style information for a document Defines subscripted text Defines superscripted text Defines a table Groups the body content in a table Defines a cell in a table Defines a multi-line text input control Groups the footer content in a table Defines a header cell in a table Groups the header content in a table Defines the title of a document Defines a row in a table Defines teletype text Deprecated. Defines underlined text Defines an unordered list Defines a variable part of a text Deprecated. Defines preformatted text
TF STF TF STF STF STF STF STF STF STF STF STF TF STF STF STF STF STF TF STF STF STF STF STF STF STF STF STF STF STF STF STF STF TF STF STF
Ordered by Function
DTD: indicates in which HTML 4.01 / XHTML 1.0 DTD the tag is allowed. S=Strict, T=Transitional, and F=Frameset Tag Basic <!DOCTYPE> <html> <body> <h1> to <h6> <p> <br /> <hr /> <!--...--> Formatting <acronym> <abbr> <address> <b> <bdo> <big> <blockquote> <center> <cite> <code> <del> <dfn> <em> <font> <i> <ins> <kbd> <pre> <q> <s> <samp> <small> <strike> Defines an acronym Defines an abbreviation Defines contact information for the author/owner of a document Defines bold text Defines the text direction Defines big text Defines a long quotation Deprecated. Defines centered text Defines a citation Defines computer code text Defines deleted text Defines a definition term Defines emphasized text Deprecated. Defines font, color, and size for text Defines italic text Defines inserted text Defines keyboard text Defines preformatted text Defines a short quotation Deprecated. Defines strikethrough text Defines sample computer code Defines small text Deprecated. Defines strikethrough text STF STF STF STF STF STF STF TF STF STF STF STF STF TF STF STF STF STF STF TF STF STF TF Defines the document type Defines an HTML document Defines the document's body Defines HTML headings Defines a paragraph Inserts a single line break Defines a horizontal line Defines a comment STF STF STF STF STF STF STF STF Description DTD
<strong> <sub> <sup> <tt> <u> <var> <xmp> Forms <form> <input /> <textarea> <button> <select> <optgroup> <option> <label> <fieldset> <legend> <isindex> Frames <frame /> <frameset> <noframes> <iframe> Images <img /> <map> <area /> Links <a> <link /> Lists <ul> <ol> <li> <dir> <dl> <dt> <dd>
Defines strong text Defines subscripted text Defines superscripted text Defines teletype text Deprecated. Defines underlined text Defines a variable part of a text Deprecated. Defines preformatted text Defines an HTML form for user input Defines an input control Defines a multi-line text input control Defines a push button Defines a select list (drop-down list) Defines a group of related options in a select list Defines an option in a select list Defines a label for an input element Defines a border around elements in a form Defines a caption for a fieldset element Deprecated. Defines a searchable index related to a document Defines a window (a frame) in a frameset Defines a set of frames Defines an alternate content for users that do not support frames Defines an inline frame Defines an image Defines an image-map Defines an area inside an image-map Defines an anchor Defines the relationship between a document and an external resource Defines an unordered list Defines an ordered list Defines a list item Deprecated. Defines a directory list Defines a definition list Defines a term (an item) in a definition list Defines a description of a term in a definition list
STF STF STF STF STF STF STF STF STF STF TF F F TF TF STF STF STF STF STF STF STF STF TF STF STF STF
<menu> Tables <table> <caption> <th> <tr> <td> <thead> <tbody> <tfoot> <col /> <colgroup> Styles <style> <div> <span> Meta Info <head> <title> <meta> <base /> <basefont /> Programming <script> <noscript> <applet> <object> <param />
Deprecated. Defines a menu list Defines a table Defines a table caption Defines a header cell in a table Defines a row in a table Defines a cell in a table Groups the header content in a table Groups the body content in a table Groups the footer content in a table Defines attribute values for one or more columns in a table Defines a group of columns in a table for formatting Defines style information for a document Defines a section in a document Defines a section in a document Defines information about the document Defines the document title Defines metadata about an HTML document Defines a default address or a default target for all links on a page Deprecated. Defines a default font, color, or size for the text in a page Defines a client-side script Defines an alternate content for users that do not support client-side scripts Deprecated. Defines an embedded applet Defines an embedded object Defines a parameter for an object
TF STF STF STF STF STF STF STF STF STF STF STF STF STF STF STF STF STF TF STF STF TF STF STF
<abbr> <acronym> <address> <applet> <area /> <b> <base /> <basefont /> <bdo> <big> <blockquote> <body> <br /> <button> <caption> <center> <cite> <code> <col /> <colgroup> <dd> <del> <dfn> <dir> <div> <dl> <dt> <em> <fieldset> <font> <form> <frame /> <frameset> <h1> to <h6> <head> <hr /> <html> <i> <iframe>
Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No No Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
Yes Yes Yes No Yes Yes Yes No Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes No No Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No
Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
Yes Yes Yes No No Yes Yes No No Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes Yes No No Yes No Yes No Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes No No Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No
<img /> <input /> <ins> <isindex> <kbd> <label> <legend> <li> <link /> <map> <menu> <meta /> <noframes> <noscript> <object> <ol> <optgroup> <option> <p> <param /> <pre> <q> <s> <samp> <script> <select> <small> <span> <strike> <strong> <style> <sub> <sup> <table> <tbody> <td> <textarea> <tfoot> <th>
Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
Yes Yes Yes No Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes No Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
Yes Yes No No Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No No Yes No Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes Yes No Yes