Fall 2012 Course 18: Mathematics

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Course 18: Mathematics Fall 2012

Course 18 Home CI-M Subjects for Undergraduate Majors Evaluations (Certificates Required)

| 18.01-18.499 | 18.50-18.THG |

Logic
18.504 Seminar in Logic
( ) Prereq: 18.100; 18.06, 18.510, 18.511, 18.700, or 18.701 Units: 3-0-9 URL: http://math.mit.edu/classes/18.504 Students present and discuss the subject matter taken from current journals or books. Topics vary from year to year. Instruction and practice in written and oral communication provided. Enrollment limited. H. Cohn

18.510 Introduction to Mathematical Logic and Set Theory

( ) Prereq: None Units: 3-0-9 URL: http://math.mit.edu/classes/18.510 Propositional and predicate logic. Zermelo-Frenkel set theory. Ordinals and cardinals. Axiom of choice and transfinite induction. Elementary model theory: completeness, compactness, and Lowenheim-Skolem theorems. Godel's incompleteness theorem. Information: B. Poonen

18.511 Introduction to Computability and Undecidability

( ) Prereq: None Units: 3-0-9 URL: http://math.mit.edu/classes/18.511 Church's thesis and models of computation. Elementary computability theory: enumeration and recursion theorems, the halting problem, relative computability, Turing degrees, and basic priority constructions. Post's problem. Truth vs. provability, Godel's incompleteness theorem. Decidable and undecidable problems in number theory and other areas of mathematics. Information: B. Poonen

18.515 Mathematical Logic

( ) Prereq: Permission of instructor Units: 3-0-9 URL: http://math.mit.edu/classes/18.515 More rigorous treatment of basic mathematical logic, Godel's theorems, and Zermelo-Fraenkel set theory. First-order logic. Models and satisfaction. Deduction and proof. Soundness and completeness. Compactness and its consequences. Quantifier elimination. Recursive sets and functions. Incompleteness and undecidability. Ordinals and cardinals. Set-theoretic formalization of mathematics. Information: B. Poonen

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Algebra and Number Theory

18.700 Linear Algebra
( ) Prereq: Calculus II (GIR) Units: 3-0-9 Credit cannot also be received for 18.06 URL: http://math.mit.edu/classes/18.700 Lecture: MWF2 (56-154) +final Vector spaces, systems of linear equations, bases, linear independence, matrices, determinants, eigenvalues, inner products, quadratic forms, and canonical forms of matrices. More emphasis on theory and proofs than in 18.06. D. A. Vogan Textbooks (Fall 2012)

18.701 Algebra I
( ) Prereq: 18.100 or permission of instructor Units: 3-0-9 URL: http://math.mit.edu/classes/18.701 Lecture: MWF11 (3-270) Textbooks (Fall 2012)

18.702 Algebra II
( ) Prereq: 18.701 Units: 3-0-9 URL: http://math.mit.edu/classes/18.702 More extensive and theoretical than the 18.700-18.703 sequence. Experience with proofs necessary. First term: group theory, geometry, and linear algebra. Second term: group representations, rings, ideals, fields, polynomial rings, modules, factorization, integers in quadratic number fields, field extensions, Galois theory. M. Artin

18.703 Modern Algebra

( ) Prereq: Calculus II (GIR) Units: 3-0-9 URL: http://math.mit.edu/classes/18.703/ Focuses on traditional algebra topics that have found greatest application in science and engineering as well as in mathematics: group theory, emphasizing finite groups; ring theory, including ideals and unique factorization in polynomial and Euclidean rings; field theory, including properties and applications of finite fields. 18.700 and 18.703 together form a standard algebra sequence. J. McKernan

18.704 Seminar in Algebra

( , ) Prereq: 18.702 Units: 3-0-9 URL: http://math.mit.edu/classes/18.704 Lecture: TR11-12.30 (2-135) Topics vary from year to year. Students present and discuss the subject matter. Instruction and practice in written and oral communication provided. Some experience with proofs required. Enrollment limited. Fall: J. Kim Spring: G. Lusztig Textbooks (Fall 2012)

18.705 Commutative Algebra

( ) Prereq: 18.702

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Units: 3-0-9 URL: http://math.mit.edu/classes/18.705 Lecture: TR11-12.30 (2-151) Exactness, direct limits, tensor products, Cayley-Hamilton theorem, integral dependence, localization, Cohen-Seidenberg theory, Noether normalization, Nullstellensatz, chain conditions, primary decomposition, length, Hilbert functions, dimension theory, completion, Dedekind domains. S. Kleiman Textbooks (Fall 2012)

18.706 Noncommutative Algebra

( ) Prereq: 18.705 Units: 3-0-9 URL: http://math.mit.edu/classes/18.706/ Wedderburn theory, Morita equivalence, localization and Goldie's theorem, central simple algebras and the Brauer group, maximal orders, representations, polynomial identity rings, invariant theory growth of algebras, Gelfand-Kirillov dimension. Information: J. McKernan

18.712 Introduction to Representation Theory

( ) Prereq: 18.702 or 18.703 Units: 3-0-9 URL: http://math.mit.edu/classes/18.712 Lecture: TR2.30-4 (2-135) Algebras, representations, Schur's lemma. Representations of SL(2). Representations of finite groups, Maschke's theorem, characters, applications. Induced representations, Burnside's theorem, Mackey formula, Frobenius reciprocity. Representations of quivers. P. I. Etingof Textbooks (Fall 2012)

18.721 Introduction to Algebraic Geometry

( ) Prereq: 18.702, 18.901 Units: 3-0-9 URL: http://math.mit.edu/classes/18.721 Lecture: MWF2 (2-136) Presents basic examples of complex algebraic varieties, affine and projective algebraic geometry, sheaves, cohomology. M. Artin Textbooks (Fall 2012)

18.725 Algebraic Geometry I

( ) Prereq: None. Coreq: 18.705 Units: 3-0-9 URL: http://math.mit.edu/classes/18.725 Lecture: TR9.30-11 (2-135) Introduces the basic notions and techniques of modern algebraic geometry. Covers fundamental notions and results about algebraic varieties over an algebraically closed field; relations between complex algebraic varieties and complex analytic varieties; and examples with emphasis on algebraic curves and surfaces. Introduction to the language of schemes and properties of morphisms. Knowledge of elementary algebraic topology, elementary differential geometry recommended, but not required. S. W. Shin Textbooks (Fall 2012)

18.726 Algebraic Geometry II

( ) Prereq: 18.725 Units: 3-0-9 URL: http://math.mit.edu/classes/18.726

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Continuation of the introduction to algebraic geometry given in 18.725. More advanced properties of the varieties and morphisms of schemes, as well as sheaf cohomology. B. Poonen

18.727 Topics in Algebraic Geometry

( ) Prereq: 18.725 Units: 3-0-9 URL: http://math.mit.edu/classes/18.727 Topics vary from year to year. Information: J. McKernan

18.735 Topics in Algebra

( ) Prereq: 18.705 Units: 3-0-9 URL: http://math.mit.edu/classes/18.735 Lecture: TR11-12.30 (2-143) Topics vary from year to year. G. Lusztig No required or recommended textbooks

18.737 Algebraic Groups

( ) Prereq: 18.705 Units: 3-0-9 URL: http://math.mit.edu/classes/18.737 Structure of linear algebraic groups over an algebraically closed field, with emphasis on reductive groups. Representations of groups over a finite field using methods from etale cohomology. Some results from algebraic geometry are stated without proof. R. Bezrukavnikov

18.739 Theory of Invariants

( ) Prereq: 18.705 Units: 3-0-9 Hilbert's finiteness theorem for reductive groups. Properties of the orbits and the orbit space. Classical invariant theory. Hilbert-Mumford-Richardson theorem. Rosenlicht's theorem on the existence of invariants. Matsushima criterion. Richardson's theorem on the principal stabilizer. Chevalley-Luna-Richardson theorem. Linear actions with a non-trivial stabilizer. Polar representations. Methods of the orbit classification. Applications to classical problems of linear algebra. Other topics. Information: V. G. Kac

18.745 Introduction to Lie Algebras

( ) Prereq: 18.701 or 18.703 Units: 3-0-9 URL: http://math.mit.edu/classes/18.745 Lecture: MW9.30-11 (2-136) Structure of finite-dimensional Lie algebras. Theorems of Engel and Lie. Cartan subalgebras and regular elements. Trace form and Cartan's criterion. Chevalley's conjugacy theorem. Classification and construction of semisimple Lie algebras. Weyl group. Universal enveloping algebra and the Casimir operator. Weyl's complete reducibility theorem, Levi and Maltsev theorems. Verma modules. Classification of irreducible finite-dimensional representations of semisimple Lie algebras. Weyl's character and dimension formulas. R. Bezrukavnikov No required or recommended textbooks

18.747 Infinite-dimensional Lie Algebras

( ) Prereq: 18.745

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Units: 3-0-9 Topics vary from year to year. Information: P. I. Etingof

18.755 Introduction to Lie Groups

( ) Prereq: 18.100; 18.700 or 18.701 Units: 3-0-9 URL: http://math.mit.edu/classes/18.755 Lecture: TR1-2.30 (2-142) A general introduction to manifolds and Lie groups. The role of Lie groups in mathematics and physics. Exponential mapping. Correspondence with Lie algebras. Homogeneous spaces and transformation groups. Adjoint representation. Covering groups. Automorphism groups. Invariant differential forms and cohomology of Lie groups and homogeneous spaces. 18.101 recommended but not required. S. Helgason Textbooks (Fall 2012)

18.757 Representations of Lie Groups

( ) Prereq: 18.745 or 18.755 Units: 3-0-9 URL: http://math.mit.edu/classes/18.757 Covers representations of locally compact groups, with emphasis on compact groups and abelian groups. Includes Peter-Weyl theorem and Cartan-Weyl highest weight theory for compact Lie groups. D. A. Vogan

18.758 Representations of Lie Groups

( ) Prereq: 18.757 Units: 3-0-9 URL: http://math.mit.edu/classes/18.758 Introduction to unitary representations of semi-simple Lie groups: compact groups and the Borel-Weil theorem; parabolic induction; Zuckerman construction; unipotent representations. Information: D. A. Vogan

18.769 Topics in Lie Theory

( ) Prereq: Permission of instructor Units: 3-0-9 Topics vary from year to year. Information: D. A. Vogan

18.781 Theory of Numbers

( ) Prereq: None Units: 3-0-9 URL: http://math.mit.edu/classes/18.781 An elementary introduction to number theory with no algebraic prerequisites. Primes, congruences, quadratic reciprocity, diophantine equations, irrational numbers, continued fractions, partitions. R. P. Stanley

18.782 Introduction to Arithmetic Geometry

( ) Prereq: 18.702 Units: 3-0-9 URL: http://math.mit.edu/classes/18.782 Uses ideas from algebra to study rational points on plane conics and elliptic curves. Includes an introduction to p-adic numbers and a brief introduction to algebraic geometry. Information: J. McKernan

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18.783 Elliptic Curves

( ) (H except 18) Prereq: None. Coreq: 18.702, 18.703, or permission of instructor Units: 4-0-8 Computationally focused introduction to elliptic curves, with applications to number theory and cryptography. Topics include point-counting, isogenies, pairings, and the theory of complex multiplication. Explores how the rich theory of elliptic curves facilitates the design of efficient algorithms that play a key role in practical applications, including integer factorization, primality proving, and, in particular, elliptic curve cryptography. Students should have a working knowledge of standard algebraic structures (groups, rings, and fields) and computational complexity (big-O notation). A. Sutherland

18.784 Seminar in Number Theory

( ) Prereq: 18.06, 18.100 Units: 3-0-9 URL: http://math.mit.edu/classes/18.784 Topics vary from year to year. Students present and discuss the subject matter. Instruction and practice in written and oral communication provided. Enrollment limited. A. Kumar

18.785 Analytic Number Theory

( ) Prereq: 18.112 Units: 3-0-9 URL: http://math.mit.edu/classes/18.785 Introduction to the analytic theory of automorphic forms. Constructing L-functions with analytic continuation and functional equation, spectral theory of automorphic forms, Eisenstein and Poincare series, character sums, central values of L-functions and applications. Background in elementary number theory, e.g., 18.781, strongly recommended. J.-L. Kim

18.786 Algebraic Number Theory

( ) Prereq: 18.100; 18.702 Units: 3-0-9 URL: http://math.mit.edu/classes/18.786 An introduction to algebraic number theory. Dedekind domains, unique factorization of prime ideals. Number fields, splitting of primes, class group. Lattice methods, finiteness of the class number, Dirichlet's units theorem. Local fields, ramification, discriminants. Background in elementary number theory (e.g., 18.781) strongly recommended. A. Kumar

18.787 Topics in Number Theory

( ) Prereq: Permission of instructor Units: 3-0-9 URL: http://math.mit.edu/classes/18.787/ Lecture: TR1-2.30 (2-151) Topics vary from year to year. S. W. Shin No required or recommended textbooks

18.821 Project Laboratory in Mathematics

( , ) Prereq: Two mathematics subjects numbered 18.100 or above Units: 3-6-3 URL: http://math.mit.edu/classes/18.821/ Lecture: MF1-2.30 (4-159) Guided research in mathematics, employing the scientific method. Students confront puzzling and complex mathematical situations, through the acquisition of data by computer, pencil and paper, or physical experimentation, and attempt to explain them mathematically. Students choose three projects from a large collection of options. Each project results in a

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laboratory report subject to revision; oral presentation on one or two projects. Projects drawn from many areas, including dynamical systems, number theory, algebra, fluid mechanics, asymptotic analysis, knot theory, and probability. Enrollment limited. Fall: R. P. Stanley Spring: H. Miller No required or recommended textbooks

Topology and Geometry

18.901 Introduction to Topology
( , ) (H except 18) Prereq: 18.100 or permission of instructor Units: 3-0-9 URL: http://math.mit.edu/classes/18.901/ Lecture: TR11-12.30 (4-159) +final Introduces topology, covering topics fundamental to modern analysis and geometry. Topological spaces and continuous functions, connectedness, compactness, separation axioms, and selected further topics such as function spaces, embedding theorems, dimension theory, or covering spaces and the fundamental group. Fall: J. R. Munkres Spring: G. Lusztig Textbooks (Fall 2012)

18.904 Seminar in Topology

( ) Prereq: 18.901 Units: 3-0-9 URL: http://math.mit.edu/classes/18.904/ Topics vary from year to year and include the fundamental group and covering spaces. Time permitting, also covers the relationship between these objects and the theory of knots. Students present and discuss the subject matter. Instruction and practice in written and oral communication provided. Enrollment limited. Information: H. Miller

18.905 Algebraic Topology I

( ) Prereq: 18.701 or 18.703; 18.901 Units: 3-0-9 URL: http://math.mit.edu/classes/18.905/ Lecture: MW9.30-11 (2-142) +final Singular homology, CW complexes, universal coefficient and Kunneth theorems, cohomology, cup products, Poincare duality. G. Tabuada No required or recommended textbooks

18.906 Algebraic Topology II

( ) Prereq: 18.905 Units: 3-0-9 URL: http://math.mit.edu/classes/18.906/ Continues the introduction to Algebraic Topology from 18.905. Topics include basic homotopy theory, spectral sequences, characteristic classes, and cohomology operations. M. J. Behrens

18.915 Graduate Topology Seminar

( ) Prereq: 18.906 Units: 3-0-9 URL: http://math.mit.edu/classes/18.915/ Lecture: TR1-2.30 (2-131) Study and discussion of important original papers in the various parts of algebraic topology. Open to all students who have

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taken 18.906 or the equivalent, not only prospective topologists. C. Barwick No required or recommended textbooks

18.917 Topics in Algebraic Topology

( ) Prereq: 18.906 Units: 3-0-9 URL: http://math.mit.edu/classes/18.917/ Lecture: MWF11 (2-147) Content varies from year to year. Introduces new and significant developments in algebraic topology with the focus on homotopy theory and related areas. H. R. Miller No required or recommended textbooks

18.937 Topics in Geometric Topology

( ) Prereq: Permission of instructor Units: 3-0-9 URL: http://math.mit.edu/classes/18.937 Content varies from year to year. Introduces new and significant developments in geometric topology. P. Seidel

18.950 Differential Geometry

( ) (H except 18) Prereq: 18.100; 18.06, 18.700, or 18.701 Units: 3-0-9 URL: http://math.mit.edu/classes/18.950/ Introduction to differential geometry, centered on notions of curvature. Starts with curves in the plane, and proceeds to higher dimensional submanifolds. Computations in coordinate charts: first and second fundamental form, Christoffel symbols. Discusses the distinction between extrinsic and intrinsic aspects, in particular Gauss' theorema egregium. The Gauss-Bonnet theorem. Geodesics. Examples such as hyperbolic space. T. H. Colding

18.952 Theory of Differential Forms

( ) Prereq: 18.101; 18.700 or 18.701 Units: 3-0-9 URL: http://math.mit.edu/classes/18.952/ Multilinear algebra: tensors and exterior forms. Differential forms on R : exterior differentiation, the pull-back operation and the Poincare lemma. Applications to physics: Maxwell's equations from the differential form perspective. Integration of forms on open sets of R . The change of variables formula revisited. The degree of a differentiable mapping. Differential forms on manifolds and De Rham theory. Integration of forms on manifolds and Stokes' theorem. The push-forward operation for forms. Thom forms and intersection theory. Applications to differential topology. V. W. Guillemin
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18.965 Geometry of Manifolds

( ) Prereq: 18.101, 18.102, or 18.103 Units: 3-0-9 URL: http://math.mit.edu/classes/18.965 Lecture: TR9.30-11 (2-136) No textbook information available

18.966 Geometry of Manifolds

( ) Prereq: 18.965 Units: 3-0-9 URL: http://math.mit.edu/classes/18.966

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Differential forms, introduction to Lie groups, the DeRham theorem, Riemannian manifolds, curvature, the Hodge theory. 18.966 is a continuation of 18.965 and focuses more deeply on various aspects of the geometry of manifolds. Contents vary from year to year, and can range from Riemannian geometry (curvature, holonomy) to symplectic geometry, complex geometry and Hodge-Kahler theory, or smooth manifold topology. Prior exposure to calculus on manifolds, as in 18.952, is recommended. Fall: T. H. Colding Spring: L. Guth

18.969 Topics in Geometry

( ) Prereq: 18.965 Units: 3-0-9 URL: http://math.mit.edu/classes/18.969/ Content varies from year to year. W. Minicozzi

18.979 Graduate Geometry Seminar

( ) Prereq: Permission of instructor Units: 3-0-9 URL: http://math.mit.edu/classes/18.979 Content varies from year to year. Study of classical papers in geometry and in applications of analysis to geometry and topology. Information: R. B. Melrose

18.994 Seminar in Geometry

( ) Prereq: 18.101, 18.102, 18.103, or 18.112 Units: 3-0-9 Lecture: MWF1 (2-151) Students present and discuss subject matter taken from current journals or books. Topics vary from year to year. Instruction and practice in written and oral communication provided. Enrollment limited. Information: R. B. Melrose No textbook information available

18.999 Research in Mathematics

( , , ) Prereq: Permission of instructor Units arranged TBA. Opportunity for study of graduate-level topics in mathematics under the supervision of a member of the department. For graduate students desiring advanced work not provided in regular subjects. Information: B. Poonen, G. Staffilani No required or recommended textbooks

18.UR Undergraduate Research

( , ) Prereq: Permission of instructor Units arranged [P/D/F] TBA. Undergraduate research opportunities in mathematics. Permission required in advance to register for this subject. For further information, consult the departmental coordinator. Information: H. R. Miller Textbooks arranged individually (Summer 2012); No required or recommended textbooks (Fall 2012)

18.THG Graduate Thesis

( , ) Prereq: Permission of instructor Units arranged

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TBA. Program of research leading to the writing of a Ph.D. thesis; to be arranged by the student and an appropriate MIT faculty member. Information: B. Poonen, G. Staffilani Textbooks arranged individually (Summer 2012); No required or recommended textbooks (Fall 2012)

18.S096, 18.S097 Special Subject in Mathematics

( , , ) Prereq: Permission of instructor Units arranged 18.S096: TBA. 18.S097: TBA. Opportunity for group study of subjects in mathematics not otherwise included in the curriculum. Offerings are initiated by members of the Mathematics faculty on an ad hoc basis, subject to departmental approval. Information: H. Miller 18.S096: No textbook information available 18.S097: No textbook information available

18.S995 Special Subject in Mathematics

( ) Prereq: Permission of instructor Units arranged Lecture: TR2.30-4 (2-131) No required or recommended textbooks

18.S996 Special Subject in Mathematics

( ) Prereq: Permission of instructor Units arranged URL: http://math.mit.edu/classes/18.S996/ TBA. No textbook information available

18.S997 Special Subject in Mathematics

( ) Prereq: Permission of instructor Units arranged URL: http://math.mit.edu/classes/18.S997/ Lecture: MWF2 (2-151) No textbook information available

18.S998 Special Subject in Mathematics

( , , ) Prereq: Permission of instructor Units arranged URL: http://math.mit.edu/classes/18.S998/ TBA. Opportunity for group study of advanced subjects in mathematics not otherwise included in the curriculum. Offerings are initiated by members of the Mathematics faculty on an ad hoc basis, subject to departmental approval. Information: H. Miller No textbook information available

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Fall 2012 Course 18: Mathematics

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