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Questions 1 25 are based on the given stimuli. Study the information carefully and choose the best answer.

German medical researchers have found that sildenafil enables climbers to better tolerate hypoxia, or lack of oxygen while scaling mountains. Hypoxia causes altitude sickness by constricting lung blood vessels, as well as triggering other changes in the heart and lungs. 1 What is sildenafil used for? A B C D To produce oxygen. To repair lung blood vessels. To trigger changes in the heart. To relieve altitude sickness.

When a bee or a hummingbird collects nectar from a flower, pollen is brushed onto its body and then rubbed off on the next flower. Certain plants have fruits with indigestible seeds that pass through an animals body. Some fruits cling to an animals fur while other plants rely on the wind to disperse the seeds. 2 From the text above, how many methods of seed dispersal are mentioned? A Two B Three C Four D Five

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Viruses are the smallest of all infectious agents, averaging about 100 nanometres in length. They have so few genes and proteins that, in order to reproduce, they have to commandeer the components of the cells they invade. 3 Which of the following statements is not true? A B C D Viruses are minute organisms. Viruses have limited genes and proteins. Viruses must reproduce before invading other cells. Viruses are dependent on other cells to reproduce.

Meat extract is made from fresh, lean meat in a vacuum kettle. The meat is boiled until it loses all its colour and the water turns brown. Then the meat is removed and the juice boiled again until most of the liquid has evaporated. As the remaining extract cools, it forms a paste.

What is the main idea about meat extract? A B C D It is derived from dehydrated meat. It is obtained by boiling meat juice. It is a colourless semi-solid It is a fat-free liquid.

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Titanium alloys are used in the wings of supersonic aircrafts and space shuttles where, unlike aluminium, they maintain their strength as they heat up at high speeds. 5 What does the word strength suggest about titanium alloys? A B C D The composition of combined metals. The speed at which they travel. The ability to withstand heat. The altitude achieved.

Most scientists believe that the Moon was formed from the ejected material after the Earth collided with a Mars-sized object. This catastrophic collision occurred about 60 million years after Earth was formed about 4.3 billion years ago. 6 Which statement best describes the formation of the moon? A B C D The Moon was formed later than the Earth. The Moon was formed earlier than the Earth. The Moon was formed when it crashed into Mars. The Moon was formed when the Earth crashed into Mars.

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Scrap metal, together with lime, is placed in a large furnace and heated until it melts. Impurities in the steel combine with the lime to form slag. The purified steel is then separated from the slag. 7 What is the purpose of the above process? A B C D To manufacture slag from scrap metal. To manufacture scrap metal from slag. To extract scrap metal from steel. To extract steel from scrap metal.

Why is lime added to the scrap metal? A B C D To get rid of impurities. To melt the scrap metal. To heat up the furnace. To purify the slag.

Layers or strata of clouds form when air rises slowly over a large area. Altostratus and Cirrostratus clouds form at high levels with the latter reaching a higher altitude. At a lower level, Nimbostratus clouds form followed by Stratus clouds which form near the Earths surface. 9 Choose the correct sequence of the formation of strata clouds according to their height in descending order. A B C D Cirrostratus - Altostratus - Stratus - Nimbostratus Cirrostratus - Altostratus - Nimbostratus - Stratus Altostratus - Cirrostratus - Stratus - Nimbostratus Altostratus - Cirrostratus - Nimbostratus - Stratus

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An invertebral disc consists of a jelly-like core surrounded by a fibrous cover. It lies directly in between two vertebrae and acts as a shock absorber. A slipped disc occurs when the fibrous cover develops a crack and the jelly-like material inside bulges out. It may push on a nerve and cause pain. 10 Which of the following is true about the invertebral disc? A B C D It functions as a primary pain sensor. It surrounds two overlapping vertebrae. It induces shock in the vertebral column. It consists of a tough exterior and a soft interior.

The rocks of the continents are rich in silica and aluminium, grouped together as sial. The rocks beneath the oceans are rich in silicon and magnesium, grouped together as sima. They continue deep beneath the rocks of the continents. Therefore, the continents are like huge rafts of sial floating in the sima. 11 What can we conclude from the above text? A B C D Sial has a lower density than sima. Silicon is rich in aluminium and magnesium. Aluminium and silicon have the same density. Aluminium and magnesium are always grouped together.

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Conventional protective vests heat up the body so much that firemen find the heat too unbearable to carry out their work. Scientists have designed a new protective vest with a series of pipes filled with vapour that soaks up the heat and releases it via a vent. The vest allows firemen to work four times longer in temperatures above 95oC. 12 What is the advantage of the new protective vest? A B C D It contains heat-resistant vapour. It reduces the temperature of the fire. It dissipates the body heat more efficiently. It utilises conventional heat radiation techniques.

Asphalt, a black cement-like substance, is separated from crude petroleum by refining methods that also produce gasoline, kerosene and other products. Usually gasoline and other products with low boiling points are removed by a distillation process. The oil that remains is commonly called topped crude which is refined to produce asphalt. 13 Which of the following statements is true? A B C D Topped crude has a low boiling point. Topped crude has a high boiling point. Crude petroleum is derived from topped crude. Crude petroleum is also known as topped crude.

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SULIT Sulphuric acid Tataric acid Nitric acid Hydrocholric acid 14

8 To make detergents and car batteries To make soft drinks To make plastics and explosives To make disinfectants and liquid washing agents

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Which of the following is probably used to make bleach? A B C D Hydrochloric acid. Sulphuric acid. Tataric acid. Nitric acid.

When the eggs of pinworms are swallowed, they hatch in the gut. Within two or four weeks, the female adult worms move down the gut to the anus where they lay thousands of tiny eggs. The glue that helps the eggs stick to the anus causes the skin to itch. The eggs can stick to the fingers or under the fingernails and are easily transferred to the mouth, food or other people. 15 Which of the following shows the lifecycle of the pinworm? A B C D Mouth anus gut fingers Mouth gut anus mouth Gut anus finger fingernails Anus gut fingernails mouth

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Carbon monoxide is a colourless, odourless, neutral gaseous oxide. It is sparingly soluble in water but is soluble in ethanol and benzene. It has a melting point of -199oC and a boiling point of 91.5oC. Carbon monoxide is a flammable and highly toxic gas. It is a neutral oxide which burns in air to give carbon dioxide. It is a good reducing agent and is widely used in the chemical industry. 16 Why is carbon monoxide widely used in the chemical industry? A B C D It is a good reducing agent. It has a high boiling point. It is flammable. It is neutral.

Age Group Infants Children Adults Elderly 17

Calorie Requirement (kJ) Males 3250 8250 12000 9000 Females 3000 8000 9000 7000

What can we conclude from the above table? A B C D Children need more calories than adults. Elderly people need more calories than infants. Elderly females need more calories than children. Elderly males need more calories than adult females.

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Pills are mixed with solid citric acid and a solid carbonate to assist in their dissolution. When the pills are put into water, the citric acid forms hydrogen ions which react with the carbonate to produce bubbles of carbon dioxide gas. It is these gas bubbles that spread the medicine throughout the water. 18 Which of the following make the pills dissolve faster? A B C D Carbon dioxide bubbles. Solid carbonate crystals. Solid citric acid. Hydrogen ions.

When the sugar cane arrives at the mill, shredders and crushers extract the juice and create bagasse, a fibre that can be burned to heat the cane juice. Heating the juice evaporates excess water and condenses the juice into thick syrup. Sugar granules act as seed crystals, making the dissolved sugar in the syrup crystallise. When the sugar has crystallised in the syrup, the mixture is spun in a centrifuge. This separates the remaining syrup, called molasses, from the raw sugar crystals. 19 Why are the sugar granules added to the syrup? A B C D They fortify the syrup. They emulsify the syrup. They regulate the production of sugar crystals. They facilitate the formation of sugar crystals.

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A B C D

1 2 3 4

The contour feathers found in the tail and wings of birds are long and used as a device for flight. The plumules or down traps heat to keep the birds warm. Their barbs act as interlocking devices to hold the feathers in shape. They are crucial to keep the feathers sturdy during flight. The filoplumes or hair feathers are not as fluffy as down but are also used to keep the birds warm. 21 Based on the text, which of the following pairs is incorrectly matched? Type of feather A B C Contour feathers Plumules Barbs Insulation Protection Function Aerodynamics

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Geostationary satellites orbit at the same rate as the Earth turns on its axis. They have high orbits and are placed at the height of 36,000 kilometres above the Earths equator and take exactly one day to complete an orbit. 22 What makes a geostationary satellite appear to stay in the same position in the sky? A B C D It has a similar axis to that of the Earths. It takes 24 hours to complete one orbit around the Earth. It takes longer to revolve round the Earth due to its high orbit. It is located at a height of 36,000 kilometres above the equator.

MP3 is a popular audio encoding format. It is designed to greatly reduce the amount of data required to represent the audio recording, yet still sound like a faithful reproduction of the original uncompressed audio. MP3 is an audio-specific format. It provides a representation of pulse-code modulationencoded audio in much less space than straightforward methods, by using psychoacoustic models to discard components less audible to human hearing, and recording the remaining information in an efficient manner. 23 What is the advantage of MP3? A MP3 produces similar sound to an audio recording. B MP3 produces better sound quality than the original source. C Audio recording in MP3 format takes up more data space. D Audio recording in MP3 format filters unnecessary sounds.

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Nanotechnology is the science of manipulating the tiniest units of matter and making use of the unusual properties many substances exhibit at these almost incomprehensible scales. 24 What is the text mainly about? A B C D Effects of nanotechnology. Causes of nanotechnology. Functions of nanotechnology Limitations of nanotechnology

The sun constantly emits streams of electrically charged particles called solar wind, which is mainly responsible for the weather conditions in space around the Earth. Sometimes, huge blasts of particles are ejected, making the solar wind stronger. This can disrupt the Earths magnetic field, which affects compasses and interferes with radio signals. 25 Which of the following will not be affected by very strong solar winds? A B C D Talking on a mobile phone. Watching a live telecast via satellite. Determining directions using a compass. Listening to a song on a portable MP3 player.

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Fluid lava usually wells up fairly slowly, giving plenty of time for any gases to escape. Such volcanic eruptions are peaceful but the fluid lava may flow great __26___ to form a very large volcano with a gently sloping dome. Thicker lava traps gas 27 which may burst at the surface and send a shower a lot of ash and form of lava and volcanic bombs. These explosive eruptions 28 Really thick lava hardly flows at all. It is 29

steep-sided cinder cones which often have a beautiful symmetrical shape. out of the volcano like a toothpaste from a tube. Sometimes such lava forms a volcano plug and gases __ 30 up inside. These may eventually make the whole volcano explode.

26

A B C D

areas depths volumes distances ripples bubbles currents torrents distil display displace

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A B C D

28

A B C

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KERTAS SOALAN TAMAT

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