1. Computer Lab management 1.

1 Computer Lab Regulations Lab Management In order to make sure our computer lab clean and tidy there are several rules to guide students. Computer Lab Rules. 1. Keep the computer lab clean regularly. 2. Food and drink not allowed. 3. Watch your behave. 4. Do not change the computers setting. 5. Make sure your storage device free from viruses. 6. Use the computer carefully. 7. Broken Equipment :Do not try to repair equipment yourself. If you encounter problems with equipment, you should report this to the lab supervisor or teacher. 8. Do not place the computer near open windows or doors 9. Do not subject the computer to extreme temperatures 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. Use a surge protector Store disks properly in a locked container Maintain backup copies of all files Stores copies of critical files off sites Scan a floppy disk before you open it Do not open any unknown email received

2. Computer Hardware
2.2 Componen t Computers and Parts 2.2.1 Overview of the computer system OVERVIEW OF COMPUTER SYSTEM

These devices are exampl es of computer hardware. A computer system needs to have these hardware to function.

COMPUTER SYSTEM A computer system is defin ed as combin ation of components designed to process data and store files. A computer system consists of four major hardware compon ents; input devices, output devices, processor and storage devices. A computer system requires hardware, software and a user to fully function.

Software refers to set of instructions that tell the hardware what to do. Software can also have various other functions such as performing computation, communication with other software and human interaction. User refers to a person who uses the computer for any purposes such as work, business and entertainmen t. COMPUTER HARDWARE Computer hardware consists of:

input devices processor output devices storage devices

Input Devices Input devices feed data or commands in a form that the computer can use. Example of input devices are:

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.

Keyboard Light Pen Joystick Microphon e Mouse Video Digital camera.

Processor The CPU is an example of a processor. It has the same important as the brain to human being.

Output Devices Output devices such as the monitor shows peopl e the process data or information. This type of information can be understood and use by computer user. Other example of output devices are: 1. 2. 3. Printer Plotter Speak er

Storage Devices Storage usually means secondary storage. It consists secondary storage devices such as hardisk, Floppy Disk, diskette, CD ROM and DVD ROM. COMPUTER SOFTWARE There a 2 types of computer software, system software and application software. System software is any computer software that helps to run computer system. System software controls, integrate and manages the individual compon ent of a computer system.

INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTER SYSTEM COMPUTER HARDWARE BLOCK DIAGRAM

An Input device feed raw data to the processor. A processor processes raw data and turns it into useful information. A storage device keeps or stores both process and unprocess data for later usage. An output device shows or display the processed data.

2. Computer Hardware 2.2.2 System unit What is system unit? System unit is a box-like case that contains electronic components of the computer. It is sometimes called chassis. Figure 1 shows a few examples of system unit. Inside view of system unit

Front layer of a system unit

Figure 3 Front View of a System Unit

Input / Output port ( I/O port )

Figure 4 Back View of a System Unit

Functions of the main components of a system unit

Components Functions

No. 1.

Input / Output port A port is the point at which a peripheral attaches to a (I/O port) system unit so that the peripheral is able to send data and receive information from the computer. An external device, such as a keyboard, monitor, printer, mouse and microphone, that is attached by a cable to a port on the system unit. The back of the system unit contains so many ports. Some newer personal computers also have ports on the front of the system unit. Ports have different types of connectors. A connector joins a cable to a peripheral. One end of a cable attaches to the connector on the system unit and the other end of the cable attaches to a connector on the peripheral. Power button Reset button To turn the computer on Restating the computer, instructs the computer to go through the process of shutting down, which would clear the memory and reset devices to their initialized state. It simply removes power immediately. Main circuit board of the system unit, it has some electronic components attached to it. Converts standard electrical power into a form that, the computer can use. If a power supply is not providing the necessary power, the computer will not function properly.

2. 3.

4.

Motherboard

5.

Power Supply

6.

DVD-ROM drive

A device that reads DVD-ROM, audio CDs, CD-ROMSs, CD-Rs and CD-RWs. A device that reads audio CDs, CD-ROMs, CD-Rs and CDRWs.

7.

CD-ROM drive

8.

DVD/CD-RW drive A combination drive that reads DVD and CD media, and writes to CD-RW media. Zip drive Floppy drive Hard disk drive A high-capacity disk drive that reads from and writes on a Zip disk. A device that reads from and writes on a floppy disk A Type of storage device that contains one or more inflexible, circular platters that store data, instructions and information.

9. 10. 11.

. Computer Hardware
2.2.3 Peripherals Activity 1: Definition & types of peripheral A. PERIPHERAL DEVICE Peripheral (Figure 1) are pieces of computer hardware that are added to a host computer, i.e. any hardware except the computer, in order to expand its abilities. Most of those devices are option al in nature. External hardware devices attach ed to the computer are called peripheral equipments. There are three types of peripheral: a Input devices b Output devices c Storage devices

Figure 1 Exampl es of peripherals

B. INPUT DEVICES Input devices are any electronic device that are connected to a computer and produ ces input signals. Figure 2 shows some examples of computer input devices

Figure 2 Exampl es of Input Devices C. OUTPUT DEVICES Output devices are the result of data processing activity when it is presented externally to the system. It is a hardware that is capabl e of delivering or showing information to one or more users. The output from a computer can be in printed or displayed form (see Figure 3).

Figure 3 Exampl es of Output Devices

D. STORAGE DEVICES

Computer storage is the holding of data in an electromagn etic form, for access by a computer processor. Information and docu ments are stored in a computer storage so that it can be retrieved whenever they are needed later on. Figure 4 are examples of storage Figure 4 Exampl es of Storage Devices Activity 2: Differen t types & the functions of peripheral a. Printers A printer is an output device to print text or graphics on mediums such as paper, transparency film or even cloths. A photo printer is a colour printer that produ ces photoquality pictures.

Figure 5 Examples of printers

C. LCD Projector

LCD projector is a type of video projector for displaying video, images or computer data on a screen or other flat surface such as on to a wall or screen. It is a modern slide projector.

D. Digital cameras Digital cameras are electronic devices used to capture and store photographs digitally. They use memory card instead of photographic film like con ventional cameras or recording images in an anal og format to magn etic tape like many video cameras. Modern compact digital cameras are typically multifunctional, with some devices capable of recording sound and video as well as photographs.

E. External CD Drives The external DVD/CD-RW combo drive functions as a DVD player, a CD-RW drive and a CD-ROM drive. This allows you to install computer applications, files, music and movies on CD. It is easy to be carried around.

F. External Storages External storage is an alternative storage. It is very useful to store programs and data for future use. The storage is required for two reasons: 1. 2. The working memory of the CPU is limited in size and cannot always hold the amount of data required. Data and programmes in storage do not disappear when the power is turned off.