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Example:RoofTrussAnalysis
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Inthisexample,aparallelchordsteelrooftrussisanalyzedfortypicaldeadandroofliveloads.The
photobelowshowsatrussgirder(paintedgray)supportingtheroofofagymnasium.
Figure1.Trussgirders(gray)supportingbarjoists(white)supportingmetalroofdeckforagymnasium
Thetrussgirderinthephotoissupportedbycolumns(notseeninFigure1)andsupportsbarjoistsat
thepanelpoints(chordconnections)andmidwaybetweenthepanelpoints.Asimilartrussgirderis
analyzedinthisexample,exceptthatthebarjoistsarelocatedatthepanelpointsonly.Information
abouttrussgirdermembersispresentedbelow.
Table1.Trussgirdercomponents.
TypeMember
Shape
AvailableStrength(Pn)
Chords
WT6x20
160k(compression)
Diagonals
LL2.5x2.0x3/16
73k(tension)
Verticals
LL2.5x2.5x3/16
43k(compression)
Thetotalweightoftrussgirder(selfweight)is4.05k,andthebarjoistsweigh9plf.Otherroof
componentsarelistedbelow.
Roof&Ceiling:
20gametaldeck
Waterproofmembranewithgravel
1thickPerliteinsulatingroofboards
Heating&coolingductwork
Steelsuspendedceiling
AcousticFiberBoard
Example:RoofTrussAnalysis
CE331,Fall2010
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8@10
3@25
barjoists
3@25
trussgirder
column
PlanView
metaldecking
8@10
barjoist
trussgirder
FrontElevationView
SideElevationofRoofFraming
ExampleRoofTrussAnalysis
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Stability&Determinacy
StructuralModelofTruss
assumethattrussisexternallystaticallydeterminateforgravityloads
Num_Forces =33+3=
Num_Eqns =18x2=
36
36
thereforestable&determinate
DeadLoad
Roof&CeilingWt:
20gametaldeck
Waterproofmembranewithgravel
Fiberglassinsulation
Heating&coolingductwork
Steelsuspendedceiling
AcoustisFiberBoard
weight,psf
2.5
5.5
0.7
4
2
1
Total
trussgirderselfwt
barjoistwt
15.7
4.05
9
psf use
=4.05k/(80ftx25ft)=
16
psf
2.03
18.03
psf
psf
plf
PDint (deadloadataninteriorpanelpoint)
=18.025psfx25ftx10ft=
4.51
=9plfx25ft=
0.225
4.73
D
P ext (deadloadatanexteriorpanelpoint)
=18.025psfx25ftx10/2ft=
2.25
=9plfx25ft=
0.225
2.48
k
k
k
dueroof,ceilingwt&trussgirder
duepurlinwt
k
k
k
dueroof,ceilingwt&trussgirder
duepurlinwt
7@4.73k
2.48k
2.48k
DeadLoadsonTrussGirder
ExampleRoofTrussAnalysis
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LiveLoad
Roofliveload=Lr=(20psf)R1
0.6<=R1<=1.0
R1=1.20.001At
At =25ftx10ft/panelx8panels=
2000
R1 =1.20.001x2000sf=
Lr =20psfx0.6=
sf
0.60
12
psf
PLrint =12psfx25ftx10ft=
3.00
dueroofliveload
PLrext =12psfx25ftx10/2ft=
1.50
dueroofliveload
7@3k
1.5k
1.5k
LiveLoadsonTrussGirder
FactoredLoad
D
Lr
Pu =1.2P +1.6P
PU_int =1.2(4.73k)+1.6(3k)=
10.476
PU_ext =1.2(2.48k)+1.6(1.5k)=
5.376
7@10.476k
5.376k
5.376k
FactoredLoadsonTrussGirder
ExampleRoofTrussAnalysis
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MaximumChordCompressiveForce
Drawdeflectedshapeofloadedtruss.Identifychordwithmax.compressiveforce.
Thetop"fibers"ofthebeamareincompression,and
thefibersinthemiddleofthebeamhavethemaximumcompression.
Therefore,thetopchordinthemiddleofthetrusshasthemax.compressiveforce.
CalculatetheforceinthetopchordofPanel#4
4@10.476k
5 376 k
5.376k
f_top
5
R =[7(10.476k)+2(5.376k)]/2=
42.042
M aboutPt5=0:
(f_top)(6ft)(42.042k5.376k)(4x10ft)+(3x10.476k)(20ft)=0
f_top
139.7
kinpanelsatmidspan
Checkthestrengthofthechords
factoredforceinmember(P u)<?Availablestrength(cPn)
Pu
CPn
139.7
160
OK
ExampleRoofTrussAnalysis
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MaximumDiagonalTensileForce
Lookingattheparallelchordtrussasifitwereabeam,themax.shearoccursnearthesupports
analagousbeam(assumeloadisuniformlydistributedalongbeam)
shear
bending
moment
Therefore cut the truss in the first panel to calculate max diagonal force
Therefore,cutthetrussinthefirstpaneltocalculatemax.diagonalforce
5.38 k
6 ft
f_diag
11.66 ft
10 ft
42.04 k
FV=0: 42.042k5.376k6/11.66xf_diag
f_diag
71.3
kinendpanels
Checkthestrengthofthediagonals
Tu
71.3
k
TPn
73
OK