HOMEWORK #5

MMAE 530 Advanced Mechanics of Solids

Fall 2011
Prof. M. Vural
(Due ???)



Problem 1. A student is trying to make a uniaxial compression test using a cylindrical specimen.
She glues a strain gage on the surface of specimen along the axial direction to measure axial
STRESS. However, she realizes that it is very difficult to glue the strain gage exactly in axial
direction and that the strain gage is always misoriented by an angle u with respect to the axial
direction. She asks for help from the lab technician, and he recommends her to use Tee gage
(Tee gage is composed of two perfectly orthogonal strain gages, and can measure strains in two
mutually perpendicular directions as shown below). How can she calculate the axial stress (o
1
)
by using the strain measurements from the Tee gage? Please help her.




Problem 2. For an isotropic, linearly elastic solid, derive the relation
) 1 ( 2 v

+
=
E

using only the stress-strain relation in terms of v , , E (without recourse to the Lame
constant ) and the transformation of coordinate axes.





u
u
o
1

o
1

o
1

o
1

Initial configuration
Recommendation of lab
technician
u is unknown
misorientation angle.


Problem 3. Consider the following stress-strain relations for an isotropic linear elastic solid:
ij ij kk ij
c o c o 2 + = , where and are Lames moduli (*)
(a) Using (*), write the expressions for
13 12 22 11
, , , o o o o without using the summation
convention. What are the units of and ?

(b) Show that for the state of uniaxial stress, we have
11 11
c o E = and
11 33 22
c v c c = =
where


+
+
=
) 2 3 (
E and
) ( 2

v
+
= . E and are called the Youngs modulus
and the Poissons ratio, respectively. What are the units of E and ? Sketch a circular
cylindrical body that is homogeneously deformed in the uniaxial stress state with a
tensile stress in the direction of the axis of the cylinder. Interpret
22 11
, c c and the
Poissons ratio in terms of the undeformed and deformed length and radius of the
cylinder.


Problem 4. For a linear elastic isotropic solid the constitutive behavior can be expressed with
ij ij kk ij
c o c o 2 + =
or alternatively with
kl ijkl ij
C c o =
Show that
) (
jk il jl ik kl ij ijkl
C o o o o o o + + =


Problem 5. Deviatoric stress (
ij
S ) and deviatoric strain (
ij
e ) are defined as in the following
ij ij ij kk ij ij
p S o o o o o + = =
3
1

ij ij ij kk ij ij
d
e o c o c c
3 3
1
= =
where
kk
p o
3
1
= is hydrostatic pressure and
kk
d c = is volumetric strain (dilation). Show
that, for a linear elastic and isotropic solid, the constitutive behavior can alternatively be
expressed with
ij ij
e S 2 = and d K p =
Comment on this alternative expression of constitutive response.