Oxyrhynchus Papyrus III 466 (P. Oxy.

III,466)
English Translation by Michael B. Poliakoff
Papyrus Oxyrhynchus III 466 (P. Oxy. III,466) is a fragmentary 2nd century Greek papyrus manuscript containing instructions for wrestling, including the description of various grips and holds, constituting the earliest European martial arts manual.

You stand up to his side, attack with your foot and tangle. You throw him. You stand up and turn around. You tangle. You throw him. You sweep and knock his foot out. Stand to the side of your opponent and with your right arm take a headlock and tangle. You take a hold around him. You get under his hold. You step through and tangle. You underhook with your right arm. You wrap your arm around his, where he has taken the underhook, and attack the side with your left foot. You push away with your left hand. You force the hold and tangle. You turn around. You tangle with a grip on both sides. You throw your foot forward. You take a hold around his body. You step forward and force his head back. You face him and bend back and throw yourself into him, bracing your foot... Each instruction is followed by plexon () "tangle", translated by Miller (2004) as "mix it up!" (in the sense of "execute!"). Poliakoff (1987) translates "you fight it out". Samurai Chef (2012) translates it as and fight! as in when people say lets tangle! when they want to fight but here its more in a sparring sense.