VV College of Engineering

Tisaiyanvilai, Tirunelveli District

HS2161 Technical English II

Two Marks Questions and Answers

(Based on Anna University Syllabus)
A. Technical Vocabulary 1. nutrition - nourishment 2. holistic - seeing as a whole 3. indispensable - necessary 4. amalgamation - bringing together 5. stagnant - not moving 6. alternative - substitute 7. constructive - useful 8. glorify - praise 9. aggregate - intensity 10. assets - property 11. panorama - a view of landscape 12. inedible - unfit to eat 13.abnormality - required by written law 14. repercussion - a reciprocal action 15. breeder- producer 16. distress suffering 17. extraction taking out 18. collateral property pledged by a borrower 19. plying move between places 20. stringent severe 21. stray wandering 22. enforce make sure something is followed 23. fatal resulting in death 24. congestion abnormal accumulation of people, traffic 25. pedestrian a person who walks

26. violation non- observance 27. Regulations rules 28. complex intricate 29. Device instrument 30. diversion turning aside 31. capacity ability 32. erosion wearing away 33. permeability passing through 34. significantly markedly 35. augmentation increase 36. implement tool 37. consumption use 38. spell a condition caused by magical power 9. nucleus central part of the atom 40. uranium metallic element 41. fission division of the atom 42. disposal getting rid of 43. core the innermost part 44. coolant cooling fluid 45. radiation giving out rays 46. contamination pollution 47 chip device composed of silicon 48. fiction not factual 49. fantasy wild imagination 50. extraterrestrial not belong to the earth 51. jeopardy danger 52. innovations introduction of new things or changes 53. indigenous native 54. ballast crushed gravel 55. conventional traditional 56. sophistication complexity 57. inadvertently without paying attention 58. tranquil calm, peaceful 59. spectacular grand appearance 60. intact whole , unaffected 61. exotic strange , unusual, attractive 62. repository a place where things are stored 63. lush growing thickly 64. diversity variety, having difference 65. exploitation using,usually unfairly, for one's own benefit 66. coagulum obtaining juices by crushing , boiling 67. husk dry outer covering of grain 68. technology scientific knowledge needed for industry 69. appropriate suitable 70. indispensable necessary 71. anticipate consider beforehand 72. casually unplanned, careless manner 73. feedback response 74. instantly immediately 75. informal relaxed and friendly 76.Catchment reservoir

77. repercussion reciprocal action 78. submergence being placed under water 79. conservation preservation 80. afforestation expansion of forests

B. WORD FORMATION Noun 1. Chemistry 2. Science 3. Education 4. Geology 5. Astronomy 6. Nature 7. Botany 8. Biology 9. Contribution 10. Projection 11. Organization 12. Ecology 13. Technology 14. Sociology 15. Physiology 16. Zoology 17. Statistics 18. Drama 19. Action 20. Magic 21. Competition 22. Production 23. Photograph 24. Economics 25. Bakery 26. Office 27. Optics 28. Industry 29. Mathematics 30. Electricity 31. Mechanics 32. Environment 33. Tradition 34. Biography 35. Physics 36. Building 37. Entertainment 38. History 39. Politics 40. Linguistics 41. Semantics Adjective Chemical Scientific Educational Geological Astronomical Natural Botanical Biological Contributory Projective Organizational Ecological Technological Sociological Physiological Zoological Statistical Dramatic Acting Magical Competitive Productive Photographic Economical Baked Official Optical Industrial Mathematical Electrical Mechanical Environmental Traditional Biographical Physical Building Entertaining Historical Political Linguistic Semantic Person concerned Chemist Scientist Educationalist Geologist Astronomer Naturalist Botanist Biologist Contributor Projector Organizer Ecologist Technologist Sociologist Physiologist Zoologist Statistician Dramatist Actor Magician Competitor Producer Photographer Economist Baker Officer Optician Industrialist Mathematician Electrician Mechanic Environmentalist Traditionalist Biographer Physicist Builder Entertainer Historian Politician Linguist Semanticist

42. Psychology 43. Diplomacy 44. Genetics 45. Cardiology

Psychological Diplomatic Genetic Cardiologic

Psychologist Diplomat Geneticist Cardiologist

C. PREFIXES AND SUFFIXES

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43.

supersonic : having a speed greater than that of sound ultraviolet :having wavelength beyond the violet end of the spectrum substandard : not having the required or normal quality hyper tension : Abnormal blood pressure sub continent : Large mass of land, but smaller than a continent Sub zero : Less than zero super conductivity : Having zero resistance Ultrasonic : having a pitch above the upper limit of human hearing super heat : Heating above boiling point without causing vaporization infra red : hose invisible rays below the red end of the spectrum subsonic : below the level of audibility international : Going beyond national limits multiracial : a nation having many races of people impractical : not practical para staff : supporting staff malfunction : not working properly undervalue : value something below the level belittle : make something unimportant empower : give more power sub sect : division within unofficial : not official supermarket : store where everything is available abnormal : Below normal immaterial : No reason accepted hyper sensitive : Excessively sensitive under estimate : Misjudge asymmetry : Not equal ambiguous : Two meaning/ not clear circumnavigate : Go round the earth dismiss : To send away disparity : Difference of opinion: anti pollution : Against pollution multipurpose : Used for many purpose multimillionaire : One who owns millions of money multistoried : Having many floors preheat : heat before hand bilingual : speaking two languages faultless : without fault semiprecious : less valuable than a precious stone subtropical : near but not in the tropics ultramarine : brilliant deep blue underdeveloped : a country which is not very highly developed .underpaid : not earning enough

44. 45. 46. 47. 48. 49. 50.

interstate : between states megastar / superstar : very big star mismatch : wrong match disown : refuse to own unbearable : that cannot be tolerated or endured self governing : autonomous ultravenous : in or into veins

D. EXTENDED DEFINITION

1. Cell phone: A Cell phone or a Cellular phone is a telephone that does not have any wires. It
works by radio. One can carry it anywhere and use it. It is otherwise called a mobile phone. It helps in communication from one part of the world to another part of the world. 2. Calculator: A calculator is an electronic device used to perform arithmetic and logical calculations. It works on solar energy. It is small and handy. It is portable. It is of different sizes and shapes. There are two types of calculators scientific and ordinary calculator. 3. Solar cell: A solar cell is also called photovoltaic cell. It is a solid state electrical device that converts the energy of sunlight directly into electricity by the photovoltaic effect .The energy generated from these solar modules, referred to as solar power, is an example of solar energy 4. Barometer: A barometer is a scientific instrument used in meteorology to measure atmospheric pressure. It can measure the pressure exerted by the atmosphere by using water,air,or mercury. Pressure tendency can forecast short term changes in the weather. 5. Seismograph: A seismograph is the device that scientists used to measure earthquakes. The goal of a seismograph is to accurately record the motion of the ground during an earthquake. It measures ground oscillations by recording the relative motion between a pendulum and the ground. 6. Microprocessor: A microprocessor is a silicon chip which can do the same jobs as the parts inside a computer. It is a programmable logic device that had computing and decision making capability in the CPU. The first microprocessors emerged in the early 1970s and were used for electronic calculations. 7. Lap-top: A lap top is a portable computer. Hence it is very convenient compared to the other systems. And for this reason, a lap top is a store house of information as it serves as a ready reckoner. There are varieties of lap tops available in the market. Some of them are very light and small. 8. Blue tooth: Blue tooth is a wireless technology standard for exchanging data over short distances from fixed and mobile devices, creating personal area networks with high levels of security. It is a wireless communication with PC input and output devices. 9. An in-jet printer: An ink-jet printer is a device which cans printout information from a computer by firing tiny jets of ink on paper. It is an output device that helps to take hard copies of the typed matter or any visuals. The cost of ink-jet printer is cheaper compared to the laser printer. 10.Solar water heater: Solar water heater is heated by the use of solar energy. The system may use electricity for pumping the fluid, and have a reservoir or tank for heat storage and subsequent use. The systems may be used to heat water for a wide variety of uses, including home, business and industrial uses 11.Robot: A robot is a machine designed to execute one or more tasks repeatedly, with speed and precision. It can be controlled by a human operator, sometimes from a great distance. But most robots are controlled by computer.

12.i-pod: An i-Pod is a portable device for storing and playing audio files encoded by MP 3. The
larger i-Pod and the i-Pod Mini use an extremely small hard disk for storage. An i-pod is much more than just a little boombox 13.Compressor : The compressor is the first component in the engine core. It is made up of fans with many blades and it is attached to the shaft. The compressor squeezes the air and creates an increase in the air pressure. The squashed air is forced into the combustion chamber. 14.Battery:The battery is a device that provides electric current by converting chemical energy into electric energy. It is a collection of multiple electrochemical cells 15.Thermometer : A thermometer is a device that measures the temperature of things. The name is made up of two smaller words: "Thermo" means heat and meter means to measure. 16.Flow Chart: A flow chart is a graphical or symbolic representation of a process. Each step in the process is represented by a different symbol and contains a short description of the process step. The flow chart symbols are linked together with arrows showing the process flow direction. 17.Computer printer: Computer printer is a machine for printing text on paper . It is connected to the computer. All required matter can be typed or drawn on the monitor and the same can be taken as a print out using a computer printer. 18.Computer software : Computer software is a collection of computer programs and related data that provide the instructions telling a computer what to do and how to do it. In other words software is a set of programs, procedures, algorithms and its documentation. 19.Computer Key Board: A Computer keyboard is a data input device for computers. In computing, a keyboard is a typewriter keyboard, which uses an arrangement of buttons or keys, to act as mechanical levers or electronic switches. 20.Compact Disc: A compact disc (CD) is a small, portable, round medium made of molded polymer for electronically recording, storing, and playing back audio, video, text, and other information in digital form. 21.Computer virus : A computer virus is a small software program that spreads from one computer to another computer. A computer virus may corrupt or delete data on a computer, use an e-mail program to spread the virus to other computers, or even delete everything on the hard disk. 22.High Technology: High Technology is the technology based on modern machines. It is a high cost technology. Since it involves high cost machines maintenance becomes difficult. It involves trained persons because it may cause some environmental damage.

23.Appropriate Technology - Appropriate technology is a low cost technology which uses local
resources available. It is eco friendly. Since it uses the local resources it is easy to use. Its maintenance is also easy. It works on human power. 24.Laser Technology is the processing and welding of materials with laser radiation. Solid-state and gas pulsed and continuous-wave lasers are used. Laser technology basically uses the infrared lights produced from a laser to destroy some body or mass in relation to health care. 25.Traditional technology is the oldest technology which uses the men and material. It is the oldest form of technology. It uses the local resources available. It is a rustic form of technology. The sickle, plough etc are examples of traditional technology. Since it uses local resources it doesnt need any training. It doesnt need high level maintenance. It is environmentally harmless.

26.Antenna :An antenna (or aerial) is a transducer that transmits or receives electromagnetic
waves. In other words, antennas convert electromagnetic radiation into an electrical signal and vice versa. Antennas are used in systems such as radio and television broadcasting, point-to-

point radio communication, wireless LAN, cell phones,radar,and spacecraft communication.

27.A transformer is a static device that transfers electrical energy from one circuit to another
through inductively coupled conductorsthe transformer's coils. A varying current in the first or primary winding creates a varying magnetic flux in the transformer's core and thus a varying magnetic field through the secondary winding. This is used to step up or step down the voltage.

28.Hardware: Hardware is a general term for the artifacts of a technology. It may also mean the
physical components of a computer system , in the form of computer hardware. Modern hardware stores typically sell equipment such as keys, locks, hinges, latches, corners, handles, wire, chains, plumbing supplies, tools, utensils, cutlery and machine parts, especially when they are made of metal.

29.Microphone :The microphone works on the principle of electromagnetic induction. It converts

sound waves into electrical signals. Microphones are used in many applications such as telephones, tape recorders, hearing aids, radio and television broadcasting and in computers for recording voice etc.

30.Electrical generator :Electric generator is a device that converts mechanical energy to

electrical energy. A generator forces electrons in the windings to flow through the external electrical circuit. 31.Computer : A computer is an electronic machine that can store, organize and find information, do calculations and control other machines. With the internet connection, computers help us to have international network. It is a versatile machine. 32.Offset printing is also called offset lithography, is a method of mass-production printing in which the images on metal plates are transferred (offset) to rubber blankets or rollers and then to the print media. The main advantage of offset printing is its high and consistent image quality. 33.Lithography is a method for printing using a stone or a metal plate with a completely smooth surface and treated to retain ink while the non image areas are treated to repel ink .It can be used to print text or artwork onto paper or other suitable material 34.Printer is a peripheral which produces a hard copy of documents stored in electronic form, usually on physical print media such as paper. Many printers are primarily used as local peripherals , and are attached by a printer cable or, in most newer printers, a USB cable to a computer which serves as a document source.

E. Make the sentences express purpose using the hints given below : 1. Thermostat : maintain temperature at a constant level Thermostat is used to maintain temperature at a constant level 2. Barometer: Measures atmospheric pressure Barometer is used to measure atmospheric pressure 3. An experiment : demonstrates a principle An experiment is used to demonstrate a principle 4. A feasibility report: makes recommendations The purpose of a feasibility report is to make recommendations 5. Litmus test: identifies acids and alkalies Litmus test is used to identify acids and alkalies 6. Constructing a bypass road: reduces traffic congestion Constructing a bypass road is to reduce traffic congestion

7. Sending telegrams: ensure message reaches quickly Sending telegrams are used to ensure message reaches quickly 8. A flow chart : represents a process as a series of steps A flow chart is used to represent a process as a series of steps 9. Safety valve : release excess pressure The purpose of a safety valve is to release excess pressure. 10. Tempering steel : make it harder and less brittle. The purpose of tempering steel is to make it harder and less brittle 11. Catalyst: speed up chemical reaction Catalyst is used to speed up chemical reaction 12. Camera : take photographs Camera is used to take photographs F. Give the numerical expressions for the following : 1. a motor bike weighing 150 kilograms 2. a tank with a capacity of 250 liters 3. a D.C. supply of 240 volts 4. a lamp of a power of 60 watts 5. a cricket match lasting three days 6. a ten feet wide road 7. a room with a capacity of forty members 8. at interval of ten minutes 9. a spectrum of 7 colours 10. a lecture for 3 hours 11. a pipe with a length of 10 metres 12. a walk of five kilometers a 150 kilogram motor bike. a 250 liter tank a 240 volt D.C a 60 watt lamp a three day cricket match a ten foot road a 40 member capacity room a ten minute interval a seven colour spectrum a three hour lecture a ten meter pipe a five kilometer walk

G. Make sentences using the following words as nouns and as verbs 1. object Place the object in front of the light (N) He objects my decision (V) 2. convict He is a convict (N) He was convicted on a crime (V) 3. conduct His conduct is good(N) He conducts the programme (V) 4. last He was the last to leave. (N) The bad weather lasted for three days.(V) 5. Export The export of the country had decreased (N) We export petrol. (V) 6. contrast Increase the contrast of the picture (N) His brother contrast him (V)

7. produce The produce was distributed. (N) They produced good result.(V) 8. record He has finished writing the record (N) She recorded the voice (V) 9. perfect He is perfect in his activities (N) He perfected the matter (V) 10. project The project was successful (N) He projects the images on the wall (V) 11. purchase He went to purchase a car (N) He purchases car every year (V) 12. trap The trap was well laid (N) He trapped the deer (V) 13. rebel Rebels are sent to jail (N) He rebels on hearing the rules (V) 14. answer I know the answer (N) I answered the question (V) 15. demand There is a demand for jobs (N) I demand an explanation. (V) 16. progress There is no progress in the work (N) He wants to progress in his life (V) 17. contact He keeps in contact regularly (N) I contact my friend over phone (V) 18. subject English is a subject (N) He subjected me to severs threat (V) 19. defeat He cannot accept defeat (N) I defeat him always (V) 20. book This is an interesting book (N) He booked the ticket (V) H. Change the following sentences into reported speech 1. The announcer said, The Cheran Express is late by two hours The announcer said that the Cheran Express was late by two hours 2. The director said, The company has not been able to achieve its production target this year The director said that the company had not been able to achieve its production target that year

3. Veena said to Meena, I have bought a dictionary Veena said to Meena that she had bought a dictionary 4. Ram said to Sam, Don't play football in the garden Ram ordered Sam not to play football in the garden 5. Josh said Peter, Give me a cup of orange juice Josh asked Peter to give him a cup of orange juice 6. David said to John, Don't waste my time David advised John not to waste his time 7. Sita said to Veni, Please lend your book Sita requested Veni to lend her book 8. Sam says, I am listening to western music Sam says that he is listening to western music 9. Raj said to Jeya, When did you attend the meeting ? Raj asked Jeya when she had attended the meeting 10. The shop keeper said to the customer, When will you pay the bill ? The shop keeper asked the customer when he would pay the bill 11. She said to Kiruba, Are you going to buy a new car ? She asked Kiruba if she was going to buy a new car 12. Ram said to his father, Can you switch off the T.V after an hour ? Ram asked father if he could switch off the T.V after an hour

I. A. Make cause and effect expressions with the following 1. IT industries provide employment. Thousands of students join in IT courses As IT industries provide employment, thousands of students join in IT courses 2. The traffic increased many fold. Over bridge is constructed to reduce traffic As the traffic increased many fold, over bridge is constructed to reduce traffic 3. The stream from the boiler is wet. It has to be passed through a super-heater As the stream from the boiler is wet, it has to be passed through a super-heater 4. The air filter gets clogged with dirt. It must be cleaned regularly. As the air filter gets clogged with dirt, it must be cleaned regularly. 5. Wind mills are installed in large numbers. Adequate power is produced As wind mills are installed in large numbers, adequate power is produced Wind mills are installed in large number as a result adequate power is produced 6. E-ticketing is introduced by the railways. The people get reservations easily. As E-ticketing is introduced by the railways the people get reservations easily 7. Heavy rain, holiday declared for schools and colleges Due to heavy rain, holiday declared for schools and colleges Holiday declared for schools and colleges because of the heavy rain. 8. The oil tanker spilled large quantity of oil. Many sea birds died As the oil tanker spilled large quantity of oil, many sea birds died 9. The machine was not maintained properly. The accident occurred As the machine was not maintained properly the accident occurred The accident occurred as a result the machine was not maintained properly. 10. The water from the rivers overflowed. Many villages were inundated As the water from the rivers overflowed, many villages were inundated Many villages were inundated due to the water from the rivers overflowed

B. Write sentences using (a) consequently (b) because (c) due to (d )since to express causal relations Ans (a) Glass is fragile consequently / therefore / as a result / hence we should handle it carefull (b) He is successful in business because of / as a result of / on account of / owing to / his intelligence

J. Fill in the blanks with suitable prepositions 1. The story of the English language is typically one of the massive stealing from other languages. That is why English today has an estimated vocabulary of over one million words. 2. Appropriate technology is a technology that is developed to cater to the basic needs of economically poor people. Also, it is not concerned to only the small scale technology. Appropriate technology lies somewhere from traditional and modern technology. It is particularly easy to operate and can be maintained by less skilled persons. A special feature of this technology is that it can be applied to a variety of rural needs. 3. a). The fire bells sounded, workers immediately switched off their machines and moved to safer places b) The skilled worker carried out many operations on a lathe with his supervisor 4. Artificial intelligence is the science of developing computers that can learn and follow instructions with great accuracy and speed. An example of AI is the use of Expert system. 5. a) The ore is then transported to mills b) The machine is very heavy in spite of its small size c) One of the India's priorities is growing more food d) Gold is rare metal with a beautiful yellow colour 6. The latest inventions in communications promote internationalism and facilities the unity of mankind, and hence the promotion of internationalism, and by closer contacts, virtually eliminate physical distances. 7. One of the important benefits of machine civilization is that our standard of life is improved. There is much more variety of our lives. We have a wide choice of everything in wrist watches to flash lights. Food from any part of the world can be obtained from any season of the year 8. The thorium reserves can be used in fast breeder reactors. A very small quantity of nuclear fuel produces energy that can otherwise be produced by vast quantities of conventional fuels like coal 9. A National conference on The Use of English in Colleges was organized by V V College of Engineering, Tisaiyanvilai at the auspices of The British Council. About 200 students from different colleges attended the conference 10. Indian newspapers have undesirably a vital role to play and an important duty to perform , both as voice of the people and a builder of public opinion K. Fill in the blanks with suitable articles 1. Forests also play a vital role in regulating the flow of water through the ecosystem, which in turn helps determine the local and regional climate 2. Liquid samples assume the shape of its container. The kinetic theory explains this property by saying that there are no fixed positions for the molecules. 3. The energy given out by the sun is created by the process known as nuclear fusion 4. Learning is a process that every single human being undergoes. It is not just a yearly or even monthly process, but a day-today one as well. 5. Technology is also a twin-edged sword. So everybody should take the development in the right perspective. 6. High Technology is the technology based on modern machines. It is a high cost technology.

7. A printer is an output device attached to a computer. It helps to take hard copies of the typed matter or any visuals available in the processor of the computer 8. a) He wears a uniform on Monday b) Asha is the best student in the class 9. a) She is not an honourable woman b) Please give me a sugar 10. We went to the temple and saw an elephant eating bananas