Increased water supply regenerates agriculture and enhances livelihood

WATER

More income

Water source closer to home, means less travel

Women and children are freed from the daily labour of carrying water

01

A little more to save

More income means better access to health and hygiene

This means children, especially girls, will have more time for school and studies

With more time and some money to spare, women can invest in livestock and supplement household income

Hence, more time to raise and take care of the family

02

INTRODUCTION CONTEXT THE BEGINNING THE CURRENT SCENARIO WORKING IN PARTNERSHIPS PROJECTS
Indigenous rainwater harvesting systems in Tamil Nadu Site-specific water harvesting and awareness in Maharashtra Community mobilisation, soil and water conservation and livelihood enhancement in Karnataka Bio-diversity conservation and capacity building in Tamil Nadu An integrated water resource management system in Gujarat A unique public private partnership in Madhya Pradesh

04 06 08 10 11
Over hundred billion litres of water to be harvested by 2015

13
15 16

One million people to benefit Up to 50% increase in crop production*

17

18

19

20

IMPACT
The report is based on inputs provided by our implementation partners. All photographs used in the report were taken at respective project sites for the purpose of this report or for general communication.

21

03

*Expected increase in most projects

The global demand for freshwater is rising at an exponential rate, while its supply is increasingly uncertain. The UN suggests that each person needs 20-50 litres of water per day for drinking and other basic needs. In India more than 50% of the population lives on less than 10 litres of water a day. Demand for water resources will increase significantly as populations, economies, and consumption rates grow. Estimates tell us that by 2030, the supply of water in India will be half the demand for it. The need to achieve water security is immense as food, energy, environment, economy, health and the livelihoods of millions of people across the country are all interlinked with it. At Unilever we recognise this crisis and have articulated specific goals in the Unilever Sustainable Living Plan to address the water crisis. Our assessment shows that the water footprint directly controlled by us is miniscule, while the major impact is within the extended value chain. Keeping this in perspective, at Unilever we have embarked on a goal to reduce our water footprint not only in our manufacturing process, but across the value chain. This requires us to both, work with suppliers and to design our products that reduce water usage by consumers. It also requires us to educate consumers about its efficient use. The Unilever Sustainable Living Plan commits to halving the water associated with consumer use of our products by 2020. Given the enormity of the challenge that faces India on the availability of water and its nexus with the food and livelihood security, we have set up the India Water Body. Acting in partnership with governments and NGOs, HUL through these initiatives aims to implement a holistic approach towards mitigating the economic, health and social problems caused by water scarcity. By 2015, we hope to create a water conservation capacity of a hundred billion litres to enable a better future for a million people. The above initiatives, while considerable from one company's point of view are insufficient to address the larger challenge. We would therefore like to invite other organisations, industry bodies, governments, and experts in this field to join hands with us and take this agenda forward.

Nitin Paranjpe Managing Director and Chief Executive Officer

04

05

- Sylvia Earle

In the mid 1990s, Kaliyath*, a paddy farmer in Tamil Nadu inherited an acre of land from a deceased family member. His initial delight at this windfall turned to quick dismay when he inspected the land it was mainly forest and uncultivable due to insufficient irrigation, although it was in the region of a large water tank. The farmer like all farmers in his region was at the mercy of the weather gods for his water supply. Although his share of his late uncle's estate brought his total land holdings to over three and a half acres, his agricultural crop covered less than half this area making his land a liability rather than an asset. Across the country, the septuagenarian commonly known as Tai has spent most of her life in the arid land of the Nasik district. She recalls how through her many years as a mother and wife she spent hours each day trudging through miles of wasteland to fetch water for her family's domestic needs. Walking across the hilly terrain for up to three hours every day was an arduous task, especially with her weak ankles that made her susceptible to frequent sprains. Often, the water that she collected from the then nearest source a stream that gushed forcefully during the monsoon but subsided to a mere trickle in the heat of the summer was contaminated. This meant that she, or one of her children were regular victims of diarrhoea, but no matter what the state of her health, she would make the trip everyday. Tai recalls only five occasions between the ages of fifteen to fifty when severe ill-health forced her to stay home, and relinquish the responsibility of water collection to another family member. For twenty-five years, come rain or shine, she set out on a daily water-collecting journey. The lives of millions of young girls across India look set to emulate that of Tai's in Nasik. Many of them accompany other women from their homes and villages on a daily water collection chore; a walk to and from the nearest water source that can take over an hour or two each way. A seemingly interminable walk for juvenile feet. And one fraught with danger from vehicles, animals, snakes and often, other human beings. The water focused initiatives by HUL along with government agencies and grassroots NGOs strive to change the lives of people like Kaliyath and Tai towards a water secure future.

*name changed to protect identity

06

07

- Ross Perot

We began our journey for water conservation many years ago, with need-based interventions near our manufacturing units in Khamgaon, Silvassa, and Puducherry. Seeing the associated benefits that water projects can bring to the communities living near the project area, we were inspired to take on bigger challenges. In this section we briefly share our earlier initiatives. Khamgaon The HUL manufacturing plant in Khamgaon, Maharashtra started a pilot watershed management project on a five-hectare plot, to prevent soil degradation and conserve water. The construction of dams and trenches resulted in the transformation of this dry and arid land into a verdant forest of about 6,300 trees. The total land under cultivation during the second crop season increased to 470 acres. The annual income of farmers in the vicinity of the projects increased from an average of INR 36,000 to approximately INR 85,000, per farmer. This project received widespread appreciation at the 2002 World Summit on Sustainable Development in Johannesburg. Silvassa HUL and the NGO Vanarai collaborated in Silvassa and other locations in Dadra and Nagar Haveli. The project has secured sustainable development of water and land resources, helped the local population attain self-sufficiency in basic needs of food, water, fodder and fuel, and generated local employment opportunities through increased economic activity. More than 67 million litres of water have been harvested since 2004, with soil conservation treatment carried out on 282 hectares of land. The villagers accrued an additional income of INR 160 lakh during the project period (2004 2010). Puducherry HUL's Puducherry unit partnered with DHAN Foundation in 2008-09 to renovate eight village ponds. The project focussed on building social capital by empowering a specially formed villagers' pond association to execute the work. The renovated rainwater harvesting system has fulfilled the multiple domestic needs of 4,519 households and 346 acres of land have been irrigated due to the rejuvenation of ground water.

Project KHAMGAON

Before

After intervention

Project PUDUCHERRY

Before

After intervention 08

09

- Mikhail Gorbachev

With inspiration and proven models from early endeavours, HUL has redoubled its water management efforts in recent times. At this point, the company is involved in six major projects affecting over 180 villages in Madhya Pradesh, North Gujarat, Tamil Nadu, Karnataka and Maharashtra. These water conservation projects are spread across India and differ in implementation strategy. The projects broadly include: Revival of natural tanks through a measure of conservation activities, which will recreate their original potential in fulfilling agricultural and domestic needs. Integrated watershed development programmes in various parts of the country with the objective of creating models of sustainable development in resource-depleted areas. Promotion of appropriate technologies for efficient and sustainable use of rainwater. Conservation of soil and improvement of land productivity to regenerate vegetation cover on denuded wastelands, promote tree-based farming systems and sustainable agriculture.

Community capacity building

- Promote community-based organisations for implementation and sustainable management of the water resources - Develop awareness about the importance of water and soil conservation and landscape management in the community - Enhance socio-capital through capacity building especially including SC and ST, small and marginal farming communities

Our main objectives:

Water conservation
- Revive traditional structures as well as create new infrastructure for water conservation - Increase the groundwater recharge in the watershed area - Increase water use efficiency in agriculture and domestic sectors by ensuring the adoption of water management techniques - Conserve fertile soil through soil and moisture conservation

Livelihoods
- Improve landscape and agricultural productivity to enhance livelihoods - Raise the income of the poor (landless, small and marginal farmers) through agricultural and non-agricultural based interventions
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Our earlier initiatives in Khamgaon, Silvassa and Puducherry have played a key role in shaping our current partnership, and approach towards governance. These initiatives have strengthened our belief in the partnership model and given us valuable lessons to develop our approach towards governance. The projects are carried out in partnership with non governmental organisations (NGOs), local community, and government agencies such as NABARD, or directly with state governments. This coordinated and combined resource mobilisation fosters an environment of enhanced synergy for implementation. Community participation escalates the overall sustainability of all the water projects. Over the years we have made the entire process, from proposal assessment to final implementation and feedback, more structured. The endeavour is to connect people, processes and judicious practices to make long term contributions to strengthening Indias water resources.

The three guiding principles for good governance of our water projects are: Accountability
Partnerships are most effective when terms for mutual accountability exist between all stakeholders from funders to beneficiaries.

Transparency
At all stages of implementation, including selection, continuous review, monitoring and impact evaluation, we ensure a transparent democratic approach is adopted by all the partners.

Co-ordination
In order to sustain partnerships, HUL encourages regular communication, including monthly joint reviews of the performance of NGO partners in project execution and unbiased checks by external audit firms. Resources are combined to maximise learning and sharing from each project.

11

Project design using Logical Framework Analysis

Feedback and lessons

HUL

Proposal assessment

Continuous monitoring & evaluation

Community Beneficiaries

STAKEHOLDERS

NGO Partner

Pre-grant evaluation

Government Bodies

External Consultant

(Ernst & Young)

Implementation

Sign-off and project planning

HUL Water Project flow We invite proposals on a need-basis through transparent mechanisms like Solution Exchange (http://www.solutionexchange-un.net.in). Proposals are invited as per our set format to facilitate comparison and projects are selected on the basis of an objective assessment and a rigorous pre-grant evaluation. Independent external monitoring is very important for us. We have engaged Ernst & Young (E&Y) to monitor our water projects on a continuous basis. Six monthly physical and financial reviews are held for all projects. Feedback is shared with the implementation partner and is followed up with an action taken report.

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Projects in more than 180 villages

Over hundred billion litres of water to be harvested by 2015

Tikamgarh Sabarkantha

Mahesana

Silvassa

Nasik Ahmadnagar

Bidar Gulbarga

Bellary Chitradurga

TIKAMGARH
Teela Khajrar Hirdenagar Janakpur Khudo Naj Deri Patti Rampal Singh Chakra Madho Singh Malguwan Rampura Garroli Kotra Dubdei Khudo Naj Kudila Manguwan Doh Chakra - 1 Patti Ganesh Ju Doh Chakra - 2 Patti Baldeo Singh ChanderiKhas Patti Balwant Singh Kudila Chanderi Ugad Pathrai Heerapur Khas

Kolar

Perambalur

Dindigul
Virudhunagar

Sivagangai

Madurai

Ramanad

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Locations depicted on the map are indicative. Not mapped to exact precision.

in 17 districts of India
One million people to benefit Up to 50% increase in crop production*

MAHESANA
Dharoi Jawanpura Vavdi Khodamali Kevdasan Deriya Dedasan Shobhasan Jagapura Kiyadar Techava Ransipur

NASIK
Barsingve Sonoshi Taked Mydare - Dhanoshi

CHITRADURGA KOLAR
Chavaramangala Malakanhalli Shyamshettalli Suggondalli Bedshettihalli Neharu Colony Jayantinagar

VIRUDHUNAGAR Kalloorani Melakurunaikulam K.Meenakshipuram Nallatharai Kallatikulam Alagapuri Kuravaikulam N,Mukkulam Kamalipuliyankulam

Panaikudi Aandukondan A.Mukkulam Pulichikulam Nalur Sottamuri Vemankudi Manickanendal Agathakulam

PERAMBALUR GULBARGA
Kiroli Kodumapalli Panchpalli Nidagunda Malayalapatti Kottarakundu Chinnamundal Pudhur Sasthripuram Goundarpalayam Boomidhanam Gandhinagar Thondamandurai Vijayapuram Ayyarpalayam Koraiyaru

AHMADNAGAR
Konkanwadi Tirdhe Pachpattewadi Shivajinagar

SILVASA
Karchond Dapada Pati Mandoni Chisda

RAMANAD
Sembankudi Karanadan Matteriayendal Kodeerendal Pushpavanam Sengarpadai Saveriyarpattinam Muniyanendal Ponnakaneri Prababukkalur Nediyamanickam Ulayoor Kolundurai Thenaikulam Pethanendal Kalayoor Marunthur Kovilansanthan

SABARKANTHA
Polajpur Lolasan Dedhrota Navanagar Dolgadh Vakhatpura Shinol Rahiyol Bhesawada Dolpur Garudi Dalilpur

SIVAGANGAI
Karisalkulam Rajakkalkudirrupu Somathur Melamelkudi Kilankattor

BELLARY
Bennikal

BIDAR
Chikli (J)

MADURAI
E.Gopalapuram T.Ramanathapuram T.Meenakshipuram Melathirumanickam Pottalpatti Uthapuram Sankaralingapuram Kudipatti Soolapuram Athipatti Vittalpatti Vandapuli Kethuvarpatti Jambalapuram Kuppalnatham Masavantham Maruthankudi Tirumal Villur Lalapuram K.Vellakulam Cholapuram Ettunali Vidathakulam S.Puthur Nilayur

DINDIGUL Kalanampatti Ketchanipatti K.Pudur K.Pudur Colony Malaikovilpatti Silvarpati Kannimanuthu Colony Appanampatti Vellayampatti Kondamanayakanpatti S.Vadipatti S.Vadipatticolony Yadipatimerkutheru Sukkampatti

Ayyampatti Kathirayankulam Kuppakaruppanpudur Pattathunaakampatti Kumarapalayam Thottanampatti Ammapatti Melapatti Alamaruthupatti Devasahayapuram Chinnaramapuram Ganeshapuram Indira Nagar Chockalingapuram

*Expected increase in most projects

14

This project in Tamil Nadu is a partnership between HUL and the DHAN Foundation (www.dhan.org), entitled Tank Cascades Development for Livelihood Security. Begun in 2010, it has been reviving tank cascades (a traditional method of water storage) in the Gundar Basin, Tamil Nadu. Tank cascades are communally owned, small reservoirs created by earthen bunds and arranged in a series across slopes to form a chain of water tanks. Some of these tanks were made centuries ago and were until recently very neglected. In this region, the total number of annual rainy days is less than 50, of which run-off occurs in around 20 days only. After renovation, the tank cascades can capture and store excess run-off during the monsoon, so it can be used later. An important feature of this project is that local associations of farmers and landless families (many of them women), who have contributed 10% of the cost, implement the project for each tank. The project area covers 13 tank cascades with 250 tanks, serving a total population of 1,50,000 across almost 70 villages in Madurai, Ramanad, Sivagangai, and Virudhunagar districts. The project will create the capacity to conserve 11.3 billion litres of water in the project area, increase crop production and generate additional net income for the farmers.

Karnadan tank (Ramanad)

Beneficiary farmer (Sivagangai)

70 VILLAGES IN GUNDAR BASIN, TAMIL NADU PARTNER - DHAN FOUNDATION

TAMIL NADU

PEOPLE PLANET PROSPERITY

1,50,000 people to benefit

Madurai Virudhunagar

Sivagangai Ramanad

11.3 billion litres of water to be harvested Facilitate sustainable agriculture and enhance crop production

15

Expected outcomes towards the completion of the project

In MAHARASHTRA, HUL has partnered with BAIF (www.baif.org.in) to build bunds, structures to harvest spring water for domestic use and a check dam under the project titled Water Harvesting and Utilisation in Nasik and Ahmadnagar districts. This initiative aims to improve water availability through run-off water harvesting measures and to conserve fertile soil through moisture conservation, thus improving production from the landscape and subsequently generating more employment opportunities for the local population. The hilly terrain of the region results in high rates of water run-off and little soil cover. Decentralised water harvesting and efficient water utilisation is one of the important components of the project. The water source development is site specific and its selection is carried out through community participation for optimal benefit. Most importantly, the project works towards sustainable livelihoods by generating awareness about water issues, soil conservation and landscape management through community participation the project has nurtured Water Panchayats in each village it works in. It provides the farmers with access to scientific information and training in agricultural techniques. The project also provides support for collective marketing of crops and fruits. About 574 million litres of water will be harvested at the end of project. The project will bring an additional area of 287 acres under irrigation. Crop production is expected to rise by 50%.

The project has made a significant improvement in the quality of life among the rural and tribal families that make up the local population. Its holistic programme approach, long-term planning and environmental conservation efforts will ensure that the district will experience an upward economic and social trajectory beyond the stipulated five years of the project.

Barsingve (Check dam)

7 VILLAGES IN MAHARASHTRA PARTNER - BAIF FOUNDATION

Nasik Ahmadnagar
MAHARASHTRA

PEOPLE PLANET PROSPERITY

4,500 people to benefit

574 million litres of water to be harvested 50% expected rise in crop production

Expected outcomes towards the completion of the project

16

Community led Sustainable Management of Water Resource for Promotion of Livelihoods and Secured Natural Resource Base (2011 to 2016) is one of the largest projects supported by HUL. It covers five districts in Karnataka Bidar, Gulbarga, Bellary, Chitradurga and Kolar. The project is being implemented by MYRADA and is co-funded by NABARD. Significant activities under this project include community mobilisation, soil and water conservation activities and a livelihood enhancement programme especially for small and marginal farmers. The project also aims to increase the ground water recharge in the watershed area and increase water use efficiency in agriculture and domestic sectors by adoption of water management techniques. The project covers 13 villages and will benefit over 4,00,000 people. The project aims to achieve 50% increase in the base line production of crops. More than 300 hectares of wasteland have been brought under cultivation. Agricultural and non-agricultural based interventions will also be made to raise the incomes of the poor (landless, small and marginal farmers). The total water conservation over five years will be over 30 billion litres.

Meeting with community

Net planning with community

Bidar Gulbarga

13 VILLAGES IN KARNATAKA PARTNER - MYRADA PEOPLE PLANET PROSPERITY

4,00,000 people to benefit

KARNATAKA

Bellary Chitradurga

30 billion litres of water to be harvested 50% expected rise in crop production

17

Kolar

Expected outcomes towards the completion of the project

HUL's already wide-spread presence in Tamil Nadu has increased further with the Sustainable Watershed Development through Conservation, Harvest and Utilisation, a far-reaching project in partnership with LEAD (www.leadindia.org) for a period of five years (2011 2016). With a mainly environmental thrust, the project is set out to address the over-exploitation of high volume crop cultivation in intensive agriculture. It emphasises the conservation of the bio-diversity and vital resources soil, flora and fauna, vegetation, etc. The project is poised to benefit 2,30,000 people. Drip and surge irrigation systems, sprinklers, mulching, skip furrows will all reduce water requirement by 30 to 40 per cent. The project aims at a 50% increase in base line production of crops. An estimated 11.4 billion litres of water will be conserved by the end of this project.

Tank desilting and recharge borehole

Drip irrigation (Ayyarpalayam village)

43 VILLAGES IN TAMIL NADU PARTNER - LEAD PEOPLE

TAMIL NADU
Perambalur
Dindigul 2,30,000 people to benefit

PLANET PROSPERITY

11.4 billion litres of water to be harvested 50% expected rise in crop production

Expected outcomes towards the completion of the project

18

And finally, among the old temples, abandoned tanks and ruined palaces of the ancient Maurya and imperial Gupta dynasties in the once prosperous region of Tikamgarh in Madhya Pradesh, is the Government of India's Integrated Watershed Management Programme (IWMP). The MoU between the state government and Hindustan Unilever Vitality Foundation (HUVF) was signed in October 2011. It follows the Public Private Partnership (PPP) model successfully established under the Rajiv Gandhi Mission for Watershed Management and will be implemented on the ground by the Society for Promotion of Eco Friendly Sustainable Development on behalf of HUVF. The project covers 24 villages of Baldeogarh Block in the Tikamgarh district - approximately 10,317 hectares of land under watershed. Significant project activities include Net Planning, Participatory Rural Appraisal Participatory Rural Appraisal, the formation of Self Help Groups (SHG) and watershed committees, identification and implementation of entry-point activities and adoption of an overall cluster approach for the implementation of the above. The interventions under the project are likely to enhance the livelihoods of the villagers with sustainable agriculture and allied activities due to the ready availability, conservation and management of water. An improved quality of life along with the establishment of local governing institutions and institutional systems will also yield equal opportunities and equitable access to resources - a direct impact on more than 44,000 people.

Meeting with the community

Work in progress

24 VILLAGES IN MADHYA PRADESH PARTNER - SOCIETY FOR PROMOTION OF ECO-FRIENDLY

SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT

Tikamgarh

PEOPLE PLANET

44,000 people to benefit

10,317 hectares of land to be treated under watershed Market linkages for the agricultural produce

MADHYA PRADESH

PROSPERITY

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Expected outcomes towards the completion of the project

Another HUL project co-funded with NABARD is Promoting Integrated Water Resource Management and Conjunctive Use of Water in the most water scarce regions of North Gujarat. The project was initiated in 2011 by the Development Support Centre (DSC). It aims to propel sustainable livelihoods for rural communities, through soil, moisture and water conservation: improving agricultural productivity and the introduction of agricultural practices that optimise water use. The project covers 24 villages and over 45,000 people. Significantly, the project is a pioneering one that aims to provide an improved model of integrated water resource management in the command area of water-scarce surface irrigation systems; one that can be replicated in future by the Government or local community. The real challenge for this project is to develop a participatory plan for sustainable management of soil, moisture and water conservation at the village level for all 24 villages, spread over two districts. The methodology includes capacity building among the villagers, especially small and marginal farmers; management of the physical assets created for soil, moisture and water conservation after careful planning and implementation. The promotion of sustainable agriculture through practices, technologies and varieties that optimise the use of water are few of the key activities under this project.

It is expected that the above interventions will increase crop production by 15 20%. More than 7,900 hectares of land will be treated with soil and water conservation activities. The total water conservation commitment at the end of five years under this project is 28 billion litres of water.

Federation meeting

Mahesana

24 VILLAGES IN GUJARAT PARTNER - DEVELOPMENT SUPPORT CENTER

Sabarkantha

PEOPLE PLANET PROSPERITY

45,000 people to benefit

GUJARAT

28 billion litres of water to be harvested

15-20% expected rise in crop production

Expected outcomes towards the completion of the project

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70 VILLAGES IN

1 GUNDAR BASIN
TAMIL NADU

2 MAHARASHTRA
- To benefit 4,500 people - 89% of the beneficiaries are tribal families

7 VILLAGES IN

3 KARNATAKA
- To benefit 4,00,000 people - Establishment of 75 SHGs for promotion of watershed and related activities in the region

13 VILLAGES IN

PEOPLE

- To benefit 1,50,000 people - 10,000 small & marginal farmers in the command area are direct beneficiaries - 15,000 are landless farmers - 30% beneficiaries from SC and ST

PLANET

- 11.3 billion litres of water to be harvested - Reviving 250 tanks in 13 cascades

- 574 million litres of water to be harvested - 287 acres brought under irrigation - Soil & Water conservation treatment covering 1,000 hectares of land

- 30 billion litres of water to be harvested - 300 hectares of wasteland brought under cultivation - Protective irrigation to reduce water consumption by 50% in 300 acres of land

PROSPERITY

- Increasing crop production & generating additional net income for farmers

- Crop production is expected to rise by 50% - 10 common interest groups to be formed for ensuring better market linkages for agri-produce

- 50% increase in the baseline production of crops

*Expected increase in most projects

21

By 2015, HUL's water conservation projects will create a capacity for conserving more than 100 billion litres of water. And with that security, and its associated sustainable livelihoods, will come an increase in the standard of living for nearby communities. This will leave an unparalleled positive impact on the everyday life of a million people. Expected impact after the completion of the projects:

4 TAMIL NADU
- To benefit 2,30,000 people - Benefit SC & ST communities, small & marginal farmers through capacity building exercises, participatory appraisal exercises, training & demonstrations

43 VILLAGES IN

24 VILLAGES IN MADHYA

PRADESH

6 GUJARAT

24 VILLAGES IN

- To benefit 44,000 people

- To benefit over 45,000 people - About 70% of members of user groups are small and marginal farmers

One million people to benefit

- 11.4 billion litres of water to be harvested - Drip and surge irrigation systems, sprinklers, mulching and skip furrows to reduce water requirement by 30-40%

- To be captured in the Detailed Project Report - 10,317 hectares of land to be treated under watershed

- 28 billion litres of water to be harvested - 7,900 hectares of land to be treated with soil and water conservation activities - Area under cultivation is around 190 hectares - Soil erosion control & water harvesting - 15-20% increase in water availability in recharge wells

Over hundred billion litres of water to be harvested by 2015

- 50% increase in the baseline production of crops

- Promotion of market linkages for the agricultural produce of the project villages through BAIFpromoted VAPCOL (Vasundhara Agrihorti Producers Company)

- 1520% increase in crop production - Increase in milk and fodder production - 1,000 farmers to adopt new agri practices: vermi compost, new varieties of Up to 50% seeds, and scientific methods of increase in crop cultivation

production*

Total number of beneficiaries includes impact of Khamgaon, Silvassa and Puducherry projects.

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