Important Questions for First Assessment. EC396 Communication Engineering Short Answers: 1.

. Briefly describe the differences between analog and digital signals. 2. What is the significance of Fourier series? 3. Describe the following wave symmetries; (i) even symmetry, (ii) odd symmetry. 4. Define Amplitude modulation. 5. What is the range of modulation index in an AM ? 6. Give the formula for calculating total power of an AM transmitter with modulation index m. 7. What is Single Side-Band AM? 8. Define instantaneous phase and instantaneous frequency. 9. Define frequency deviation and phase deviation. 10. What is the modulation index for an FM signal? 11. State Carsons rule for determining the bandwidth for an FM signal.

Long answers: 1. Write an expression for the Amplitude Modulated signal with carrier frequency fc modulated with a sinusoidal signal. Derive the frequency spectrum of the AM wave, and derive the total power transmitted. 2. Explain DSBSC AM and SSB AM. What are their advantages and disadvantages over conventional AM? 3. State the expression for Phase Modulated and Frequency Modulated signal with carrier frequency fc, modulated with a sinusoidal message signal m(t) = sin(2fmt). Draw a neat sketch of the both the signals along with the message signal.

Problems: 1. Find the frequency spectrum of the signal x(t) = 5 cos(20t) +3 cos(20t). Show in a neat sketch. 2. A 10 MHz carrier is amplitude modulated by a message signal consisting of two frequency component of 1000 Hz and 1200 Hz. Find the frequency components present in the modulated AM wave. 3. For an AM transmitter with the carrier power of 10 Watts, and a modulation index of 0.8 find the power transmitted after modulation.

4. An FM transmitter has a deviation sensitivity of 1.2 kHz/V. If it is modulated with a message signal of amplitude 3 Volts, what is the maximum frequency deviation f. 5. An FM signal with the carrier frequency of 90 MHz and a frequency deviation of 20 kHz is modulated with message signal of maximum frequency of 10 kHz. Find the bandwidth of the modulated FM signal. 6. An FM signal has a deviation of 10 kHz and is modulated by a sine wave with frequency of 5 kHz. The carrier frequency is 150 MHz, and the signal has a total (Use Bessel function table.) (i) (ii) What is the modulation index? (5) power of 12.5 W.

What is the bandwidth of the FM signal, ignoring all components that have (10) (5)

less than 1% of the total signal power? (iii) How much power is present at the carrier frequency?