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C*

%.

(Comiff

C?e

QSooft of %^x^%^(^S)
tn Ibel?- >>

<^

in Hebrew present edition of the Sacred ]5ooks of the Old Testament reconstructed text on the basis of which the new translation of the Bible has been prepared by the learned contributors mentioned on the It is, therefore, the exact counterpart of the English other page of the cover.

THE
edition.

exliibits the

Wherever the

translation

is

based on a departure from the Recei\ed


text.

Text, the deviation appears here in the Hel^ew translation are also found here in the original.
>

Transpositions in the

Departures from the Received Text are indicated by diacritical signs: on the authority of the e. V = Versions) designates a reading adopted e. 10 e. c = conjec/urc), Ancient Versions; <> (/. conjectural emendations; and a departure from the Masoretic points, or 3 = i^pi), changes involving merely
(7.
>

(?'.

a different division of the consonantal text

{e.

g.

nitt'"'

Ol2t, Eccl. 10,1).

pDD

indicates transposition of the Masoretic piDS t\\'0; been adopted instead of the 3T3, and "" for changes introduced on the strength of parallel passages. Doubtful words or passages are marked with
'np lias

is

used in cases where the

15

notes of interrogation (< >). Occasionally two diacritical marks are combined, * the Received Text suggested by the Versions as c. i. e. de\iations from >, g.
well as

by parallel passages; or supported by the Versions, &c.

<>,

i. c. departures from the Masoretic points In cases where two or three consecutive

words are transposed the traditional sequence


,

is

indicated by

^ 3

&c. respecti- 20

vely jMefixed to the indi\idual words {c. g. 13 25). Hopelessly corrupt passages are indicated by ...., \\hile asterisks * * # * point to laciiiuc in the original.

The

text

has been

left

unpointed except

in

ambiguous

cases.

The headings

printed in RED (pp. 1.13. 16.17.23.26.27.38), of course, do not constitute a part of ilie reconstruction of the original text of the book of Jeremiah but have been 25 added by Professor Coi^NMi.i,.

The Ancient Versions


abbreviations:
i\\

arc referred to in
;

=
.u.

Masoretic Text
(/.

iJ= Vetus Latina; 3

e.

St.

= Symmachos.

Jerome)

= LXX; Z= Targum; S = Peshita; = Vulgate A = Aquila; = Theodotion;


(5
;

the Notes under the following

denotes the Samaritan recension of the Pentateuch.


Lucianic (A), ^'^ ^ == Sinaiticus

30

means Codex Alexandrinus


(F;

M=
not

recension

Targum

RV =
It

Vaticanus (B); ^o js the Mcdiolancnsis), (), v = Authorized \'crsion, of Onkelos, ?' Targum of Pseudo-Jonathan; Revised Version, R\-^i ^ Revised Version Margin, OT Old Testament.

(A), (6^^

= Ambrosianus

AV

been deemed necessary to classify all the divergences exhibited 35 As a rule, only those variations have been recorded liy the Ancient Versions. on the authority of which an emendation has been adopted by the editor of
lias

the text.

The heavy -faced


to the chapters, the

numbers

figures in the left margin of the Notes (i, 2, in ( ) to the verses of the Hebrew text.
by.

3,

&c.) refer

The mark^ A

40

means

oinit(s) or

omitted

COKxMl.L

THE SACRED BOOKS


OF

^^

Oft)

t^etmmt
PREPARED

A CRITICAL EDITION OF THE HEBREW TEXT


PRINTED IN COLORS, WITH NOTES

6p eminent

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ecBofrtvp

of

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anb

Jlincvtc<i

UNDER THE EDITORIAL DIRECTION OF

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PROFESSOR
I.N

THE JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY, BALTIMORE

PART it

Zh

(gfooft

of 3ercmiciB
BY

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1805
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THE JOHNS HOPKINS PRESS

DAVID NUTT. 270-27

STRAND

THE BOOK
OF THK

(pvop^d J^eremta^
CRITICAL EDITION OF THE HEBHEW TEXT
ARRANGED
IN CHRONOI.OGICAI,

OKDER

WITH NOTES
BY

CHCORNILL,
t'ROKtiSSOK IN

1).

1).

THE UNIVERSITr OF KONICSBERC

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2"*^^^^ *'

-a<B^* 2trtm\a?) -^-S^Si-e^

79

dRrrangonenf of
In the present edition of the chronological order as follows:
1, 1. 2.

(?ft

Ttict
is

Book

of Jeremiah the text

arranged

in

4-19; 2, 1-13. 18-37; 3.


;

1-5

-19-25; 4,3-9-11-31
;

5, 1-19-23-31
;

6; 3,6-16;
;

II

12, 1-3.5.6; 18; 7 ;8;9,I-21


1-33-

10,17-24

25,1-3.7-11.13^.15-29

46,1-12

47;

48, 1-21^25. 28. 35-44; 49,


14; 15, 1-10. 15-21
13;

16, 1-13. 16-18. 21; 17, 1-4- 14-18; 12,

717; 35,1-14.

17-19.

24
13. 14
;

29, I .3-I5.21-22=.3I*'.32 49,34-39 22 23, 1-6 ; 23,9-18.21-40 21 l-IO. 20, 14-18. 7 -12 32, 1=*. 2^.6-15. 24-44; 33, 1.4 -13; 23, 7. 8(=l6, 14. 15).
; ;

30,1-9.13-21
19
28''.
;

31,1.2-9.15-34.38-40; 46,1326.
;

20,1-6

26,1-19.24.20-23
34,1-7
;

36
;

45

28,1='
;

27,1-6.822
;

28,1*' 17
;

5I,

59.6o.6i.63.64
38,
39, 3. 14
;

40,6-16

37,5.3.6-10 34,8-22 41 42 43 44, I-28.


;
; ;

37,4.11-21
40, 15

38, 1-28^

39, 15-18.

10,1-4.9.5-8.10.12-16; 17,19-27

39,1.2.4-12

50

51

52.

The

gated from the


1,

following passages, being later glosses and interpolations, text, and appear in the footnotes:
1

are rele-

3; 3, 17-18; 4,
;

-2. 10; 5,

23,19.20

25,4-6. 12.

13''. 14.

3038 27,7;
: ;

20-22; 10, 11. 25; 15,11-14; 17, 12; 20, 13; 21, II. 12. 29, 2. l6-20. 22*^-31^ 30, lO.l 1 22 24 3I,
;
. ;

10-14.3537; 32, 29.30 46,27.28


;

i^.2''-5. 17-23
;

33,2.3.11=^3.1426
;

35,15-16

37,1-2 ;39,i3

44,

48, 21*>-24. 26. 27. 29-34. 45-47

51,60^.62.

to facilitate references to verses

appearing

in the

present edition

out of the traditional order.


cc,
vx>.

51

^48)

ill

liic

reads n', ilic plural ib, liu\\c\cr, lo be restored utcor. uhoic passage, 44**-49*, is waniinjj.
"b'jn.
s/tii/t

vT^rJ,

In

(49) in hH'W*
/ti//.

'llicse

O ye

words can only be taken as a vocaii of Israel! but this gives no close associalion of
is

w.vi^

address to the slain

peculiar.

3, quite freely,

ct
.. /

Liit/trrnf ociisi in Israef, sic lic liabylone oidt'nt

oaisi in

taken ^33 as adverbial accusative, or else have read ^223 --.y dicate to biiy^ ''hhw ^xin"" '"j'lDp iK'D-in\s ^323 ]H. In (fi the whole passau'c is wanting. The necessity for an emendation is evident, and sense and y point to a convenient way. We need merely repeat the final ^ "i Pt;: uciuic lu *''bn, and order is at once restored.
.
-.

(58) i reads
ill "iDpM,

men.
which

(63, better,
is

riDW; </ 1,18.

wiiliout conjunction;

(59"64)

(8i simply, ^KAit)iouoiv, the parallel passage Hab. 2,13. \ crses 59 64, in their original form as an independent passage, have alrcadv ic occupied our attention; but since they arc the root from which the present or.i
cf.

probably a mere clerical error.

^^Vj

against Babylon has grown up, and in their traditional shape form the inseparuli<conclusion of that oracle, they must be repeated here. For ;<" loxtiKiI criticism I would refer lo the pr<\i<ni> treatment of the suL,

52

(iff)

Since
2

c. 52,

with exception of

some

slight variations, is vci1)ally identical with


iln'

K. 24,18-25,30, and is merely an external and foreign appendix added to liook of Jeremiah, we gi\c here only the most essential jjoints of the criticism and would refer for all else to the critical notes on the Book u:

(0
(11) (12)
'

.m K^thib ^D'cn.
in
itt

25
to (83 iaxriKUJi;, ^DJ;
noj?,
is

K"-'ihib n'33.

2 K. 25,8,

points nor, but, according has instead of '3B^

belter.

'l"he parallel

p...-:M.,.

the shorter nsy.

(14)
(15)

which is at least superfluous. At the beginning of \ 15 ill erroneously places the worils opn m^TCV from the beginning of v. 16. The words are altogether unsuitable here,
ill-l-^r,
.

yi
ai.v^*
.i..

wanting
(21)
(23)

in

(0

as well as in the parallel p;issagc 2 K. 25.

1.

(20) in K'^thib nnn.

in K<^thib HDV-

The words nD

D'iein

"ra

nnn

.ne

i,u.

nv

..n

'

'

successful restoration has as yet been accoin^ deplored as the passage is wanting in 2 K. 25, and might throw light K. 7,1522. description of the two bronze pillars in
1

on the

(31) Jl K^thib K^V:.!; ,A 37,4.


(32)

in K<=thib D':!?D.

*P

{iS) -^ K'thib vn.

"-'^^

5^343
51
(3)

-ofiS^Q-K*

^ttimia^ ^SJ^-

77

An

"^yn^-bsi intyp l^nn pn^ TTi^-^K, being erased by the Q'^rc it is a ''ip nb) Tr\2 and a mere dittoIt would sceni simplest to point the traditional bn as the negative b, gram. and this has actually been done by iTSJ. But this is impossible on account of the meaning, since only the enemies of the Chaldeans can be addressed here; and therefore i\l points "^K and explains the whole as a violent ellipsis: To him

utterly desperate passage.

iH reads irnD2
:

the second

pT

ivho

bcntfs,

/ say

Let him bend his

fian';

and
is,

coat of mail: Spare not. This explanation to get out of the difficulty; the position
jussive ^yn''
is

to him 7vho envelops himself in his however, merely a desperate effort

of Tmn and especially that of the must, therefore, with (D Teiveru) 10 absolutely incomprehensible. 6 Teivuuv TO tosov aOroO kui irepiB^oeuj lu ^axiv otrXu auToO, strike out the two negatives, although the elimination of a negative is one of the most hazardous

We

operations of textual criucism. But another variation of C5 from iH is noteworthy: 11) taxiv ottXu uutoO can never have been the translation of a simple 13^103, but would go back to a 13^">D V^iJ?. Besides, the paralleHsm and the structure of the
in

15

\crse would lead us not to subjoin as the second member a simple 1V1D2 ^Vn^l, which, moreoxer, the jussive ^j?n^ coming immediately before the pause is,

to say the least, unusual. 5, too, has found it necessary to supply a special subject for this clause, and renders: JLK:a;jB oo^f* (.v/V/) wu\ ai JIq. In \iew of the reading ir"\D vbj> ^yn^i, which is conjccturally assumed as that of , 20

and

in

accordance with the structure of the


7^^":% ^yri'*!

first

at 13^103

as the original reading.


T\b^T\

n^J? is

three words, the common

we easily arrive word for hostile

(ri:;gnssiofi,

so that

can actually

mean

the enemy,

(j)

+ D'13.
D'bbiyn can, in the context, hardly mean anything else Z% simply retain the obscure word.
;

(11)

The word

than quivers^ 25

as C53 translate

(13) in K"-"thib "msiy.

The two words


for
C5's

nex are very obscure, but are found in all the Versions; xd airXdYXva oou is merely due to the error of a scribe who wrote 1^03 for "[VS3. TDK is pointed by a number of witnesses rittN; but itt has 30 very properly avoided this, as in that case no constr-uclion is to be obtained which would be satisfactory. For the sense, parallelism and context are reliable guides the assonance "[^"il .... "]Sp must be regarded as intentional.
'^sa

reading

ei?

(19) in K'^thib 3ipvv

iH

t33t91,

which gi\es no satisfactory sense; we should have


(?

to

read B3 ^nWM 35

in'pni,

with

nTiaonST ND3t9

p'?in "jxisy^l

in xbiS 13

"T r)X,

in conformit\- with

the primary passage 10,16. C5, therefore, correctly, 6ti 6 irXdoui; rd iravra (xhxbc, iaix KXiipovoiaia auroO. 5 combines ill and (5: vOO(J.aiB a>oo( Vs ffaj jll
yQatloLr^ji
J

^f

,e.

(30)

itt

reads

WSn

which, in paralleHsm with nacJ,

is

extremely harsh.

We

shall,

40

have to read the Hof'al with (SO, wliile 5 o^al '^'^i-^iOiN oioo^ QM^il, has both verbs in the active xoice. The Masorites probably pointed the consonantal form m^'n as an active verb, because the Hof'al does not elsewhere occur in the OT, the Nif'al being the usual passive.
therefore,
(34)
itt itt

K^thil) liCDn xhzv,. K'^thib lirsn.

45

ill
itt

K^thib ijybD.

has '.3nnn, and the Q"^rc has the same verb "'3n''in; hut we must derive the form from the stem rn3, and so point ^3n'^n. (41) in + -!idB>, an Athbash for !?23; cf ad v. i (p. 76), and 25,26 (p. 54). The fact 50 that the word disturbs the elegiac scheme evidently intended here (note the ^^*<!), is sufticient to show that it is a later interpolation.
(43) ia

+ p.

50

lo:i.\j ol, rn^:} ^;. <y. 51, 10. 35,11.

he iutldeu ch

iiuikci the expression finer (6) in K*^thib n'n.


ill

and more

vivid.

K'^thib D'a2l,

which

is

(7;

utterly

meaningless and a mere

clerical c:
,

V nin\

(8) m. K'^thib 1KSV (n) i K'^thib 'not?n.

i K'^thib "bipn. in K'thib 'CIEn.


in points
stein crn.
(JoTcivr)
;

C^-i,

and, therefore, regards the word as feiniiun'


.>>

10

Ail textual witnesses, with exception of S&, point


siciit
;

vHuli super hcrbam (f Kpm '^ipa (similarly ; But in this case we should have to read cither Kcn rbjyr T '^j? n^ipa, and besides the reading of itt is correct in point during which the animal could cat at pleasure (Dcut. 25,4;, ^.
this

pointing.

m
.^

(Hos. 10,11), and, according to the very common metaphorical aj*, w of the word t/ircs/i, the action which is here hgurati\ cly described, the work of the enemies of Israel, the plunderers of the inheritance of jHVif, is in fact a thr(shin)^.
SS^

K'=thib ""bnsni.

(5) in K=thib n^n^icK. (17)


SBi

20

the two words must be divided, mr.nr. pc?Kl. The object, which is expressed in all the other \\\ hardly be dispensed with, while pr" can here stand very .^^i .lu.^^. w.^ ai .i ,t
]i-in innn, but, following

has

Huzig,

..

(21)

S&.

-HDnnnx.
'

25

(29) in points D'3"i,

and exegetical tradition agrees in rendering noXXolq. But k\.< -;* parallelism would lead us to follow Rashi in deriving it fr^ shoot, and to point, in accordance with Gen. 21,20, D'a*!. M to Job 16, J, a passage to which Kashi expressly refers, the pointing 2*2*5 perhaps be intended to bear this meaning. 30 7h is a Kbl 'ip; (5X5 had it also; cf. v. 26.
1
:

m2
(5

(30) S&

+ vx\r\

CV3.

(31)

S&,

reads TJ?!!??; see

adt.i^

(p. 48).

(32) SX rnpa.
tive

^iS)

(38)

In poetry the figuracf. 21,14 and also 46,23. form of speech is always to be preferred to t' .il. or anil more rmnl ^ ^31- ^-J merely nuvxes. Hie asyndeton is nnu and the l a dittogram from the preceding nn*. In this place alone ill points 2'ih, on account of prosaic consider. ncss. The whole structure and plan of t! figure of anaphora, to which this sec;. .. ., |uire y^r\, which is, moreover, the reading of 5. The in (5, but even here no inconsiderable number of MSb, among them #^, read

^v tiL bpujiiu auxn^;

'

udxaipa(v)
(44)
iil

^ttI

tlu

Oban

aurf^^.

KHhib DSn.
which
is

(45) in m:,

also attested
Dni:.

by

6.

Nevertheless

primary passage 49,22,


51
''1'

In S& the D has

we must read with <i3, dropped out before Vfc.


"^'
^'''<"

.nui tl;c

.;;

itt

'tsp

aV,

which
in v. 41

is

a so called Athhis/t

for C'-r"
i.,\i >
ith

''^^

^'''

25,26 and
(5

of the present chapin,

still

had the
D'lt,

(2)

ilX

points

original reading, koI im toOi; KaTOiKoOvxa? Xc but the context absolutely rctjuircs Q**;*, ;
(tuxi'iv,

tJppiOTUi; Koi

Ka0uppioouav

and

;3

^olslJo

f'la

of m.

17,27 5.5
17
pccially

-^aS'is-'^ 'T^ttcmiA?)

^est>^

75

Neh. 13,15-22. \\'c also find in this passage many details of expression not agreeing with the style of Jeremiah which add external confirmatory evidence to the internal grounds of suspicion. But, on the other hand, the whole tone and form of expression is so plainly intended to imitate Jeremiah, and depends so evidently on parallel passages of Jeremiah, that we must assume that a
partisan of

Xchemiah put
it

and incorporated

sabbath sermon into the mouth of the prophet into his book.
this

39

(iff")

C. 39 has

no connection at all with c. 38, and presents an entirely ditierent legendary narrative of the fate of Jeremiah after the capture of Jerusalem. The 10 narrative, in its present form, has been worked over and interwoven with the older account, in the course of which some of its details have been omitted.

(4)

The reading

\'erses 4-13 are wanting in (5, but improperly. of ill and all the Versions is Dxn ncxD, refering

back

to v. 3 (wliich,
15

however, belongs to a diftcrcnt connection), and giving an altogether false sense. It was not the knowledge that the Babylonian generals had taken position at the middle gate, but the perception of the fact that Jerusalem was captured, that drove Zedekiah and the troops which still remained, to seek their safety in
thght by night. A\ reads t<S''l, but

53 have, correcdy, the plural, c^ egrcssi sunt, which is also 20 the reading of the parallel passage 52,7 (IS^M). (8) Jll n'3. 5, and the parallel passage 52,13, correctly, "na. (U) V. 13, returning to v. 3, leads over to v. 14, which belongs to the older narrative;
it

must, therefore, be attributed to the latest redaction.


25

40

I,

The beginning
inx innpa
r\'cr\':\

of

v.

reads

in the

traditional text: nNI3 irT'OT


nbt?

n\n IB^K 12nn

]d D^nata 2n

pxinsi inx

nn nin\

But

this superscription can-

not be original, for in the whole of the follo\\ing section no word of God whatever comes to Jeremiah. must, therefore, see in these words another result of the combination of the two narratives of the experience of Jeremiah 30 after the destruction of Jerusalem. The statement that the following scene, the

We

Nebuchadnezzar issued in 39,12, took place in of course, essential, and forms part of the original contents of this account, in the reconstruction of which it must, therefore, be retained. The words which we have inserted in the text on purely conjectural grounds, and 35 without any external support, would restore in the simplest manner the connecfulfillment of the royal edict of

Ramah

is,

tion
(3)
i\\

between 39,12 and 40,1


nnj?i.

6.

i-ntn (Q'^rc lann) nan or"? hmi.

(4)

i\\

nin
-1-

jH
ill
ill

nvn.

40
r\zh^ I'i'V^ "ic^'n h)x\ aid
in

-H
-f
5

baa
"i"?

"riK u"7.

new

bs

"i^jb"?

pxn

^3

ns-i.
aitf'

(5)

\'.

begins

JH with the utterly unintelligible


Yf),

words

\^

imvv
45

JH

''"lya.

iv

which

is

decidedly better.

50

For cc. 50 and 51 the student should consult BuDDic's conclusive investigation, Ubcr die Ccipiit'/ j^o u/td ji dcs Biichcs Jcrcinia, \\\Jah}biichcr fiir dciitschc TItcologic, vol. xxiii, pp.
(2)
Jll

428 470; 529-562.

+- Tvh'hi inn n-'asy ny"'an.

(5)

1^ reads

^ibii, but seems, by the pointing iNa, which, of course, can only be 50 the imperative, to intend to indicate that 1lb:i also is to be taken as an irregular

imperative Nif'al.
in

Were

1lb:i

correct,

we should

at least

have to read

11^31

1ai

accordance with 63, Kai

iisouai Kai

KaTa9eOEovTai.

We read, therefore, with 5

'^

74

''^ti^<9**

2*xtmia^ -<repeatedly

44,1717,27
in

44
(1719.25)

crescences which wc have already


sections.

encountered

the narrative

Here

also

i\l

points everywhere n'DWn ri2jD^;

(19) itt-j-n2V?f^ with special which is wanting in i,

i/. note on 7,18 p. Masoretic marginal note, HBT 'nn, Tl. has been explained in various ways: i
.-

51

'

-'
-

, _

lendam earn; A, ctq kukujoiv; I, tiL f^uTTTuj aOrfi?; in some Greek MSS wc The most probable oopjia which may be the rendering of 0. ' that gi\en by Kashi, in accordance with Job 10,8, to so that the meaning would be to make an imacr of the
.

find Koi

(22)

Al
ill

+ ::c?v
4-

(23)

pwD. ntn Dr2.

10

(29.30)

Jer.

fact that vv. 29 and 30 arc not original has been (-icun_\ ino.sn \j\ iiu/jo. docs not give an niK anywhere else; and the way in which the (all of llophra is here predicted as not caused by the conqueror of Zcdekiali shows thai wc have here a vaticiniiim ex cvcntu. The real Jeremiah mentions, (43,1012; 15 46,2ofr.) the catastrophe of Hophra as brought about by Nebuchadne/zar, which .* is also the view of Kzekiel in his Egyptian propliecies, cc, 29-32. In

The

the conclusion of the biographical portion of the Book of Jeremiah is ii we expect, beyond question, the continuation of the narrative to the catastrophe.

And

this mutilation

must be regarded as

intentional, for the traditional account 20

of the tragic end of the venerable prophet is supported by every external and internal probability, and it is easy to understand how in later times pains would

be taken

to

draw the

veil

of obli\ion over this sad and shameful occurrence.

10

(59) Throughout

this whole section the text of (S is very corrupt and in a " condition; so much, however, is certain, that (5 read v. 9 before vv. : position of V, 9 is by far better and more na'ural than in ill. and n

.:>

>

30

have been
(5)
Jtt

original.
is,

reads "Wi\ which


11,

of course, a

mere

clerical error.
'

(11)

being written in Aramaic is ^uineicni ic .c as something sui generis, must be considered a very late intcrpoi passage 10,116, itself a late addition. It violently separates vv. 10 and 12, 35 which belong intimately together; but it is found in (S which, on the other hand, 'f omits v, 10, and also vv. 6-8. This wide divergence of ini arouse suspicion; moreover, the whole passage io,i-i6 is -. style of Deutero Isaiaii, that no one but a late writer conversant
V.

which the

fact of its

'

can be

does not belong to the very latest portions of 40 the book of Jeremiah, since, as is shown by the citation 51,15-19, it was rcgiirded by the author of cc. 50.51 as an integral part of the book.
its

author.

Ne\crtheless

it

(13)

itt

K^"lliib

p.
Dy.

17

(19) JU

K'^^tliib

45

(23) (24)

ill

K-^thib

pDW.
Jeremiah nowhere else

JU K^thib n2.

(19 27) This passage is not by Jeremiah, but quite late. lions the Sabbath at all, and is such an earr.

men
*

have connectcil "i.,i lu. JO f Sabbath such promises, even going so far as to 1.. Wc are reminded rather of the str.. it. Judah and Jerusalem dependent upon of Ezra and Nehemiah for the carrying; out of the law of the ); ^. c*
of the
that he cannot

Law

41,6 44,T2
41
(6)

-^HS-^s-^*

^cvimia^

*>2-K^-

73

It ill reads nai^ "ifprt Tj^h. any motive for Ishmael's impossible weeping, whereas the eighty men, who come as mourners, are the natural subject of the verb here. 6 therefore, correctly, ai'Toi ^TTopeuovTO xai 6K\aiov.
is

to

see

(7)

iH
ill

+ lin.
has
in^bli n^a,

(9)

which

is

utterly

meaningless and admits of no explanation.

(5,

with very slight variation from the consonantal text of ill, cppiap ^ifa. 05 merely Kai Td? Bv^faxipaq (10) ill reads HB^Jcn Dnxiran DJ?n Vs n1 nbon niia r\. ToO paaiX^uuq. The conjunction is indispensable; the rest in i\\ is a needless addition,

and a mere repetition of what has been previously


This, too,
is

said.

i\\-r n-'jna ]3 buy^^s" ontr^M.

(16)

We

must emend, with HiTZiG, buy^V

10 a needless repetition. r\'2V ntJ'N instead of the traditional reading,

2^1^,1 ItTK. The corruption would be still easier to explain, if we could assume, with HiTZiG, that the original reading was, '?J>DC"' cn n^rvn ^tr^; but no Hif'il of the stem naw occurs.

bxjJOty rix

(17)

ill

K^thib DniD3.
Kai Alapiac,;

15

42

(i)

ill ifl
ill

n-'in,

0)

cf.

43,2.

(2) (6)

'73.

K^thib

13.

(12)

ill points i'ty.ni, and 6, too (Kai dmaTp^i|JUJ u|nd(;), derives the word from the 20 stem DIB?. The first person in has no weight against the third person in ill, which latter is the only correct reading. But S3, et habitare vos factam, derive the form from the stem 3B?\ and this is what the whole context positively re-

quires.
ill

has

Vn.

25

(18) (20)

ill ill ill

+ 'neni.
K*=thib n^nynri;

a mere clerical error,

n3\-i'?x nin^ b.

43

(10) ^^
ill

'fiaotJ.

055, better, Kax^KpuvjJaq.

30

K-^thib nnst?.

(11)
(12)

ill K'-'thib

nsav
Kai Kauaei. Kai cpGeipieT THv Aituittou of course, genuine and reproduces 35 Perhaps C5 read another verb instead of noj?.
v. 12'' in C5,
is,

""nitm; (5,53, better,

The

original

and remarkable rendering of


t6 ijudTiov auToO,
far better, touc;

oiaTTep cpBeipi^ei uoiiayiv

the original sense of the passage.


(13)
ill

reads nnsa p3.

(5,

^v Qv;

cf.

Gen. 41,45.50; 46,20, and

Ez. 30,17 ().

44

(3)

itt

reads DD^ni2Ni DfiK nn, which


follows.
<S,

is

intended to lead over to the direct address 40

which
(9)

iH VC3.

(11.12-'';

and to be right in reading the suffix pronoun of the third person singular, as against the second person plural of 6. 45 Verses 11 and 12-'* appear in ill in the following form: \n'?N niN3S nin' lOX ns 13^ \aa ntrw min" n-isB? n ^nnp^i'^ rrwrv ^3 n nn3n^i nyn"? d33 "'iS u& ""ajn b'sii^"' ^na ny^ i^Dpo len"' dv"i3 sins i'je' ciso y-ixs ^3 im db^ nii"? ansa px sn"? on-'aD ino"' 3j?"i3l 3"in3. on the other hand, bid toOto outui? eitre Kupioi;" ibou ^yuu dqpiaxfi.ui TO TTpoaujTTOv |nou ToO dTToX^dai Travxai; Touq KaTaXoi-rroug tolk; ^v 50
(f5,

In t'le words are wanting altogether. TUJv dpx6vTUJv vjilIiuv. Tiic "]? and the D"'nB' always form a sysygy, the mention of the D^tr would be decidedly missed here, ill, however, seems
better, vooi^ooto v**9-

AifUTTTUJ, Kai TreaoOvTai ^v ^Ojaqpaia Kai iv The text as given by us varies lae'fdXou.

\i|uu),

Koi ^KXeivjJOuaiv drro laiKpoO ?iuq


this latter

from

form merely
ill

in the

position of the conjunction in a single instance.


Jer.

Here again

exhibits

all

the ex-

10

^^

-*<H '^ixtin\A% >0- f


coi;'
l.
;

37;-4I
c.

37

the most intimate connection with the

34
.>

have been nanutcd alony with tliem. The iry reii* ...j is supposed in 34,21.22 to be already knowni and therefore in which it is reported, 37,5, must necessarily have stood originally before 34.21 Moreover, the two verses which at present open c. 37, and severed from its connection with c. 34, are of the nv character, and clearly bear the stamp of mere p.i 37,4 from this connection and the placing of 37,3 after 37,5 are
\

consequences.
iu

34

Si Q^rc m^23M. The llif'ii of 023 occurs nowhere else. n2^, is entirely superfluous an TKO, which, alongside of (12) iO
(iij

+ nw

nw

prchensible,

and

is

properly wanting in .
15

37

(4)

i K'^thib ^!?3n;
SS<

if.

(16)

K3

'3,

which
r.si.

is

52,31. syntactically ver\- strange

and

difficult.

KaJ fiXOcv.

(19) in K'^thih

38

(3)
(4)

S&.
.fll

only "3.
-f D^^.wn.

(S,

belter,

on

outoj*;.
all

It is

easy to understand how, after

that

comes between, the 20


his is not in-

need would be

felt

clearly to designate the subject

froi:

dispensable. of (5) in D3nK, according to which the words would be part of the speech Zedekiah, and would contain a confession, on the part of the king, of his unworthy situation. IJcttcr, w ith , iTp6<; aOxou?, as an cxplanator>' remark of the 25 narrator.
(10,

nn^ff
ill

is

a generally accepted emendation of Hlizn/s for


in^D"*.'

i...

...aional

Dt't

N"3in

nx.

(fi,

simi)lcr

and

better,

merely

av'rrov.

(11)

.fll

K=thib mznon.
inD3.

(16)

1+
ill

attested as "ip ^', 3V.;. well (23; in points r^itP, probably on account of the r which can. however, very stand with the passive. Much better and more naturally 6(ti KaraicauOi^oeTai.

n, which

Here a useless addition. is, how ever, expressly

39

('5''^,'

liiAnother tran^pusuion iiuisi be inauc lien-. Ebedniclech in person forms the natural conclujt regards matter and time, before the conquest of Jerusalem which

-'

'

*'

"'

'

'"

3*

is

in 39. 'ff,16;
(14';

in K'^thib *30

l)cft)ic

ns

inuneiii.iiely follow ing.

IJetwecn 39,14 and 40,6 must originally have stood a statement of the fact that 40 tiedahah was appointed the Babylonian governor over the people who and that he took up his abode at Mizpah.
:

40

(S^

without copulative conjunction. Since in the (5 Kui laiavav uloi; Kapn<. of the narrative only a mp p ]3nv appears, the doubUng of the name v
-*n

VxyOffM;

(Tti

aW has

mp

'13

p:vi ]jnvv

e 45
"

be referred
in K"=thib
(10)

to

an uncorrected
better and

clerical error,

'D'.y.
(5,

in U''r.
ill

much

more

in

keeping with the context, <9*

did<.

D3'''j;3.

(8

merely ^v Taiq

it(\X(JIv.

41

(0 iU-f
(3)

I'jcr. '2-11.
riK.

X^ -f VT>Vni

27,2237,5

-fS*--

^ivmia^

-^-e^sji*-

71

27

and

translated,

genuine ancient
tion in

and that alone, can stand as forming an integral part of the In kui tujv eiriXoi-rrajv 0Keuujv we have probably a corruptext. the Greek text for Kai ^iri tOuv Xoittujv aKeuOuv.
:

28

(0 Al reads
"^N "iK.
TT^ia-rrTO)

'C'ann c^^3 n-'ponn n:i3 min^ ]'? Tpns n:beo n^B?n3 \nn n33 mm 6: Koi ^Y^vexo ^v tuj TeTdpruj erei lebeKia paoiXeuji; 'louba ^v jurivi tuj cTtt^ |.ioi, the eye of the scribe having wandered from nJtrn to niU>2.
elaborate date

is utterly out of place here. Every attempt to represent what is here reported leads to the recognition of the fact that we have, in cc. 27 and 28, a connected narrative, in which the events follow one 10 another in swift succession. After Jeremiah has completed his warning and dissuasive words, Hananiah immediately presents himself, and both by speech and

But

this

to ourselves

(3b.4)

by symbolical action defends the opposite view. n Verses 3b and 4 read in ill: Dipen p ^23 ^'7D "lSNJn:U3 npb ^V nU"' n^2 '''?3 Tvti 'ix n'722 D'nn miiT r\)bi b^ r\i<\ mm^ -\b^ u'p'''\T\'> ]2 ,Tir nxi'* bn oK'n"! nn 15 b^2 'l"?D by riN "lawx ^3 nin"" DiS: run DipDn "jn. , on the other hand, has: rd (jKeuii o\'kou Kupiou Kai 'lexoviav Kal xnv diroiKiav 'louba, oti cruvTpii|iuj tov luyov Here, too, as in 27, 19-22, excrescences may be recognized paoi\^iu<; BaPuXuJvo?.

in the text of
(11)
ill

ill,

and the briefer recension of 6


needless repetition.

is

original.

+ "isxinsisa.
n"'tt"'

20
mj;D, a

iil-f

DTiJW

At the end of v. 1 1 Al and all the \'ersions have the words ismb K"'nin .T'OT' j'?''1, except 6, which has merely: Kai uixeTO 'lepe)uiai; ei*; t^v obov autoO. But the following words of Jeremiah can only be conceived as the immediate answer to the symbolical action of Hananiah it would be utter nonsense to suppose that the prophet 25 after this action goes quietly home, and does not speak what follows till several days have passed. Moreover, the introduction of these words by moKl ^1^^, from which the addition I3m^ n^DT "jl^M has arisen, must not be understood to mesm that Jeremiah, when he spoke these words, was no longer in the presence of Hananiah but in some other place; r/., on this point, 35,13, and especially 30
;

39>i6.
(13) in
(14)
n^trj^l.
(!)

Kai Trouiow,

is

undoubtedly correct.
iii'

V. 14 reads in Al: u'Mn Vs


1*?

by "rni b\^2 by
"iba

^-ity^

\i'?s risn:}

^nna

mt^n

n-'n

dji

imayi b2z

nssnnsi rs n^yb
BaPuXOuvoq.

nbart.

i6,

mn" ick ns "3 on the other


Tf\v

hand, has only: oti

outuj<; elTie Kupioc*

lufov aibiipoOv eGriKa

im

rpaxn^ov 35

TTcivTUJv Tiijv devujv ip^fuleaQax tuj paoiXei

51

('59ft'.)

to us as an appendix to the long to make it applicable there, vv. 60'' 50 and 51 and 62 were interpolated later, and these verses must of course be omitted if 40 we would restore the original form of the narrative.

This remarkable narrative has come down


against Babylon,
cc.
;

oracle

(64)

At the end of
liT'DT.

passage A\ adds the Avords, wanting in , ''12T nin "J? IBJJM meaningless ISJJM can only have strayed in here through some unfortunate accident from v. 58; it is the concluding word of the long oracle against Babylon. The words in'OT '>"Qi njn ny are, after the analogy of 45 Job 31,40; HI 72,20, a note intended to mark off the speeches of Jeremiah from
this

The

utterly

Book
34
(5)

the historical appendix of Jeremiah.

c.

52; they

owe

their origin to the final redaction of the

A\ niBnt?e2l.
itt

e/

scanidum combustiones;

C5.S

Kai

dii;

iKXauaav.

50

(7)

+ nnnun.
The
facts related in
c.

37

(5)

Another transposition must be made here.

37 stand in

70

-'HB'<*^ J^trcmiaf)

36.3; jy.ij

36
'j2)

}\\

r n3trin.
li.i..

i\\
\-.

'.Eon
(5,

i.T"",j

ina b

njn^i n-'.nx n^io

npb wd".".,

2S.

more

briefly, Kui
reading,',

cd as
.n

tlic orijfinal

fXupe Bupoux x"pTov t'ltpov, \\ altcrctl in ill in accordance with

v, 28.

45

14^

These words, which ai. c K'nn f"> whole sense. We must at ! the grief of liaruch over the sorrow and atlliction which he must write has reference to the cahimity with which the people ofGodar'

N'n

V"^**'

/; TuS.

tally,

distort the

the ^reat

thinj,'

whicli liaruch seeks

and

//id/ whicii

JUVH has

but'//

11 is evidently the tuminjf awa> luui plantcii, can refer to lsr,ii/

with prophetic usage.

27

(l If.)

The narrative uf cc. 27 and 28, a> will appear later un, na^ arranged and very much revised. A transposition must be n. beginning, and the date, 28,1, be prefixed to the whole narr.r
1

I;i

ill.

27 begins with the words, (Q'^rc: in*WK') wmj<' ]2 D'pMn* raVtir; rTK^S, which irs has long been recognized as a palpable error, since in v. 3 / : .. as the king then reigning in Jerusalem. The error may have ....
c.
' '

'

where the statement


c.

is

quite correct.

(5

has no superscription at

all,

but

':

->

27 with V. 2: ouToiq eiire Kupioq* Troinoov J^ocauTip] b<TMOu? xal kXoiou^. date in the superscription is indispensable. Since, however, c. 28, which forms the immediate continuation of c. 27, at least does not need a
'

iJut
"
<

culties are
(i)
(2)

c. 27 removed if we simply transfer the words of 28, i to the Instead of n3W3 the Q*r6 reads n3W3; cf. ad yz,\ (p. 63). ^S 6 has, correctly, only in '^K, contrary to the style of the narrative sections.

ouTiuq
(6)

elite Kupio(;.

rh7i

ms^MH

^3 nw.

<6,

better,
(S.

simply

Tf|v -fnv.

(7)

Verse 7 is properly wanting in is to be merely transitory', and


decidedly inappropriate

The

idea that the dominion of the Chaldcan^

is

to fall to pieces after the third

(9)

(12.16)

where it is much ir prophet to depict the power of Nebuchadnezzar as lei Jll ornb^n, but the parallelism imperati\ cly requires xtuv ^vuirvtalon^vuiv u>iu>v, which is actually the reading of (553; cf. ad 2g,S (p. 61). -'" , -j^c 35 Here and in V. 16 the reading ofill;md all the Vcr
in this place,
1

not appropriate to the n.i person undoubtedly belongs; even the "hH of v. 2 is wanting in . both cases i3nr.
to the first
is

27
I.

therefore, read in
-

(18)

M has

<

"
-^
-

ISi 'nV3^, wliicli

is

al)solutely im;
point.-.,
..
^

allowable here, and itself, but ^3; we arc

therefore

".s;,
:

left,

the imperfect WU\ The out after the final ' of "rh^b.
(19 22)

therefore, the choice between the latter is the more probable; the initial

of

WO dropped

^33

Verses 19-22 aj.pear in ill in the following form: C'lcyn rs .-.<35 n'."!' rs: 2 rn^n rps n'lrur: cVsn t' Vp^ r'^y^i^'y Vyi o'n hf\ 45 -[bo -iSKin^na unpb nh -wh'" n'5'3' rn wt^a n'jjrn'i min' nn b: tki nV33 oVrr.'o mr.' iVo D7"..t p (Q'rfi TJr)
nb33-c'rr-.-'.'i

m,r,' |'?a r.'3i

n'n'r'3 c^-r'in c'Vrr: 'pVK-r'

'rS

r'HZ.t

""

"

"" "'"

n\n DipC'i '? able ditVuseness

a\"^3u.-i D'n^H'^^ ~^"'

dw

c" '"r^

-^''

"'I'

''"''

"^'^' '-^-""

evidently owes has in fact the following shorter form, which the opening words have been s(

and

prolixity

its is

origin to latrr
tljc

re^i

certainly

Tiuv ^TTiXoiiTiuvcrKemuv, ibv oi'k l\


tH kpoudaXfifi,
ti>;

Bnt^i'XtiJva tiot

'"

19,236,28
ig
(2)
ill
iJl

--fi3<-^*

^cxtmia^ ^^>s*3<>^

69

K^thib niDinn.

(11)

+ inp^
V.

just as

]>iit (5 lias TruXri<; tik xPOeie. DlpO 1^ND nap"" nenai. These words, which are identical with 7,32'', 6 with 7,32-'*, here unnaturally separate the correlative clauses, and

destroy the connection entirely. By changing their position and inserting them, for example, after riNtn T^j^n nxi in the same verse (so Ew.xr,!)), nothing is
gained. In 05 they are, very properly, wanting. This reading has the sup(12) jH nnbl, through dittography of the final 1 of vatyvbl. port of (T alone. \\'e should at least have to read, with ;53 c/ ponaiii, 'nfllV ,
(13)

simply, ToO boOvai. soon must be the correct reading, and

(T

2XD)in nsin "inKD,

seems actually

to

have 10

has D^SOUn, but to take this as in apposition to the singular nsnn mpO is altogether out of the question. If we should attach the n to nsn", and read, in accordance with Is. 30,33, D'SttD nnnn DIpttD, we should undoubtedly

read thus,

ill

remove the chief objection; but, in the first place, nnsn in this single instance, while we have nsn everywhere else, would be very strange and, in the second place, we should certainly expect to find CNCB before nnsnn Dipl23, whereas (5 Ka6ub(; 6
;

15

TOTToq 6 biaTTiiTTUJv, diTo Tiijv UKaeapaiotv aiJTiuv dv -rrdaaK; loxc^ oiKiaic;, bears indirect testimony to the traditional order of the words. might be tempted

We

to read, with

05,

Dni<b)2,

but this

is

wholly un-Jeremian.
it

nothing else but to read SCOn, though thus obtained is rather feeble.
S\
'^D!!I1.

There remains, then, must be acknowledged that the sense 20


7,18
is

The

infinitive

absolute,

which

in

very strange here. According to 32,29, (15) iH K'^thib "ntt, before the following !?s.

we should read

entirely in place, would be ^3pril; 05 Kai ^aireicrav.

25

20

>;

ill

K"'2in in-'OT
ViV"

ns

"iintPS nD''l.

05

merely kuI

d-irdTaEev auTov,
ns'i.

cf.

26,23.

The

read-

ing

probably preserves a trace of the original


in^C'T'

26

(i)

The words

^X are wanting in
27,1; 34,1; 36,1,

ill

and

all

the \^ersions, but can hardly be dis-

(2)

pensed with; ill has "jy. + ^iy, which

and

49,34-

is

wanting

in 05;

cf.

7,2; 17,20; 36,6.

(5)

iH DDWni, probably a

mere

clerical error; all the \'ersions

and the

parallel pas-

(6)
(8)

sages 7,1315; ",7; 25,3.4; 29,19; 32,33; 35,14.15; 44,4, agree in omitting the conjunction. 35 in K<=thib nnstn.
in has
nji',

but these consonants must have originally been intended to have the
. .
.

aura), as in 36,8. pronunciation niS, % 0VJveTae ill Dyn ^3V But an omission of these words in 05 would be hard to explain, while, on the other hand, it is entirely in keeping with the situation for priests 40 and prophets to take the initiative and incite the people, as in v. 11, where

they are the authors of the accusation, and as, vice versa, in v. 16 the words of Jeremiah make such an impression on the people that they turn against the
priests
(18)
(24)

and prophets. Instead of n'3^ the Q'^re would read the more usual form of the
very

name

n3"'n.

45

that v. 24, though it forms the immediate continuation of v. 19, is separated from it by the intervention of v\-. 2023; for Ahikam, the son of Shaphan, also belongs to the princes of Judah who here sit in judgment
It is

awkward

upon Jeremiah.
50

36

(17)

ill-fl^BD,
is,

which has been erroneously and awkwardly introduced from therefore, properly wanting in 05.

v. 18,

and

(28)

ill

4- D''iB'nn.

68

-<4{8-(

Jmmia^ >^
'

3,I7_1^I
'

l^b'.Q

we should expect the

infinitive

(Graf;.

(lant,

while up to this point we have a well members. (5 evidently did not read the words, and
diftcrent

somewhat

Kupioc; 6 eeo; oou. coherent and iiulepcndent passage, is certainly very ic..., of n can hardly be regarded as a mere variant; yet it seems to dent to abide by ill, on account of the strict parallelism two members of the verse.
,

had the lexl oi form: ouxi TaOra ^Trofrja^ tfoi xd KaraXmciv ot This yn^H DJO, as a more cot

a
fi

nw

'

..

,;

between the
t

r\

12

(4;

Instead of I2nnn n,

(S

has bboix; fmaiv=l3'mmK which

may be

the better re

ing; but it is impossible to come to any decision in regard to such a firagment, standing, as it does, apart from all context

17

(8)

The

Q'^re following the


nb'i

false

analogy of

v.

6,

which

is

altogetl.

instead of n' k^I; this reading of the Q*Td has only the support of f The K^thib is correct, and we must, with (633, point irjv nnVl. (53, better, without the conjunction. (10) .m K=thib i:-n3.
.

would read here nxy

M
ill

(11)
(12)

K'thib

It3\

V".

12 in the

form
v.

in whicli

it

has

come down

to us
t'

can only be an

'

to

(lod, parallel to nin^ ^NnD' n*.pD, v. 13,

and must

'

nection with
to

13.

Hut

this

causes considerable din


n

conceive of 13^pD Dlpo as said of JHVH; QXyo is a most unnati; for the one who sits enthroned in the heights of heaven; and in the n. Som^ passage in Jeremiah, 14,21, in3 D2 refers to ]c'

ci

25

'

been disposed
r/oi/s

to

regard the whole verse as an

phe

to

high throne from the beginning, place of our sanctum taken the sentence as a separate statement: The place ofour sand high throni' from the beginning. iJut the laiterintei; no connection with the context, and introduces a pc::
unintelligible drought; wlule the former, an invocation of j place whence alone salvation can come, involves an idea not to be the prophet who '7, 13-15) so emphatically pi
ic
<

n
*

of the temple of Jerusalem.


form, ep6vo<;
boErji;

Since

(5,

loo, h.i

i...

...,.,,

.^.-.-

uijiiuu^voi;,

AY'aaua

flMiuv,

we

are forced to
-.

them a
13

later addition.

lobs' y'.Ka T"\1D1 is


for

Kw.vLDs extremely
But

iiajjpy ei!

,,^

which the

Q'^r6 reads ^"'IDV

this

sudden

..

easily

tremcly harsh, and we should certainly read, witli 3 drop out immediately before 3. Without cither pronotn
liovJoo

and 4

The
is

traditional OJnr' pj<2

i-

The

fiKUie tiitv shall be written on the eart/i


ver>- peculiar,

i.i.n

i^,

,1.

imperislialilc rock)

and

is

not to be

mi

c
4.?

expect here an idea parallel to the prcccdini^ ^OV All thcvc solved in the simplest manner by E\v.\i i>"s emendation W^?'; f""J2 then, must, of course, be connected with yiioi.
difficulties arc

OT; moreover, we

-^|i*^ ^^
^.
,

Kui

(xzi.xc,

dird xiuv npt

nv.

3,

culam fguli testeam a senioribus populi.

3i|2i 2,17
31
tiire

->t--^ ^itcmiaf) >'-s^*SJion''3n b)}

67
it

of the verse to retain

in the first half,

and omit

in the

second half

of the verse.

3 has

at least:

Rachel plornntis

Jilios

sues ct nolcnlis consulari

super
(21)
(22)
itt

eis.

K^thib ^nabn.
131 531Dn
is VO:^'^

The enigmatic words


I'Inglish translation.

arc certain so far as the textual criticism

is

concerned, but their meaning


(28) in

very obscure; see the explanatory note to the

(35-37)

+ T'3Knbi mn'ji ^inibi, wWch is wanting in ffi; rA also 1,10. Verses 35.36.37 are found in (D in the order 37.35.36. HiTZiG strikes them out as being in the style of Deutcro-Isaiah, and only loosely connected with the 10
preceding. D'Si is wanting in the
I-C^thib,

(38)

but

is

expressly noted as

n''n2 kVi

"'"ip,

and

is in

fact

indispensable. (39) iH K'^thilo ':\\'^. JH K'^thib niOlBTi, which (40)

is

merely a
in

clerical error.

15

46

(15)

ill n)5J>

Kb T^n'SK r]nD3

^\'yf^,

which unoi

enallage of the number is very striking. ing the plural, the former rendering: Dpb
QjojB j)o Q^.AJQ u.ajju.ji^

O avoid
ib^S"'

is

difficult to

explain, and the harsh the latter objection by readxbl -[131 nan^N ]n N, the latter:

lion

3 quarc cofnputruit fo7-iis tuns? 20 has the singular throughout. This, however, still does not remove the difficulty of *)nD3, which Z, adhering to the etymology, renders: xi oti 6 has preserved the original rendering, bid ti ^qjuyev auvev|jri(J6n 6 buvaroi; aou. duo aou 6 'Attk;; 6 |u6axoq 6 ^kXckto? aou ouk ^jaeivev, where it should be noted
oa^^kxpl juo ^^^^.^; while
stetit,

that the words dito aoO are wanting in a


6'ATriq

number

of the best and oldest

MSS;

25

speaks for itself; 6 ^K\eKT6(; is an explanatory interpolation. For the parallelism of D3 and nay xb cf. v. 21. points DB' '*<"!i?,) which hardly gives sense. 6 KaX^aaxe to 6vo|aa, and 3 vacate (17) nomen, give the simple and good reading DB^ 'i^^lP(20) ill has n^S nB\ as two words; but we have here a bobtip formation, and must 30 therefore treat it as one word; cf. the verbal form n''B''S'' \\^ 45,3. iH reads K3 t<3, which is certainly a mere clerical error. All the Aversions agree

= r|n

in

(27.28)

On

reading f|\eev i\C aurriv. vv. 27-28, cf. note ad y:i,\o.\\


fact that
vv. 2,14-17

(p. 66).

35

2(14-17)

The obvious

cannot originally have belonged here, be-

cause they interrupt the connection, is duly recognized by Ewald {Propheten, ii^, p. 100), who also (/. c. p. 85) advances the suggestion that Jeremiah himself inserted the verses here in his final revision of the work in Egypt shortly before
verses certainly bear throughout the stamp of Jeremiah's style, 40 is the less to be questioned, since it is impossible to imagine any other reason for their interpolation in the book of Jeremiah. (15) Instead of nnS2 the Q*^re would read in^3; but the passage 4,17 clearly shows that we have here the stem nS3, not n2{\ The singular nnS3, found also in 9,11
his death.

The

and

their authenticity

and 46,
(15.16)

19,

The

superfluous words
if,

sions;

with the feminine plural subject V"lJ> is syntactically unimpeachable. 45 31?'' ""bstt in v. 15 are found, it is true, in iH and all the Verhowever, they be omitted, we obtain for vv. 15. 16 three correctly con-

structed elegiac lines, which can hardly be accidental:

nns2
'^ip:^

v"iv

nttti?"?

is-ix

"in'ts'"'i

50

Tij>T

Dnasnni

t\3 ""33

oi

(16) (17)

ill
ill

K^tWb

DiBnni.
^D^blD

+ i"n3

np, which

is

syntactically very strange; instead of the participle

66

-<>*

3"""''9 -Mo-^*-

3j.-^-j.5

33

(26)

Jtt

K'=thlb 31H, Q'^re n'K.

30

15)

ia na

'2; (65

OUTUJ?.
.

8;

in Tnr.siDl Tiis, a very hurbh enallage of ilie person. 3 indeed lias luo, but, on the other hand, et vincula ejus. <6 tov Zuydv dn<i toO

Tj
h..

auTUJV Kui Touc; beo^iou? auxiLv singuhir suMix in both cases.


(10.

biaji^rjEuu.

In view of tVp,

wc must
wc meet

n) \erses

10. 11 are

here wanting in

(5,

while in 46,27.28, where

wiUi tlcu

again, they are found in (6 also. They are, however, to bi places, since they are so evidently in tlie style of Deuter only be regarded as the work of an interpolator familiar
especially the sudden appearance here of Jacob-Israel, wl. out the whole speech only Judahlsrael is menuoned, and
(12)

cd in boili
liiat

'

they
'

Jacob alone occurs

in

and 18. iU na "T, which


vv. 9

is

intended to form a connection between

this

verse anu uae inter

15

polation; (6 simply oOtuji;. (16) in K'thib TOt?(2224) V. 22, which anticipates 31,1

and is altogether superfluous, \'erscs 23.24, which we have characterized above as ~ arc here, too, an interpolation, and are even less appru,
;.

is
'

wanting in

aJ

2-^,\').i

25

as they stand, they can only be explained as referring to a p. against the godless elements in Israel, which is here entirely foreign to the con text and to the whole meaning of the passage. \'. 22 imore

connected with

v. 21

than 31,1, and the immediate

r^^..

..>.

.;

."*."!'

Ci<:

...

31,1 seems rather strange, so that retain 30,22. But the ^i' mnecD
coimection, and

we might
^r!? in

feel

tempted

to cancil 31,1,

and 2;
\

much more emphadc

31,1 is of special importance in than the simple address of 30,22.

31

(3)

*' because the whole subsequent address, after ^x^D' n^ins, 'nc. " r-c (8, however, foiuae Kupio? tov Xaov 'rs-iCT Kixr n' n^ej?, which is the only correct rendering, since the on of Israel is presupposed as an accomplished fact. The reading of jU 35 to be more than an error, resuldng from the form ^r rather the impression of an intentional alteration here in the text of (Dd has not been fulfilki! (10-14) 'tis evident that v. 15 forms the immediate continuauon of v. 9. '1 ""x address to the nations, in v. 10, is strai.
'

ill D^i>' ranxi -h nx^.i, where ">"?, especially, causes the greatest difficulty. Zif^x\ auTiu- dTduriaiv adbviov, wliich is, pracdcally, merely another division of the 30 words. I'crhaps the scribe stumbled at 1^, wliich would refer to /Knr* in v. 2,

(7)

S^ 10J? rx nin^ Vc'in.

'

'

tincuve

feature

of Deuterolsaiah.
is

'li.,.

..

..

Levitical character, which

decidedly un-Jercmlan: note the

pr'

buted

to the priests in v. 14,

and the

fact that tlje gracious gifts ol

12 are specially limited to grain, .. ... herds, in other words, to all the u that ^XID' and 2pp' are used in the widest sense t vv. 7 and 9 they are used with special reference to the tentnbcs, also exclusively refers. must therefore regard vv. 10-14
. .
,

Wc

and
(15) iH

strike

them

out.

has; PaxnX 50 repetition of .Tia ^p is extremely awkward. dncKXaiontvri oOk fiOtXe nauoaaeat ^ni Toi? uloi? aOrti?; J9 ! ^JLa Vi. Uv6 X,*

n*:3 Vy.

The

'

oU^&oa^
followed

J-Lij:
::?,

n'J3 ^y,
it

tlierefore,

OC'
....

because

is

more

in accoiv...,.

.....

33,526

-^i3@-^ 2^tmia^

-^-s^eji^-

65

33

sense and contents, it is first of all apparent that n^5Sn3n, which is found in all the Versions, is to be pointed as the Nif 'al participle, and taken in the sense of the Latin gerundive, the Greek verbal adjective: t/iosc doomed to dcsh-itct:o?i. D''3

must then be taken as the predicate to n''nB^2n, the rx before the latter word must be omitted. Thus with the smallest possible departure from that wliich has been transmitted to us, the text, in the form proposed by us, yields a sense at once satisfactory and in accordance with the context.
(5) (8)

& riNin vyna; in K^thib in


in
"litre

(5

^tt'

outuuv.

b^:h,
(D,

(9)

DC*?;

better, eig eOcppoauvriv.

10

(l 1)

(14-26)

which is wanting in 6, and is certainly superfluous. The words which stand here in the middle of the verse are, on account of their liturgical and Levitical character, to be ascribed to a later redaction, and consequently stricken out, as in the case of vv. 14-26 of this chapter and of 31 10-14. The whole passage, vv. 1426, is wanting in , and is clearly a later excrescence, 15 whose ideas and views are entirely foreign to those of the real Jeremiah; it is therefore to be canceled. On the other hand, an independent discourse of some length could not well end with v. 13, and we must, therefore, look for a fitting conclusion. Now if we take the passage 23,7-8, which is placed by 05 after 23,40, we find that it serves in both texts as the final paragraph of a long discourse, 20 although it forms a fitting conclusion in neither case. Indeed, the very fact of the var)-ing position of the passage in the two texts, would be sufficient to arouse our suspicion that these verses in c. 23 have not retained their original place. Here, however, at the end of a speech winch deals ex pfofcsso with the future of Israel after its release from the Exile, they would form a most appropriate conclusion. 25
,

+ DniN,

We

also

meet with these

verses, almost

word

for

word, in 16,14-15, where,

al-

though they are to be found in all the \'ersions, they are absolutely inappropriate and interrupt the connection very sensibly. On the other hand, their occurrence in all the witnesses speaks in favor of their authenticity which is, in fact, not to be questioned. 30 The form in which these verses appear herO) is produced by a combination of cc. 16 and 23. In 16,14, iW has nij? nos;; n"?!, against T,p IIDK"' b\ 23,7; but (D has in both places kui ouk ^poOaiv tri. In in the second verse (16,15; reads: D'TiUE'ni -ty Dn"'nn ne'x nisii^n !?doi pes pxo bxic." '':3 ns n'?j>n lex nin"" ^n d ^3 cni^K*? "nnj ntrs cn^2^N bj?. has the same text except that it reads tov oIkov 35 lapai-jX, instead of 'r.snc'' -i^ TK, and ^Eujaenaav instead of nnnn; 23,8, however, in has nisiKn ^:di n:ias ^nD ^sniy- n^a yn? n K"'2n niyNi nbyn ni?N nin^ ^n dx "3 nnois !?>' \ya''\ D Cnmn n^N; and (5: dWa Z\] KOpioq 61; ouvriYa-fe irdv to airepiaa
:

icrpariX

diro "^^c Po^^ct Kai dTro Traooiv tujv \\iip(iiv ou ^tiJuaev auToOi; ^Kei, Koi
ei(;

direKaT^axncrcv auTou?
N''2n ^trsi n'rj^n

ti]v ^r\v aurdiv.


is

The use

of the two verbs together, 40


in

nrs, in A\

very harsh; we, therefore, following 16,15, read

simply n^vn
C5

"itps,

which

is

in

keeping with the parallehsm and

agreement with

(here ouvfyfa-fe, while in the preceding verse n^j?n is rendered by dvi'iYOTe). The reading of irdv to OTr^pua lapar|\ is certainly preferable to the J>n ^3 riN
b^'-\V^

rcz ofJH, since the two exiled kingdoms of Israel andjudah are here referred to. 45 For the conclusion of the verses we have adhered as closely as possible to 16,15.

Instead of D-nmn 23,8, reads nn"'nn, as also in correctly in 16,15. The conclusion of 23,8 in is more closely conformed to 16,15, i^^om the fact that y\ST\\ DniK is read, instead of 12iy'1; cf. ill cnnirnv It must be acknowledged, however,

not

that the reading of in in 23,8 is to be preferred in that it has the stem iiy and 50 y^^ST\. The return to the old home is mentioned in the first half of the verse,

and now follows as a new element, the promise that they


there.
Jer.

shall

always dwell
9

We

therefore prefer to read D^ncaini;

cf.

also 32,37.

^>A

^H3-'-^i> 2{x<m\&fi

<::.

32-;

53;

32
(l

Tuv tv AvuBiuB. The mere fact of ihcir varying posiuon


they are not original.

is

enough

10

(n,

+ ninj>'2 iH + C'pnm
i\\

-iCM,

which

is

rightly lacking in

(6.
1

tLlligiljle,

(12)

.t.xdh. The whole of the following and can only be restored by the help '"couiplisliiiicnt of this task by SlAUE, ZAT ill nipcn -iBon nn ]nKi; (5 kui ibujKa avid.
'

.n

.HI,

ut

(ii.

cy.

the

a-

'"^

i\l

(14^

fiS3 with copulative conjunction. reads the verse: ':b:n "'ED TK'. cnnn rxi nin ripen ied
'J'j.'-;

r n^Kr;
'
'

r-cc- tk

- --

B'3"> D'D'

ntsy

lyts"?

cnn

'"jri nrr.ii run.

(0

also incorrT'.

''

original: Xd^e to pipXiov xri? KTiaiUs Kol 8r)ai? auTo t(q dYTttov iaxpctKivov

touto Kui
i'vu

bla^ivIJ f)M^pa{ irXtCoi


*r

justification of the details

(17-23)

from a combination of these two corrupt versions togcUtci is given by S'lADE, /. i: \'erses 17-23 are found in all the X'ersions, but Stadk, in 7..\T. iii. 15. 175, note, clearly shows that they arc not original.
resulting

ar,

(23)
(25) (26)

A\ K'^thib "]rnnn, Q'rd ^m^^2.


ill ill

+ mn'
won'
^23

^:-:k.
bit.
(5, corrccdy, irpoc; \i{, isx-nr'Si ts": cncrn t2.

cf.

35,12.
ti; x^tpo*; PaoiA^ujc;

(28) (29) (30)

ill
ill ill

-^Xi

6 merely

Ba^uXuj

cnir; rxi

n'.sic".

(5

kuI KaTUKuOcrouai tu; oiKiaq.


.

(35)
(36)

(43)

+ -in^ cs: Dnn^ ntryc2 tx o'D'prts "ik ^kid^ 'aa '2. The^t from the fact that hvc^3^ "32 has not the same meaning here line, and are rightly lacking in lO. iU K'^thib "onn, which is immediately followed by TK. jn D'iClX crx. .Since the reference here can only be 10 himself in vv. 2425, the reading of (6, oO X^ftic, must be jH nncx cn, (D oO X^-feiq.
llll^^l(<

..

is

ui

jeremuui

33

(2-3.

would be
ni.T nb'y.
(4) (4-5;

and, following him, liRAl' have suicken <n:i vv. 2-3 as better, moreover, to read, with (Ti nouiiv -n^si v".xr

.,

'2 is universally attested; but after cutting out vv. 2-3, '3 also muit conjectural restoration of this utterly corrupt p.isaj,;e. .<!! re.tl>: ":"" tz -y c^ncrn rx cn'?n^ q*.s25 :2"!nn ^ni n'rVcn "tk cvrir ::;,-;'. i ';'; Ui>j\ 'i>^ v.

na

y//t'

licstructac

sunt
(5

et

ad

cum
toOk;

Chaldatis.
TiDv

also,

inunitioncs ct ad i^ladium -^: not varying greatly from ill, kui r


11;

louba
2"inn

Ku6r)piiM^vujv

\ixpQ.\'.ac^

Koi

npo^uxluva^

5 t

XuXbaious.

With these words, however, nothing


tc.vt
is

wliat

^m

r:hbz7\ Vk ^-'iT\:\ presents insuperable diflTicuItics.

A
-

the

absolutely nr to adopt the suggestion of K''"-''.s / aftpiuired to flight with the iis.
traditional
<

'W\c
....>.

read 'm; Hut this <>..: difliculty of v. 4'', and even though the whole pa down in its final form after the destruction of with the supposition that Jeremiah wa- ''' and cannot, therefore, allude to the ..
accomplished. It is clear, to begin with, that only llie r.--"" and the houses of Jerusalem the
1

~'

Iwvc

(.

the
in

and swords of luSuirung then from this fixed \" with a view to obtaining from it a form which
fordficauons
4.

V.

will

be

23,3332,8

-'^ii3<^^*

3<^rcwtta^

-ec-o^H-'-

63
to a

23

(33)

-fi

'<V'?""'?"^l!?,

^vhich
(5

is

utterly unintelligible,
A.fiu,ua

and

is

of the words.
{37]

uuic ^are to

= t<en

due solely

wrong

division

cnx.

-^ "!er, but, according to v. 35, we must, with .5" v^i^p'^- read nexn. The corresponding words are altogether wanting in owing to a corruption of the text;

(39)

but the Hexaplar text supplies from outuj^ dpeixe. Jit points and reads Nb'i nrr 'riTJ*; but 652" agree
i-fd)

in

reading bid toOto ibou

\a.updvuj, '^Ajue yO^^ojult Jo V^m, and this is absolutely required by the sense and the play on the words evidently intended here.

21

(3)

All the Versions agree with

ill

in

reading in^pnu ^N pfisn n: cn'bs l.TOT' "icsv,

\a

hich,

10

when compared with v. 8, must certainly be altered to "icxn n3 liTpIS /K. The narrati\e form introduced by the later editor into

^^N nin^ lOX'l

the two open-

ing verses, which serve to explain the situation, has caused the use of the narrative form in v. 3 as well.
(4)
ill

Dniifrn nsi ^32


C-.sn rsi.

-!':'

rs.

only irpo? tou(^ Xa\ba(ouq.

15

(6)
(7)

ill
ill ill

(fiif

without

a/id.

+ ns\
nn^rs

(f),

correctly, koi

T'21

Van

j'?

tov Xaov KOxaXeicpGevTa. issmrin: T2. only ei<^ xeipa<; ^xQpuiv aOxuuv.
ffi

(9',

(11-12^

The Q*^re would read here, The opening words of v. 11

unnecessarily, riTil instead of n'n\ are difficult in ill '(6, however, has 6 oIkoi; ^aaiXeuJC 20 louba dKouaare \6yov Kupiou), and for the last word of v. 12, DiT'^Vyo, the Q'^re would read uybhyii. These two verses do not suit here at all, since in v. 13
is addressed; they are an interpolation based on chapter and especially on 22,3, and must, therefore, be omitted.

also all Jerusalem

v.

14 of this

20

(14^0
(17)

EWALD long since rightly saw that, in the passage 20,7-20, vv. 14-20 should precede vv. 7-13. ill3 have omi? 'Jnrilc k"? ib^X; (55 6ti oOk d-rreKTeiv^ pLe iv \xf\Tpa. What follows shows that not Dmo, but Dm2 is the original and correct reading. Since it did not lie within the power of any human being to bring this to pass, 30 least of all in the power of the VH, who, in accordance with Oriental custom, had no access to the lying-in room, and whose sole task it was to convey the news of the happy birth, we must point "'innio as the second person and take it as an address to Jhvh. Then "WH also, at the beginning of the verse, must be
altered to nab.

35
its

(13)

This verse, with

\ery singular transition to the tone of the Psalms (c/. especially the charactciistic use of ]V2t<}, must be regarded as a later addition; v. 12 forms a sufficient conclusion, requiring no further.

32

(i)

51,59 the former reading


(i''&2''fl".^

Instead of niwa, the Q'^re would read here naws as in 28, is allowed to stand.
\'crses
1''

i,

although

in

46,2 and 40

and

2*^5

have been omitted because they are simply detailed circum-

stantial historical additions, quite in the style of the biographical portions of the Book of Jeremiah, and arc merely intended to explain the situation in the follow-

ing chapter.
(2) (4) (6)
ill
ill
ill,

45

+ N'2in.
K'^thib
li'J,',

Q^re vyy.

adhering

to the style of the

reads, ids'?

^"tk ni.T"

preceding explanatory and narrative additions, nan n^n in^si- newM, while 6.S read, koi 6 \6to<; Kupiou dTevi'iei]
t/.

TTpoc 'kpeuiav Xe-fiuv;


(8)

33,1,

and also

14,1.

50

come, in which (5 places before mriyn


nirii>'2
"iiyx

After

ill,

the entirely superfluous

words
|liou

"|')2'J3

'ps^

"it<,

~.CN, Ktriaai

aeauTtu xov d-fp6v

xov iv

f'O

Beviauiv

62

8">

^txtm\a9> *:-<:<

22-

23*,;

22

(3^

-iH ill

Vs.

(Oil

5 agree in reading the co,JuIauve conjunction.

(4>

K'^iliil)

r,2)f\

(6
(14

M
i\\

K^ihih n2l3.
'i^ED) 'iiVn,
1

and

all

the
to

with the second word.


the

the X'crsions aKtce with Tlie ion,


ditVcrently

in thus incorrccily co:

first

made by

'

divide

words

.mu

i-

.id

]1CD

V3lVn.

J. D. has been yciiirau) a

(15

dopied. nx2, for which many dift'ercnt exphmations have been offered. Tljc whole context requires a proper name. (S, in the majority of \ has ^v A) I ">": which graphically indeed agrees closely with the tradit '. ,q material considerations the reading of (D-^, and its daughter,
i\l
'

22,39, that

is preferable, since wc know, on the reliable a Ahab was actually possessed with a mania for b archetype of ill the name was probably written 2nj2,

tv

Axaap = 2xn8<3,

'

V.

{(/. in
14'*,

this

connection 'nam
to

v.

2i

and

tll^

imd.

was corrupted

nx2.

(23

ill

K'-'lhib Tiat?'.

in K'-thib -niapo.
ill

K'-thib.

has, according to 1j.\er-Dfxit2sch, Pan:, wliile usually 'nana apj" > This is, of course, a clerical error for rnaa, KaTaanvdlixq

^<

(25

(26

again an incorrect writing for rnasj. ill-frav ill ~*2V S, better, without the copulative conjunction. ill has mnx psn, which is grammati:ally objectionable;
this

r/.

2,21.

23

(10

In 9,

ill
1.

the verse begins with the words wanting in (6 These words are superfluous; they destroy the par

px"
^

"KTC
"

'i'- '-'

'"

(17

The reproach is here too special, and. which cannot be imputed to the false prophets. 'I'hc curse forms the immediate continuation of ///c- Ao/y words of jHl'H. in has nin"" nan "^sae^ niex C'.bin; (5, on the other hand, X^to"o Houufevoi? Tov Xoyov Kopi'ovi = n\T' 121 'SxaeV, which is much belter as,
are singular.
sibility for

natural.

(18

in '0; 5,

Instead of
is

and apparenUy also Z. has the copulative nan the Q*^rc would read here n2"^
5(1(5'-.

>n.

"'

supported by

The reading

of the

K
m<

is attested by the oldest Hcxaplar MSS t(^ fivuiTloaxo t6v Xdrov w ords are altogether wanting in the genuine text of <5. ' -r ill has yec^*;; but according to v. 22 wc m

and

<

(I0-2O

\'erscs 19
<nly

and

20,

which are repeated

\\i

.
<

are not 40

suspicious on account of the expression D*D'n r'"*.nK3, but nection between vv. iS and 21. The only way of ob'

sense from them would be to regard thciu .1l)roj)hclic word revealed by (iod, to show how

<

"t
tl

"

they were true prophets, but how in fact they do not preach; but t! trcmcly forced; cf. Sr.w.RK, ZAT. xi, 248 ff. (28) jn mbri; (5, better, to ^vuitviov qutoO. l-x\\^ irn^c toiV rr^T^Tf^: (32) ill "ipc? msVn 'i<2a Vj? 'aan; <6 ^ui toOto Ibou
trpoquiTtuovTai; ^vinrvia |iubf|, and 0'H'2an is The reading of jD Iclism with \ v. 30 and 31. where we find the same i<;
' '

45

ab
i.-

l)ro')hets.

but are entirely


29,8,

true;

cf.

<iii

and 27,9

24,845,39

-=f^G-^* ^ivcmia^ ^osii-

6i

24

;
(9}

which (5 rightly omits. which the Q'^re again alters to T:y;\b, itt adds nvn"?. The word is perhaps merely a dittogram from rij^lt"?; in any case, such a use of "j;! is unexampled.
i\\
"::,

After

ny'.l'j,

29

X
(2)

+ iS^23n. in + nn\ an
jH

addition which

is difficult

to

understand.

V. 2 occurs in all the Versions, but is undoubtedly to be attributed to the editor who worked over the genuine text of the letter and brought it into its present 10 form.
jH

(3) (8)

+ nssm^Ui.
1B? one'^n
"pk

absolutely required by the context in place of the nrnbVn "?X. In c. 23 also, it is the false prophets who have dreams and use them as the vehicle of their false prophecies (23,25.27.28

Cobn nn

is

traditional

CO^no cnx

ns^S

15

and, according to the reading of ,

v. 32); c/.

also 27,9 ('.

The impossible
final

form
(14)

D''DbnD

has long been recognized as being due to a dittography of the

c of nns.
A\ K^thib Dsn^iir.
\'erses 16-20 must positively be stricken out. They form a digression to the 20 subject matter of c. 24 ver}' difficult to understand, and v. 21 is evidendy the immediate continuation of v. 15. The passage is wanting in 6, but probably because the scribe skipped from n'733 v. 15 to n^2D v. 20.

(16-20}

(21)

iH
ill

+ '^xnt?" + -\i-n3i3i.

\n'?i<

nixaif.

25

(22-31)

Verses 22^-31^ are to be omitted. At the time when Jeremiah wrote, the fate of these two false prophets could not have been fulfilled, since otherwise the fact that the passage has the form of a prophecy would be absolutely incomprehensible. We must assum.e that Jeremiah merely threatened these two persons wth
a violent death, and that later, after this had actually occurred, the fact was in- 30 serted by the author of the narrative portion and editor of the whole book of Jeremiah. The account is doubtless correct, and very valuable to us, but
certainly

formed no part of the

original contents of the letter.

We

must

re-

gard in a similar manner what is reported in vv. 24fir. with reference to Shemaiah, which certainly comes from the same reliable source. Jeremiah could not refer 35 in his letter to a document which only came to Jerusalem from Babylon as a result of that letter. This narrative also is no doubt correct in point of fact, and is exceedingly interesting to us, but must certainly here be due to later interpolation. I would call attention here to the change in the form of the narrative
to the third person, just as in the biographical portions of the Book of Jeremiah. Moreover, it is necessary in v. 26 to read, with (jeviaQai ^TTiaTdxriv), Tps in-

40

(23
(32}

stead of C'pE. K^thib yT'in, Q=re ynvn. ill nT' xbl. Jeremiah could not expect that Shemaiah would Uve seventy years longer, to see the future salvation of his people. With toO ibeiv, we must 45

read nisib.

49

(36}

-itt

K"-\hib uW;.

(39)

The reading

of

ill

and

all

the \'ersions

is n"'a\n

n''inX2.

read, instead,

p
(D,

^inx

according to 49,6; cf. Staerk, ZAT. xi, 247-253. iH K^thib 3iS; Q^rc 2'trK. We must, of course, adopt the reading of
if!ioaTpl\\nu,
ill

50
Koi

which represents the proper Hebrew construction.

K^thib nutr.

6o

-^i9^

"^(rcmiafi

ii.u-24.fi
(8

35

18^

iH

+ iax

"3

irt'D','.

The words

arc wanting,' in

and must certainly be


i

since throughout the whole chapter up to this point the (6 reads the verse in a somewliat different form: bid t

rjKouaav uioi lujvabup uioO Pnxct|l Tr|v ^vToXr'iv t KaBoTi ^vTei\aTo auToic; 6 irarrip auTiiiv.
^Trit)'i

ill

(19)

ill

+ vn'.^s + Vw-it?'

b:i

rx

n-ur.-r, wliich is

again wanting

in

(8.

\-i'7

ni.xas

mn'

-!e

n:.

The

]3^

also

is

wanting

in

15.

uui

luis

must be retained.
13
(16) (18;

The Q're

incorrectly alters
(T,

tlie K'^thib

n'' to n't^v
'

10
ill
.

All the N'crsions, except

have

drro KeqpaXqi;

uutLv.

(19}

liowevcr, nWX^D never means //tv/</f'r//(////f7//', Ijut always ^ as ni'ri^D means region of the feet, we should expect at least oa'mBrnnfia. Kor in its primitive meaning head a plural nWKl cannot be established, even Kz. 36,11, and we must, therefore, read na'tftno. ^ C'diVe^ rbin, but D'D^^r !" (83 (iTToiKiav Te\eiav=>nD^c' n^a, Am. 1,6.9.

ffi*.

15
'i>-

is very strange, and (T ]wn2ip rts'^ffin '.y^pn'j*, the difticulty and pointed n^piVc'. r^in arose under the influence of the immediately preceding n^in by dittograp'iy of the final n of nbr.

sense required here

have
(20'
ill

felt

has

\<-n

D3':*y \h,

which the

Q'^re corrects to

wm

DS'i'P '.K.

So iij

latter taking the following ]issa

peratives. dtro pofj^ct.

D'K2n as a vocative and subject of tlie iw. has dvuXajie 6q)6aX|aoui; aou lepouaaXrm Kal tbc toO? ^pxou> but is kpouJaXnu is here an explanator
is

the whole verse

addressed

to

Jerusalem,

ire itscl:

...

right in omitting this word, but the singular must, of course, be restored
out. (21)

The unanimously

attested reading

is:

irxi^ D's'rw I'b'P

omx m^S

r1

^;:E' '2

We

are here in precisely the same situation as in 18, 15: the metre iAccording to the elegiac scheme there arc too many words for or-

few for two; and the question, therefore, arises whether we two verses or abridge to one. As in case of 18,15, t'**^ which can be clearly distinguished, is in favor of the is the meaning of the general and indefinite subject of npDV

s'..

throughout the speaker, and the subject of the approac blight change to ''npB3 removes both objections and restores a
is

HVH

<ns.

The

of the metre. Since WKl"? D'b!? gives the n the natural conclusion of the thought, the unwords x^j? Dn\s ma"? ni must be omitted.
ill

'

has nax

102,

but nrs3 suits the metre better and

(24,

.\ccording to the structure of the reir fallen out here, which, however, 1 do found in all the \'crsions, with its departure from the vocativr observed, is evidence of the corruption which has here
:

(25^

Here, too, the text must be simcwhat altered for universally attested reading is; n^n' 0!J \-i0"J'lD rja

t'

";

!?

ToO dneieeiv uud? ^^o{) read "ii^p instead of T^D. the nirt' CX3, which is frequently inserted or on.
.~st then by simply changir. ' in form, with which th' served intact in all the \'ersions. joins na'
'

Wc

need no:

5^

24

:
:^6

iU has .i-.u!i inx;


ill

(5:?,

better, t.m.

li.\s

"ry.

i6,i6 35-17
16

-<4*3*3'K-

^cttmia^ %4>SJ^-

59

of subject from that of v. 6^ is indicated, the subject must be the same here, I'iz. It is then at once clear that 6 is the survivors, and the object the dead. lona^. The words Dn'? and nn^ are both inright in reading Dni*?, instead of

dispensable, and, in the case of two words so much alike standing side by side, either the first 'as in C5), or the second (as in ill} might easily drop out; we

must here combine

ill

and 6.

by before b^n, whereby the text of V3N and lN.


(16,
(18}
itt
ill

Schwally also strikes out the universally attested is made smoother; he also omits the suffixes

is here, as in Ez. 47, 10, altered by the Q^re to D-'Jn. It is related to vv. 14 and 15, 10 correctly omitted in 6. which did not belong here originally, but are a later addition; before the promise can be fulfilled the guilt of Judah must be atoned for twofold.

K^thib Wiyib, which

+ niltrsn,

which

is

17

^i,

iH nSTiinSTO, but A0I53 agree in reading the third person. C5 omits the whole of vv. 1-4 and the opening words of v. 5, the eye of the scribe having probably 15 wandered from nU"' (16,21) to m~'' (17,5^;.

(2,

These words are very obscure.


nect
nn"'33 "I2t3 in

AH

such a way that

nn'':2 is

the Versions, so far as we have them, conmade the subject of I3t2: fiviKO dva-

tically the

and it must be acknowledged that this \-iew is grammaBut the sense and context would rather lead us to take 20 Dn"'i3, as well as the two following words, as the object of "i3tr. For the sacrifice of children is always regarded, in Jeremiah and Ezekiel, as the cuhnination of
uvrjoGiijaiv 01 uiol oCtoiv;

most

likely.

Israel's crimes.

In this case

we may suppose

that the matter

is

intentionally

alluded to here in a delicate manner, just as the succeeding crimes are merely mentioned without being specially characterized. 25 All the Versions read, with ill, cmnsttt; but here, alongside of nntys, only nnSD

(3)

The same change HAUSEN in Gen. 33,20. The longer form "'"nr} is very strange
could have stood.
in fact, ^nnn.
iH,

of n25 to n3tO
in the singular,

is

recognized by

Well-

and AGZiTS understood,

(4}

however, has probably pointed correctly, in which case 'Tin 30 nivf^. will refer to Jerusalem; cf. 21, 13. ill ^2. The and, wliich is found in AOZiT^SJ, is indispensable; c/. also 15,13. ill "[31, which only admits of a very forced explanation. (C e\ades the difficulty by a lengthy paraphrase. The Hexaplar Version, whose origin is not expressly
stated,
TaTreivuj6ri(jeTe.

probably on the basis of a variant text, Kui acpaipeGi'iaexai xai 35 53 both render freely; S y.;jii.lo; 3 r/ 7-cliiiqiici-is sola. We must, with Graf, emend to "JT, in accordance with Deut. 15,2.3.
reads,

ill

nnmp. A0Z,

better, ^KK^Kourai;

cf.

15,14.

12

(9)

The unanimously emended to *3.


ill

attested

reading

is

"'V,

which,

following
to

Graf, must be 40
article

points ts'.l'n, A\ hich results from the corruption of ''3 be intended here, and not the interrogative particle.
ncte.
ir.53, better, neto.
(5,

""b.

Only the

can

(11}

ill

quite freely,

i-:i'i>\\.

45

35

(12/

ill i.Tei"!
ill

(14)

correctly Trpo? Dn''3K niso ns ivisc ''3 ntn

Vx;

C5

\x.i.

Dvn

ny.

(15-16)

\'erses 15-16 are found in all the Versions, but must nevertheless be stricken out. The prohxity of the latter half of this chapter is positively intolerable, and

the portions wanting in


(17)
ill

C5

show

that later

hands have been at work here.

50

+ '^XiC''
4i:j;

\n^K.

An

altogether unparalleled accumulation of divine names, in


n"?i

Vvhich iH stands entirely alone.


ill

wbi on"? xnpxi lyec?

nn-'^x

"msi

]y\

49

emendation proposed by Hri/n;, nsij?*? ytt, \iuld, in order to give a meaning, have to read n2tp^ rtn*n "I'M. It bccins best, t! ancc with 4,13.37; 6,4; 13. 10 45,3: '3 '^ VK, whicli is prcssion, and yields at least a clear sense in agreement wit
;

jj

..

.^l

has nVnr.
.T n-.Dtl

Instead of
Mj?,

tliis

the Q*r6 reads fi^nn. which, in view ol the well

known

would be
iiiii>t

ei|iiivalent to
<

T^nn.
Lni'i

"

'

(5
liii
.

case, the suffix

pronoun

iihi

-,!.ini!

as in J5J.
(26

iU
in

+ Kinn
(5.

CV2,

which sensibly disturbs the parallelism, and

is

rightly

l.i

10
all

(zS,

i\l

and

the \'ersions

add

to this headinjf the

wm.K

S23

"[ho

ISK*"*'*!

"*"

TK,

n the first t ayainstthe analogy of all the other headings in tL Egypt is a special case}, and all the more unnecessarily, since, in v. 30, the King of Uabylon is expressly named as the threatening enemy.
(30;

in again jjoints ^'ppri; i "isxinnaa.

'f
if.

S.

(3'^

+ in + nin'>
!^\

DX3,

which

is

utterly inappropriate in the moutli of the

heathen who

speak here.
14
3
K'-'thib

onrnps.

'A iH
(14.

which, in the meaning ib? bpuKUJV (A0i3), or /Jo^ yA i incongruous, and therefore is correctly omitted in (5. The con'"""-"" ill K'^thib ^lbl, which is corrected by the Q^rc to V^V,\
but the usage of the language and the p.i. with Grak, to strike out the 1, and to take ^'^K ccpi as in construe
(S

+ D'Jns,

f--"'

in all the \'crsions; us,


t\\

K'-'thil}

(18

ill

k'jI;

cmcin. and J correcdy

r^v

ouk

rjbeiaav.

15

In

Jeremiah the word


K"^^thib rmin'TK.

rijjil

is

always altered

in the Q'r* to mpt,

ii.

with Deut. 28,25; Ez. 23,46.


(S,
ill

(9)

iil

K^ihib nx2.
has, in

(10)

ill

consequence of an incorrect division of the words, the po;


14 ;irc to

ing -Ji^bpo n^2.

(1114

\'erscs
14 arc

1-

he

ouiiucii.

it

is

^tm

i.iu;

,i'

i.n"

.^J^

'

an unfortunate

;ind unskillful intorpol.iiiin


1

frun

17

and ; same opinion in regard to \v. though innumerable attempts have been made
the
1
i

to

mal

ol lU

respect to \\hich the X'crsions vary the prophet and to remind him that

1.

of comfort as he supposes. Hut after tliese comforting words of (tod. we to e\j)l;iin the terrible outbreak in v. 15? To what, then
'

how

arc

words of
removed.
(11)
(16)

\.

15,

npT
\

'

'

continuation of
iH K'"thib

v^

nrH, incorrccUy m.l 1>\ so ri"

>

'

*>

-;n'."i:

^^xi: qnnc^.

A\ K'lhib Tisn.
In

16

regard to

this
ill
(T)

1892) p. 22.

1CK ^yi V2H:

whole passage cf. ScHWAl has ^p o'C'.nin d'.2 cr' '.pc Kb\ no Koi ou un :

?j?
>

"rr:"r

'rz.s

'

OviiKoTi ou noTioCicJiv auTi


(fi.

:..,,.
:":'

therefore, re;id onV instead of on^. and cr:~

48,4549.25

-*a^^*

3*'^^"*'^^

^?*SH^-

57
later inter-

48

(45-47)

Verses

45-47,

which

in fact are

wanting

in , are to

be cut out as a

polation.

are very awkwardly made up from Num. 21,28.29, and 24,17, and only serve to weaken the forcible and full conclusion of v. 44. Moreover, in accordance with the parallel passage Xum. 21,28, Tin'D n':a must be read instead

They

of

]in''D yriii.

40

iH points Q2/e; but (MeXxoX) and 5 read here correcriy the name oi J/iUom, the principal god of the Ammonites. attested is \\^vin. But according to the context, only Amnion (3) The form universally addressed. It is true that Hesbon lay 10 itself, or a prominent Ammonite city can be
(i)

nor .was

only five hours journey from Rabbath Amnion, but it was never an Ammonite town, it ever considered as such. Nothing remains, therefore, but to emend to peV- \^^V alone, without 'iD, is, indeed, only found in i Sam. il.ii; but here,

where the land


rather rare

is

addressed as personified, there can be no objection to


it.

tliis
1

mode

of designating

iV is an excellent emendation by K. H. Gr.\f, for the "J? of iU and Versions. The context imperatively requires the capital of Ammon. It is true that we only find the form nj? in case of the capital of Moab, but there is nothing to prevent our

assuming that the capital of

Ammon

also,

which, as

Graf

very justly remarks,

had no proper name, was called ny by the Israelites. Moreover this objection 20 can be readily removed by reading T'J?n mniT; T'^n is the capital, as the occurrence of the name Rabbah in parallelism with it puts beyond doubt; cf. 2 Sam. 10,3, and especially v. 8, where we read simply "lj;t?ri nne, but where we must
conclude from the context that Rabbah is intended, although it is not mentioned by name throughout the whole chapter, and even in v. 14 appears merely as
points again 02^0; cf. especially 48,7. in only '0; f] Xe-fot^cfa t'xc, eiaeXeuaerai
ill

25

(4)

iTi

eue.

This

mBNn

can hardly be

dis-

pensed
(8)
ill ifl

with.

reads vmpfi;

30 points iposn, but the sense absolutely requires an imperative. ^v xpo^uj iL d-rreOKeHJd.uj'iv eir' auTov; while (T^'J read C5 also,

(20)
(23)

impE. Vid. ad 6,1 Sreads Wl^\ There can be no doubt as to the sense. iU has niNT n'3, with which nothing can be done. The change to n"2, in accordance with Is. 57,20, (so Gr.\f) must be considered a complete failure; since a 35 boiling and raging sea cannot form a fitting image for a frightened and despairing multitude. (5 has ^S^orrjcfav ^6u,uuu6jiaav; but to read IJNT 1J103 and assume that n^3 is an interpolation from Is. 57,20, where also the words ^3V s"? Bptrn

occur, is out of the question, since in the passage before us the parallcHsm requires three words. It would be simplest to read 02 instead of U'2: ft'cir is upon 40 them; but the order of the words opposes this, since in that case we should
certainly expect D3 nJl. To read, in accordance with UJIcn (or rather liJllcni) In view, then, of the T'n Is. 64,6, nin T-S Uiea is also unsatisfactory. traditional form of the text, nothing remains but to read niSIC n2 UlCi, 1 and

iJ'ilj;

1
Jll

actually have, respectively, Otto juepiuviic,

and prac soUicitudinc.

45

read, v.ith and (T, I'jsv. (25) The universally attested reading is nniJJ k!? TN, and (f) also has iruu? oOxi ^TxaTAnrev. The rendering lunu is the splendid city not deserted! would be acceptable enough so The view of certain far as the sense is concerned, but is a pure Germanism.
hzX; but

we must

Jewish commentators, mentioned by R.\SHI and Qa.mhi, who took 3ty in the mean- 50 nsty: s"? no'7(, is inading oi to let go, to spare, ip^"^ np :n s'^tr riKU V^T^Ti missible on grounds of usage. In spite of J quomodo dereliquerunt civitateni lau-

dabilem, to strike out the negative would be


Jer.

commonplace and unmethodical. The


8

48

)nc thing at least is clear, thai # read here word; and this agrees with the structure of the vei Kui Tu uxupiU|.iaTa, we should have here, as the l ...... llic rca oou, ^mvoa, in which we immediately recognize itt "jr^Sit2. is correct in point of fact. While die boasting of riches and treasures i: a new feature into the picture, for which we arc which leails to no result, we need only be acquaiiu> land of .Moab, to understand a boasting of mountain fu:
tently ^Ji n'22l T1X1M3.
<
^

(ft

5
1

"

..e

"nxoa

was corrupted

in

ill

to

^m2^K2 Uirough die influence of the


..

similar, but nol

altogether identical, passage 49,4. "I'nyoa can only be a later \!...i.. ;.i..i /'t/i>/s. "ij,.,, ,,,,,, since, in the second half of tli- -.
<

,,

vx^jinuij.

mentioned.
A\ K-^thib
'Ilie

cf'es.

(>re unnecessarily alters m'' to nn'.


(6

(8)

ill
ill

-iK;

12)

Dn'bii*;

and 5 KaGubq. (T-S have die plural


for

1,

the
15'
ill

Creek
points

-ntf,
;ils(j

in both cases; (S kqI to K^paxa 'corruption of K^paua) aOxoO. which J. D. MlCH.VEMS correcdy alters to inb in accordance with

V.
;^i8)
ill ill

18; (A

V. 8.

K'^thib ''2V,

a mere clerical error.

(20)
'2 (''-24)

K"=lhib 'ppjl ^b'bn.

The

utterly disproportionate length of this oracle against Moab must strike cvcr\ *' one, and this is llie more ob\ious, since the length is in inverse ratio t portancc of the contents. Hut since the passage contains much tluit is -^
.

and

can only be understood if 25 placed before the destruction of Jerusalem, we must endeavor to extract the it. Thb las genuine Jeremian nucleus from the mass of accretions that ^\ -i'- ^i been our course in our treatment of the text. In favor of > only ivsthctic reasons can be urged, but they soem to be
origin.il,
v.

and since such an expression as

13

"

'

i'2l)

ill

K'^thib rj?S',D, Q'^re riJ?E'C.


!

''26-27)

and 27 evidently presuppose die Jail u garded as having escaped the calamity; they cannot,
X'erses 26
in the fourtii

;..*

year of Jehoiakim.

'27)

^l K'^thib nK^3, Q'^rc ve3.


idle and empty excerpts from Is. 15 ami 16 a pro- 35 ^ ''-' is phetic passage which frequcndy crops out here; but by Jcre"'

(29-34; \'erses 29-34 are utterly

('36)

never simply copied. of procedure in regard to his We might feel tempted to alter nn Tp 'JM bn, in accord.i: V\n "Vp ''X bn; but there is no sufficient reason for it, cspi nn;
freely
it

employed and reproduced,

is

35-38, are characteristic of his

mode

<

.lUvi

win. .14, ^'

out vv. 29 34.


'37')

39

" ^3 ':, and so also ^.?. Ci:? translate here freely. According to the parallel passage Is. 15.2, cwi ^rs must be read. ill D'T ^2 by. Hut rTiJ is undoubtedly a i'.iiu> ijmi and not .1 mmuu.u h-im, * that we must read with (8, Kai ndaat xtipt**- 0"'' ^-has D'iro "rpi. Hut ^3, which miKht easily fall out after ^p. b here ;ible, and is actually found in (fi.? t<iU ill -1-1^'^'."!. which between the two i> <>ui 01 place ami inieiiupi^ un "J'K
ill

>

1:

>

ne( tion

40
41
i;44"

ill

t-2X*o

"rx

vej: c-c,

nKT "rjr
dv:
i.x;:

r^i:^.

.\ Uteral

interpolation from 49.22-

ill
ill ill

t-msa

.-r z*:: Kinn

":: zb n^n\

Likewise mti

'

from 4^

K'^ihilj D':r:.

has n'V;

(ft

.01.'

:?

1.1

!iiT

T.ir.T.i

-r.rx.

25,3848,7

-f-J3s-K*

3mtft^

-^-*s^--

55

25

and with regard


ingless
D2''ni:i{1Bn

to their contents also they are suspicious.


in v.

Moreover, the mean-

34 must, following 6, be stricken out, and perhaps also instead of "'^33 should be read "'123 ujairep oi Kpioi oi dKXeKToi. In v. 38 instead of the very strange nivn pin, nivn 3"in must be restored from 0; cf. 46,16;
50,16.
5

46

'X

JH reads ''toBh D"'Tl^l; ffi koi Auboi dvdpriTe. The parallelism and the structure of the verse require here two names of peoples, just as previously B1E1 C"i3. The Lydians are too distant to appear here as the allies or auxiliaries of the Egyp-

so that instead of them the Libyans, D"'31^, arc to be understood; cf. Nah. 10 3,19; 2 Chr. 12,3; 16,8; Dan. 11,43 .see S'JADE, Dc populo Jmum, p. 6}. It is impossible to find any national name graphically resembling "'trBn. The name n''>3D, which stands in 2 Chr. 12,3, next to 'O'yb, is obscure and doubtful.
tians,

(11)

i\\

K<=thib ^n^mn.

(12) iU

has inbp; but

(5

q^iuvt'^v

aou

is

precisely what

is

required by the parallelism 15

with "inmsi.

47

(0

(5

heads

this article

simply

diri

gives the tide in the form:


nij? riK

n"il33

touc AX\o9uXouc, just DTtr'pS ^S K-'Din

like the four following.


*?

$^

WOT

nw

n3T ""H 1

ny.S n3\

It is
cf.

expressly stated

by Herodotus

(2, 159) that

Pharaoh Necho 20

conquered Gaza;
in
ill is,

HiTziG's dissertation

therefore, in

Cadyti urhe Herodotea; the notice substance correct. Nevertheless it can hardly have formed

Dc

part of the original

North,

text, since from the whole style of description {cf. that of the and from the analogy of the other oracles forming part of tliis group, Nebuchadnezzar is the only enemy with whom the Phihsdnes can here be 25 threatened. We must, therefore, look upon the reading of iH as the result of

V.2!),

a false combination.
(5)
ill

has

DfjOV,

from which no satisfactory sense can be obtained.


n"'"iNtJ?;

(5

xai 01 Kurd-

XoiTTOi EvaKei|.i= n"'p3j?


(7)
ill

cf.

Josh. 11,22.
clerical error,

^Bpiyp,

which can only be a


"'tsperi.

due

to the influence of the

immc- 30

diately preceding

53 unanimously

Tiauxd0ei.

^8

'})

ill

+ nir"'3n,

(4)

ill

which three words later, is to be found nmys, which is altered by the Q^re to vr^^yi.
Is.

in all the X'ersions also.


05

has

iXc,

ZoYopa^rriPi;

cf.

also the similar parallel passage in


scriptin defcctiva
K'=thib ninbn.
^3 '33

we have only to do ed from 49,20; 50,45; cf also 14,3.


ill

The poindng rn_5?S (since in the 35 15,5. with \arialion in pointing) is to be explain-

(5)

obm Qpuualtogether meaningless, and '"3, 40 which immediately foUowS', looks suspiciously like dittography; indeed (5 omits it altogether. should, according to the parallel passage Is. 15,5, emend D-inn n"n03i nby"" ^333; the copulati\e conjunction before miD3 can hardly be
in has n^:nn -rw'OZ
vai).i.
"'33,

nbr

^333

(0

dv KXauenuj dvapnaerai KXaduv ev

which

is

found

in all the \'crsions is

We

dispensed with. -f ''"IS, with which nothing can be done. word or did not translate it.
ill

(!5

and

uT

either did not read the 45

(6)

ill 1J?1"'.V3, which gives no satisfi\ctory sense, whether we take the word as a proper name or as an appellative; A |nupiKn; cf. npj? 17,6. (5 has iljcfTrep 6'vo<; aYpioq=nnj;3, which is graphically almost identical, and presents a strikingly

appropriate image of the persecuted Moab fleeing in despair into the most 50 lonely and desolate wildernesses in order to save her life from the invading foe.
(7)
ill

T'n'ninNSI T'IPV2;

(B

only dv dxupiu.uaxi aou.


(0):
///

53

translate the text of

ill

(though
consis-

probably influenced by

iininitionilui.^

tiiis ct

in

tltesaini.-i tins;

54

.:.-..

^(roniafi

;;

*S.'~"38

25

chapter has undergone a revision which has com|j|clely di'itortcd the orit;inal meaning. This meaning is plainer in (8 than in M, which exliibits a much more advanced btagc of revisi<jn. TIio form of the text adopted l
"
'

ihroiiyhoul on Srnw.\l.L\.
fi)
2)

in in

b22 I'm nsK"n:i23"? n'i'.vKnn njcn kt. K'2Jn wov,

in ^- ^2.
(3)
itt4-'''?
:^'.n''

-121

TH.

M has D'2cx.
iH
-]

Dnycw

k'jv

46; \'crses

in V. 4,

Amiciu \ crsions ^cxcepl ihal m Oi ycff* but belong altogether to the revision. Th unusual numljcr of strange expressions, and give a view of the fr

46

are found

in all llie
,

'.

and KJ

in v. 5

:i

of the other prophets as well, w hich


(7) (9)
iil

is

utterly inappropriate here.

+ cr"?

y\b

CTV

nj?t32

(Q^rc

"iu^y^rt) '3iDy2n ]yiib

nw

dkj.

15

+
+

'?2.

jH ninsD;
itt

(D

+ naj?

'?23 I'ro

correctly iiaTpiav. isx-n:i2i !?ki nu'' d3.

A\
ill

r\hn.

(ii)

(12)

20 DTBinni; (5 better kuI ilepr\\nJJOw avrovq. i\\ has ^23 i'td n n'jxn D'lin n2j;i; (6 correctly Kui bouXtOdouaiv ^v Toi; {evf<itv. \'. 12 also, which (6 presents in the shorter form Kui ^v tuj nXnpiuOnvai rd lariKOVTU Itx] iKb\Kr\an) to IQvoq ^Kivo Kai Orioofiai aOTOuq eJ? d(pavi(J^6v atiifviov,

(13;

The same
and of
V.

belongs to the revision. is true both of


14

v.

13'',

which

h.is

in

(H

the roadine cv:n Sp without V:

25

which

(5

omits entirely.
introdi;

The passage 25, 1-13, in its present shape, was intended to form an to the book of discourses on foreign peoples, including those on Ha' 46 51. The latter in (5 are actually introduced in this place, and must v..
stood here
V. 14
in
ill

..

also, since the

words

13^,

which

in

(8

plainly

form the heading 30

to the discourses (14)


is

>'i5)

on foreign peoples, are here retained in ill. then a further amplification laying renewed emphasis on die la^i luai uic "*" '>" " Babylonian ICminre, too, must undergo the wrathful judgement in n2 '2; (8 simply oOtuj<;.
ill

(18)

rX;

(f5t5S3

unanimously kui upxovxai;


(8

aOxoCi.

only koi el? jupiTuov. necessary, ;ind the redundant words in in arc an out of keeping with the situation in c. 25.
in
r^bbpb^ rfp''vh;

mn

DV2

ihc
addiliv^x,

->

20) in has 2";pn ^2

n\ and aUhough

this is

confirmed by

xal wdvro? ToO? <n>MM(-

KTOuq, the proper name Anihia must certainly be read hcr< '^ '5 especially easy to explain ill + V^J?^ V** "^^^ ^' ^'*^ditions in just such a passage as this.

ill

22) in
ill

+ yiK. + "^a
+

(/'/>}.
;

in 'KH *2bo nXI


'24'

05

Kui

t^iuTlXtti;.

'2'?D ':2

nK^

2";^

oVo.
is

(25)

fSi-\

bs ri net '2^e.
'

26

v'X^ (w'tO ^^3^?9'?- I'lic ardclc words as not origin.il. Ci simply. iH + onnn nn' ^^c ^':c^ 'llie
jn
^

synt -'-

-j-

piccc of
(30-38)

tritling.

ScHW.M.LY

(Joe. ci/.)

has clearly established die fact dial

tl

verses are not original.

An

entirely diflTcrcnt lone all at

oiKt

.ii'^'.-f

-' ^-^ -

9,2125,1

-oK3c-* ^ittmxci^ *)S^eHis

53

an interval not less so. 'Ihe emendation liSIN, which graphically very simple, removes both objections. Ii''nii3ti'i2n ^33^B>ri is imperatively required both by sense and context. i\\ reads U^niJSli'O iS'^K'n, which can only be rendered: f/ny
(people) //avc aisf do7vn our dwclliii'^s. i. c. "li'TilSSB^O "lisVc^n, and tliis shows the
viz. the falling- out of the (21)
13
(!3

Kui dTTeppii|Ja|uev

tci

OKiivwuaxu

n.uujv,

first

stage of the corruption of the

text,

before

to.

Before

this place, jectionable, ha\e no meaning at idl in arrangement, so that, following , we must strike

25,32;
still

These words are grammatically very oband disturb the whole metrical them out. jn and all the Ancient Versions read mEfn "ia bj; pn3, as in 8,2; 16,4; also 2 K. 9,37; but tliis is not allowable for metrical reasons. The form
n'?B31,

iH reads nu^ DX3 ni n?^.

10

cf.

given in the text


eTTi

niinxV ]0n vni. 03 presents this \erse in a is based on i|j 83,11 further ampliticd form: Kai eaovxai oi veKpoi tluv avepiJuTTUDV ei<; irapabeiYua that we might be tempted to expand irpoaiiuTTOU Tou Trebiou tik t'I? um^v, so
:

the thought into a complete stanza of two verses

but the metrical structure

is al-

together opposed to

this.

10

(17)

itt

K<=thib "niiyv.

The

fact that the

metre hitherto employed

is

retained in this

verse also, shows that 10,17 is the immediate continuadon of 9,21. ffi is very difficult, but is the universally attested reading, ottuji; 20 (18) This iK^tt" IVeV irXnTn 'Jou; ^ lin'^mn nuviis p'^apn ^^13; 3 Ha ut invoiiaiUur. 5 quite eupeef) The intera different application: uii o u ^ jn o bOio^kjaj;. freely, and with which we adopt, tliat they may feel it, is that best suited to the
I'l

pretation

in bitter,

was intended context, although difficult to support by usage. The divine threat ~ that must be the sense of the words; they are im- 25 deadly earnest mediately followed by the confession of humbled Zion that this severe
which punishment is fully deserved. The interpretation tiiat they may find tne, is to be found as early as S, cannot be established grammatically, and is based on an incorrect understanding of 16,21. In this connection a promise is out of place, even one that is made possible and brought about through the medium 30
of a severe punishment.

(25)

This verse

found in iH and all the Ancient Versions, though 6 omits the inbrKI But this verse gives rise to the most serious suspicion. Apart from the question whether such an idea can be attributed to Jeremiah, it does not suit the context here at all. The words are found, almost literally, in vy 79 35 as the outcry of a people driven (vv. 6-7) which is certainly Maccabean. There, to despair by the frandc oppression of the heathen, and by devilish persccudon But for the sake of J HVIl, they are appropriate and psychologically natural. here, where these heathen have simply executed Jhvh's own sentence upon the sinful people, it would be utterly inconsistent to call down God's wrath upon 40 the obedient instrument of JHVH, in order to avertit from the disobedient people. Such a thing could only be possible, if the heathen had exceeded Jhvh's commission,
is

at the end.

and done more than had been commanded them {ef. Is. 10,5-19; 47,6-15); but such an idea would have to be expressed, and is, moreover, absolutely inapare a clear expression 45 propriate to the context here. As the words stand, they of the view that the heathen are in diemselves an object of Jhvh's wrath, the Jews an object of his favor, a view which direcdy contradicts the whole theology of Jeremiah. It is possible that originally something different stood here, since v. 24 does not form a fitdng conclusion to a long connected discourse but
;

it

certainly could not

have been the

i)resent v. 25.

25

The

excellent treatise of SCHW.VLLY,


c.

ZAT.

viii,

regard to the whole of

25.

Schwally

177-190, should be consulted in has shown con\incingly that this

53

--,.

^tx<m\ah
of
ilie

V."
initial

which is cither a ililtograin tttecl of the interpolated cSb^I'.


iW n^i'.W,
ill
-1

n of

Dj>n.

or

is

due
,,,

to the

oVtriV, whii h in tlie iratliiional

form of Uie

text,

i;*

ii

,i,,,ii

either read ntn Dj?n 221D pno, or d'?iv n22"ic j?nOof the former reading,'.
^6,1

Wc dc

ii

6. in fa\or
j

in K'^ihlli cnsiD:.
K'^tliil)

7; A\
loi

D1D1.

in D.Tnntr,

but the asyndeton is here harsh, and quite inadmissible if the words form the conclusion of a verse. The copulative conjunction must, therefore, be inserted, wiili (65. lo iH + *op nz -'.sc? nx isri" ^pc -ry ,-:: ;r: -y, "zic y:; yiz r:: r,-i -y. ;cpc '2
IS*?

c^Vp ncn"? nVpj Sy of 6,13-15, which suit here well enough, but are entirely unnecessar>' and, on the other liand, sef>r t$ parate D'tyiV from vv. 13 and 14 which explain it. Since there is r d supposing that the words have been either unintentionally or intcnii"
i"?!!'

\y^^ "?

c'rrm ici' wV ci2 Di

icj?

nsyin

': ht^m'-'

cVd )'.

'.;

nin' iisK

^bv:)''

amps

nj?3 n^Vs::.

An

almost

literal repetition

in
'13,
itt

(T).

we must regard them


D<^3P;i

Dnb

]ri},

as a later interpolation from c. 6. which can only mean: and I gave them, caused to
is

bejttil
'

them.

7i'hat they

had tnnt stressed. This


lies in

evidenUy

expressed. It is give them, firing upon them, those ii'ho shall pass over them, that is: the who arc to execute the punishment; or according to the emendation

sense impossible, since the pi the future, and in point of language it would be most :.-.^ better to slightly alter the punctuation and read jnin then I
in

u-i.

enemy

... by ROTH.STKlN, onps': 7L<ho shall dc7'our them. Hut what is there to ti^ a fig tree or vine which bears no fruit, and has even lost its foliage? The inter- 25 prctation most suitable to the context would be that of A03 xai (buiKa aOToi? icui e. fruit and foliage) / had gi^in them, but trapfiXOcv aurou(;, which
(/'.

r,;.;,.,, ,,; vanished from them. This interpretation is based upon a n that the words hzi n^vni form a conclusion to both the precedi: D'SJP X*. nisna n'Jn \)^\ ]B33, and cannot, therefore, introduce an entirely new idea. H.

since the structure of the verse does not absolutely require a new must, following (5, omit these words, as a gloss intended to fonr

tween
(14)
ill

vv. 13
(8

and

14.

nu'*?;

better ^vavtlov uutou.


>

4.5

ill

nyT lise nc^.e: nc"i!: -/riz "ir^^c-^ ^ktj tciST.. v> * iiand, rj^ii^'T^^v kqi ou bi^Xirrov toO ^m(JTptv"i- toko^ ivX t6kui b6Xu)- oOk fjecXov eib^vai ,u (pr|oi Kupio;. I'assing over the slight variant
h,is
'fii

nu^ cxi

"i
\^pa

((i)

mpn, the two readings are identical, except that the words a divided. The form presented by (5 is by far the preferable one, on bimi ni.nvii.ti and philological grounds. 6 dn6 irpodiuTTou novripius SuYarpo; XuoO uou. IR only *2? r: ':C2: but VifT^ is indispensable, and might easily have dropped out before r:
for

The Q^re reads I3in instead of enw, which

is

at

1<

>

"^

\*lhlb

moreover
'8'
ill

supported by D3, w hich, however,


is (S

(fi

xiTpiijaKOUCJa.

and by J

45

is

rightly lacking in

5J and

apparently also

in

i
a-.

14

</ 5.9-29ntn nyn n. Si\

correcily. .simpl\

ihuu tfuJ voiuiuj auToi'v

translate

16

uS

tlunigh the text were mn Djn n ^'3Ka 'iJ-T as the 50 jl& nJK^3m; but rt Kal q>eTtd(Teu)aav must be regarded as the oripinal. variation in ill between nJK^ifl and nJ'Kiar^ inuncdiately before " -s in has '3 ynw, joining the '3 to the follow'

ipialitication,

would be very singular, anu

....

.-,

..

'

i8,i6 8,3
18
idea
is

-"^js-is-sc*

3*^'^'^*"'^^

>-*K-5'-

51

certainly most appropriate and in accordance with the connection; Init the words do not suit the metre, and it cannot be supposed that the prophet would here suddenly depart from the metrical arrangement, \\hich he so strictly maintains both in the preceding portion and also in the two following verses.

We

must, therefore, while keeping as closely as possible to the traditional text, bring the words into proper metrical arrangement, and this can be done either by expanding the words into two v'erses, or by contracting^ them into one. The

form of the other stanzas,


verses,

compels us

to

ing verse nep"'

KIB''?

in which the idea is invariably expressed in two parallel adopt the latter alternative, unless we expand the preced"'insc '>;, into a complete stanza by the addition of a 10 ''ttj;

second verse, and this is in every respect a less advisable procedure. We must, therefore, have a \erb which can serve as predicate to both halves of the verse. Since b^i cannot be construed either with ]li or with b, I adopt ^bv which is graphically the most probable, and is construed with both the above-mentioned nb are later explanatory additions. prepositions. D^''^"^^2 and ']"n
(16)

15

M K^thib

npnty.

All the Versions

have

l^y); but

it

is

more

in

accordance with the structure of

the Tiyp strophe, to have the second and shorter member follow asyndetically. (17) ill points DK"1N; but ^$S3 agree in reading beiSuJ aOTOi? nN")K. 20 <'22) jH Kthib nn-'B^.

(23)

jn has

"Tion,

which

is

certainly

an error;

r/.

3,6.

the Q^re would read vn'l, \\hich would ha\e about the but would not be so forcible an expression.

For

vm

same meaning,

(2)

simply dKoOaaxe' Xoyov Kupiou -rraaa 'loubaia. Instead of this, ill presents 23 the beginning of this chapter in the following amplified form: bn n\T "W^ I3in^ mn'' n3T i>'aB> mttxi ntn nmn ns di? n"ipi nin"" n^n "ijJB'a ntsj;^ nisx^ nvT no m^ttn-' T\'\r\''b ninnB^n"? r^bun onyc^a n\san n'i^n'' b^. Since no reason can be assigned for
an unintentional omission of these words in (5, and still less for their intentional omission, the shorter form of the text presented by 6 must be regarded as the 30 original. On the other hand, it is easy to see the motive which would lead to the introduction of additions from 26,2. The general traditional pointing is 13b^3, which E\v.\lij cleverly alters to U^V^ ill + ^3, which has probably crept in here from the following part of the verse.
(6

(10) (15)

(18)

which c\idenlly npK^tt, and is regarded as a synonym of the more usual n''fit?n 2S. But originally the feminine of ";bD was certainly intended, which is always read na^D. C/. especially on this point, Kuexen, Verslagen e?i MededeelingC7i de K. Akad. v. Wetensch., Afdccl. Lctterkundc j. Recks,
ill

correctly omits

it.

35

always points

nabtt,

Z)^^/j(i887)[=Kuenen's Gcsainuicltc Abhandlunge?! (Freiburg i. B. 1894, pp. 186- 40 211] and, as the principal defender of the opposite view. Si ade, ZAT. vi, 289-339.
(22)
(24)
ill ill

K<^thib

X-'i'in.

as the word more commonly employed by Jeremiah Both words together give rise to an impossible construction, so
is

+ nnica,

in

such a case.
45

that, following'

(25)

, we omit nniB'a. The universally attested reading

DV

n\S''33n,

regarded as a dittogram of the final D'' daily; we should, in this case, have at least DV dl\
44,4-

probably to be of D\S33n, since Dr alone never means


in

which

QT*

is

Cf. 25,4; 26,5;

29,19; 35,15;
50

(i) (3)

ill

Kthib

1X''SV1.

iH

CiXCin,

dittogram from the

preceding

line

and,

therefore,

rightly

lacking in .

50
12
cellent

....
emcndatiun
context.

2<rtmia^

....

12,518,15
tlie

mu,

wliich

is

almost categorically demanded by

and the
18
^)

The Q'rc reads unnecessarily Kin


ill

nir!^ insi.a.l <if

'njm.
5

10) 14)

K'thib ny-in. Hoth here and

in the

whole of
text,

tlie
ill

ably from the traditional


in

following passage, wc must debate considerreads *T& ^^xp 2\rn, which can l
'
"

.,s be taken to mean //ly yu/t/s, and we may tra. the snmv of I^' ha non that comes from the rocks leave my fields- that is, docs it ever cease to water Canaan? Or nto may be regarded as the well known poetic 10 V by form for .Tib, and, according to 17,3; 21,3, referred to Jerusalem: .//('Tc' ^ of Lebanon cease from the rock of the Jie/d- In this case, c .e ^ 133. 3> ^ connection is assumed between the waters of Jerusalem Lebanon. Then it is still better to adopt Ew.vLD's view, and to see in the rock

two ways;

nb may

..

of the field the peak of Lebanon itself, clad with eternal snow and visible 15 ' "d from afiir. This interpretation of the words is undoubtedly the mo?'
'

probable and w c obtain


;

this

alteration of Ml? to

]^"]b.

sense clearly and unambiguously, if we ni Sirion is, according to Deut. 3,9, another

.it

name

for

still

Mount Hermon, which occurs also in poetry \^ 29,6; and the Anti Lebanon is " r 20 more appropriate here than the Lebanon, since the former is a' v ed with perpetual snow, while llic Lebanon attains the region of pi only in its more distant northern portions lying outside of Palestine. For iIjc reading y'Vff, (D paves the way with its dtro TT^xpa? ^iaaroi and 13 with dno it-

which, since a .vA////.v <w.v/;7/t7//.v- is altogether out of th< D'nc' or yy^. A presents here a noteworthy attc;.., sadsfactory sense from the traditional text by means of a slight change ofpuni. tuation: \ii\ ^YKaTaXiq)9riaeTai dTrd axepfoO tKavoO x\\h\ toO Apdvou = ^tp -jrn
liiaaTiuv,

to

a reading

'''Vi:

Does the snore of Lebanon


to Y'^V
is still

ex'cr cease to

The change
2y

not sufficient;

used absolutely is very rare, and p 2tj? Lam. 4,9 as a synonym of DDO in the sense, ^cna awny, ///<// tni'a} The second hemistich is gi\ en by the entire tradition in the form
(6

come from the A'oc/:, t' -"~ we must also correct ; ~ is never used at all, while 2M ocnn
:.
.

D^b|13 C'lfJ D'lJ D'e.

dv^}.iiu q)p6uvov, goes cvidendy reads D'np instead of D'^.p, an somewhat freely. 1 pass over here the numerous attempts to extract a sense from nnp ont. It is evident, however, at the first blush. hemistich forms, in its syntactic relation to the first hemistich, the uri ^KKXivr) iJbiup pKMUJ(;
;

text substantially the

same

it

tolc

of a double cpiestion, and also that, in regard to

its

matter,

it

m>
j.'

It is, moreover, extremely parallel thought to the first, a rhetorical question. probable that the construction also was originally parallel to that of the first " '^ c ~"f" hemistich. are thus led to point 0*15 :is D;p corrc

We

'

mountain peak is contrasted with the surface of the ?-i Sea (]nn D' Deut. 11,24; 34,2; Joel 2,20: Zcch. 14,8) was, for t' the Ocean, the great sea; and this reading must be restored here, il '" dries up from the ocean just as little as the snov is the water. D'VtU alone would be completely but since llic metre 15,8; Is. 44,3; Cant. 4. 15; Prov. 5,15; 14178,16.44),
*'

''

'

requires two words, we must read D*p. The suspicio; T! D<"ip n". in the received text is vcr>' striking.
'.
'

:ity
'

oft!

as the corruption of an original D*D 'i^HK canni ^ the conditions both of sense and parallelism are slricll> Iia* C'"text b necessary. (15) Here, too, a wide dep.arturc from the traditional VciioDs. 1 nViVo kV im xwvr). .-:'"' z)Vf (Q're ^Yyi) 'V':r rrrll?! ^*^

5<*

^^

"

..

3,612,5 3
Y/
ill

-^a^^-^* ^itimxA^

:-G'^h^

49
third pers. sing. feni.
is

has

^itn^,

but in accordance with the sense only the

rendered by J53 and explained by Rashi and Qamhi. ill, moreover, actually writes jmi in v. 8. 6 has ^iropveuaav, as previously also diropeuGrioav, but in many MSS, among them those of Lucian's recension, we find in both cases the singular ^TTope06ri and ^TTopveuaev. An analogous case is Tien
possible, as

18,23.
(7) (8)

nNim. Q'-'rS reads unnecessarily "ini for have K"\1, Kai elbov, which gives no sense. The and most of the MSS of group of MSS which exhibit the text of Lucian, and 5 oft'er the only reading which suits the context Kai elbev, iuo; and in (5 it is only a matter of the dif 10 ference between elbov and elbev. 3, rightly perceiving the impossibility of the

The

Mi

ffi

traditional text, passes over the


(9;

word

altogether.

has bpQ, which (6$S3, the Masora and Rabbinical tradition derive expressly from the stem bhp. In view of the large number of analogous formations, the fact that no substantive bp occurs makes no difterence, but the idea would be 15 too weak. Jll has But since *]3n is intransiti\c, we could only have yi^^ I^O'?! ^s in r\irini.
3,1, omitting
riK,

actually render so. (13) Al oryoir, an error


uiT)'iKOU(Ja?, audisti.

or p^NriTN ]3nni, as in 3,2. The latter 6 omits the words altogether.

is

preferable.
(5

2'33

due

to the influence of the

succeeding verse.

J correctly 20

(17-18)

Stade

has shown (ZAT.

iii,

14-15) that vv. 17

and

18

have no connection with

the preceding verses, but are an addition by a later hand. This is sufficiently evident from the contradiction between vv. 14 and 18. In the former, the con-

verted remnant of the


is

Ten Tribes

of Israel are brought back to Jerusalem, which 25

clearly regarded as still standing. In the latter, both Israel and Judah return to Palestine from the northern land, so that Judah, too, is regarded as languishing

These interpolated verses have displaced the original conclusion of the passage, since a discourse could not end with v. 16.
in exile.

30
II
(2)
ill

points very strangely Dfi"i3*il, as also Z and 3. The only possible reading is that of (55 Kai \a\riaei^, polo. This would suggest ri"!?"!!, but we must assume that was the original reading, and that (0 and 5, rendering some\Ahat freely, on"]?"!)
it

to
(13)

have left the suffixed pronoun untranslated, since otherwise account for the reading of ill.
ill

would be impossible
35

+ riin3te

nwaV, an utterly impossible expression, which disturbs the whole strucis

ture of the verse.


14)
ill njID,

which

a mere clerical error.

(>53'53

all

read ^v Kaipiu;

cf.

v.

12;

2,

27-28.
(15)

iH presents this verse in the form: u^nb-itea^ D''2in nnetttn ,"inite ^n-32 "'T'T^ n 40 "ppn 'Snn -3 ^'b0 naP^, which is so hopelessly corrupt that all attempts at

explanation must
Mi?l

fail.
iirxxo.

6 has

ti

r\

f]YaTTi-|,u^vi-|

^v tu) oikuj |uou ^TToiriae pbeXuY^ot;

dqpeXoOaiv diro 0OO xdi; KaKiac oou, r\ toutok biacpeuti]; This undoubtedly contains the original text, and from it the origin of all the corof ill can be readily and certainly ruptions 45 explained. (19) The reading of ill and all \crsions is lon^a, which can only be explained in a forced and absurd manner. HllziG's emendation in^3, on the basis of Deut.
34,7,
(,22)
ill

euxai Kai Kp^a

is

most excellent

in

its

classic simplicity.

reads ^no;, specially noting the scriptio But even J has thought defcciiva. it necessary to alter the verb here. According to 14,15, 1)20': is evidcnUy the 50 correct readinsr. 'toIn place of the universally attested reading nnu,
Jcr.

la

(5)

HnziG

again proposes the ex7

48

-<*::

3"'""<*5

o"'^^^
unless

6.93,6
in this

of

in

to

T2

(Q'rc)

cannot be explained

vpn he understood
owini,'

way.
ill

correctly m2, which ception of Tpn.


(6

altered by the Q'rc to


latter
ill

"i'.5,

to

iL

incorrect con-

(</

moTptn)UT

(xipu".

The

with the possessive pronoun, initial 2 of the following nxur,

word is not found in all MSS, and in none which arises through dittography of the and consequently the infin. absol. 3t^ri had to be
"JT,
;

(15)

M has
ill

taken as imperative. n'n-!|5B as in 49,8; 50,31


in the

but
1 1

all

the .Vncient Versions read nr"|r6, as also


;

passages 8,

12; 10, 15;

.23; 23, 12; 46,21


(b

48,44; 50

27.

10

(17

in 'rb'pni_, expressly pointed as lui\e at least (/ coustitiii.


(6

convenivum.

correctly KaBfOTuKu,

and ii2

(18;

KQi oi TToi.uaivovTi; TO iToiuvia auTiuv, which contains a

most excellent and


15

nnp "yn, which is utterly unSince my in this connection can not possibly designate the intcUigible. congregation of Israel (so ?), or a portion of it, while mp, without further qualification, can hardly be taken as referring to the assemblage of the peoples (so
apposite
reference
to
v.
3.
ill

D2~'.c'ktk

TK,

3), and the rendering auvafUJTrj ^v aOxoiq (Z5) is excluded by the has cleverly thought of the stem my: xai -fviDxe {ypS) Tfjv ^aprupiav Trjv ouaav dv auToTc. Hut in this case we should at least have my TK, and, further- 20 more, m never occurs in the sense of testimony given against one. We must,'

apparendy

therefore, gratefully accept the reading of

(5:

CTmy

'yii,

though the construction

would
(21)

certainly

be smoother
in

if

The K'thib n3\


\'ersions,
is

favor of

we read nnmy which we have


to

'yT lyni.

altered

by the Q're
in

the testimony of all the Ancient nsKi, which only makes the construction 25
all

'25)

more dragging and aftected. The Q'rc reads wsn and I3^n
has 'KSn and
'2^p,

conformity with

the \'ersions.

The

K^thib

which

is

due

to the influence of the singular

forms of the

(27)

following verse. iH points ^S2D, which gives no satisfactory sense. J. D. MiCHAELls proposes 30 here the excellent punctuation 152D for nS2 in the sense of sepiirating ixom. ex;

traneous matter, said of the refiner of metal, (8 (^v XaoTi; beboKiuaau^voic probably read

cj.

1S2 Job 22,24.25


'BP2,

]n2t3

since ]in2,

and 36,19?). which im-

mediately precedes, and nin2l, which immediately follows, are both rendered by boKiudtuJ, although tlie word ]n2D does not occur elsewhere, and vno would be 35 graphically more probable '.n23 p"!no, Prov. 8 10, is actually rendered urr^p Xpi'oiov beboKJuaau^vov.
;
,

(29) in DTiUKD
all

ITie Q'r<* and ^jo. must also follow the Masoretic accentuation, which joins C^KD to the second part of the verse and separates it 40 from nSD nna. nn: is not, as (8?5J take it, Nifal from mn, but Qal from V13 to snort, pant, of which no verbal forms occur, though it is undoubtedly the stem from which are derived mna^ 8,16, "inj Job 39,20, and D^'ni Job 41,12 (most probably also "Tmvni2 Kz. 32,2, the clever emendation proposed by Ew.xLD in

in

the

K'thib as one word; so also i vaj

other \'ersions divide into ^vo words.

We

place of the traditional iwrnaa). iU \n5r, which mikjlu be a nominal formadon like ^^2 to read, with (ri:?3AI 'rf. also 9,23(' the participle ^Vi.

45
in v. 27;

but

it is

simpler

')-i6,

SiADii ^ZAT. IV, 151 154 has shown convincingly tliat 3 6 16 forms an independent passage, complete in itself, which interrupts the connection between 50 A certain affinity \*ith 3,5 and 3,19, and cannot originally have stood here. 3,13 on the one hand, and with 3,20 22 on the other, may have caused its
insertion here.

5,136,7
also the

-fJ3^-K* 3'"''^ -'^OSJ*'-

47

cf.

German
nb.

luufisch.

^ seems

not to have read the word.

freely,

but

well iJi*t.
(13)

M + ur\b

ntoy^

These words,

rightly omitted in , are

superfluous and,

moreover, do not suit the context. Speeches of the false prophets are not quoted here, and even should we assume that the words of the people given in v. 12 are merely the echo of the lies spoken to them by the false prophets, and, therefore, substantially the language of the prophets, they are nevertheless not words of with reference to which it cannot be said: ill omen, but promises of happiness,
;//(7y

theuisclves ! Moreover the A\ords \\hich 7i'//a/ ihcy prophesy Jiappoi to immediately precede in v. 13, are the assurance of what is for Jeremiah an al)- lu solute certainty, so that the wish that they may come to pass is utterly illogical. (20-22) Stade (ZAT. iii, 15-16), rightly says that verses 20-22 cannot be attributed to Jeremiah. The inflated and pompous diction of v. 22 ill accords with the tone of the remaining speeches, which is elevated indeed, but always simple; moreover the use of the plurals ITin and IV^Dlpn in calling the prophet to deliver 15

prophetic addresses to Israel,


(24)
(28)
ill

is

unparalleled.

K'^thib

nnvv

has y"J ^"13"! ^13J?, which the commentators ha\c endeavored to explain in various ways: they overstep the words of evil, that is, they surpass in c\il all measure and limit; or they overjlo^u unth evil words or 7i'iih evil. X0 (kui irctpt- 20
i?l

-rrovripov) read '''13"], so also 3, and apparently (T. on the other hand, koI iTapePn(^v Kplaiv ouk CKpivav Kpioiv opcpavoO, did not read J>T ''12T and took the inf. absol. ]''T as a substantive standing as direct object to 1"i2V. This sets us on the right track. j?"i '"12T must in fact be stricken out, and 112V must be emended to ViJ?, in accordance with Deut. 32,15. The 25 ^ pausal form of a n"^ verb with retained, which occurs also Jer. 12,9, must be
prjcfav Toui; \6-fou(; |aou eiq

and

S,

preserved, as
5

it

affords the best explanation of the corruption n2j?.

(2)

very doubtful passage

lated in accordance

of Zion. flat, but the fact that nDT has, in the Qal, the meaning annihilate, is positively assured by Hos. 4,5. 2" seems to have so understood the words, and Rashi

in which the tradition varies greatly. We have transw ith ill / annihilate the lo^'ely and delightful, the daughter 3^ The words are certainly disconnected and sound rather prosaic and
:

and Joseph Qamhi explain in the same way. X and 3 uj|aoiuj0a, /. e. WS'n, and David Qamhi takes the Qal in this sense. S rather more suitably: -^>oj 35 = *n''p'l, which is taken as 2 pers. fern, written with according to the Aramaic form, but in this case a h, or an bt< would be necessary. Ewai.d would avoid this difficulty by rendering: I mean the dai/ghter of Zion, which he takes as a parenthesis; but n&'n always means to imagine somethitig, never simply to mean. Koi 40 differs completely, reading HMJ instead of man and joining it to v. i ouvTpPn Me'fw^n Yiverai Kai b.Q;io.\^i.^x\GiiT(x\ to uijjoc eOyaTep Ziiuv. This would give good sense and would suit the connection. They evidently read nttll \cf. Mi. 2, 3) instead of *n^Bl, but the word dq)aipeeriaeTai causes some difficulty. A con"'

Cf)

might lead to the conjecture nniVi^: i^'^d the haughtiness of the daughter of Zion shall be brought low. liut n3J>3 is never translated by aqpaipei- 45 o9ai, nor nij? by uqpaipeiv, and the conte.xt requires something stronger than the
sideration of JH

mere humiliation of haughtiness.


of JH.
(6)

It

seems

best, therefore, to retain the

reading
neces50

iU has ns without p^Bb; so also sary; cf. Deut. 20,19.


ill

(t.

All other Versions read

ni|P,

which

is

(7)

"I'pns, but the same verb must stand in both hemistichs. '\'''^V> might be deri\ed from the stem mp; cf l^sn v^ 33,lo; Ez. 17,19; TDS 89,33; '^'^''^^ Hos. 8,4;
\\?

but the Jewish commentators expressly deri\e T'pn from

nip,

and the change

46

-;.:n^Siy; so also

21irfmia6

>-

<

4,45,8

(4)

M3
Ti'iv

(tS better ^h^v, </ Deut. 10,16. 6 freely I (rd? novripiaq OKXtipOKupbiuv umiiv, but in a number of MSS '^uinong iheni those which contain ihc recension of Lucian) we find rf\v dKpoPuOTiuv rfiq Kopbiuq uiiutv.
.

(6(?i a^jree with ill K'^thib ippni; so also 3, a diitograni of the linal \ of nD1. the Qre. Hut while (10) This verse is modeled on 14,13; 1,6; c/. also 1,11.13; 11,5; 24,3. in these passages the speech of the prophet is immediately followed by the di(5)
\

>

v. 11 completely ignores v. 10, the matter also, the words are K. 22,2023, Jeremiah could not say that the false 10 very suspicious. In spite of l)rophets deceived the people by command of Juvil, nor docs he ever say so, liowc\er much he complains of the false prophets and c<tntends against them:

ine answer,

we

find here

nothing of the sort;


v. 9.
i

and connects directly with

As regards

especially the answer of JnvH in 14,14 with the standing D'nnV nh (14,19; 23,32; 27,14; 29,9; and the DS'^'Sl 03^ iK't?' of 29,8. The verse must accord15 ingly be considered as ;i later ;iddition intended to exculpate Judah. Masoretic jiccentuation must be abandoned. iH joins nin to the (16) "'3n. The following words, but correctly regards it as containing the purport of ITStM:
i/.

(bou fiKaai. Since Jerusalem alone, not the DMj themselves, can be conceived of as the recipient of the announcement, h must here, as fretjuenUy after ItJH, ser\c to designate that concerning which the announcement is made. It would have 20

(19)

been clearer, had the prophet said DJn, but the simple nin is also used in v. 24 where we should expect DIH; c/. also Job 9, 19. presents in the K'thib the impossible form nbiniK, wliich, in order to obt;iin a form gramm;ilically possible, is altered by the Q<^re to nyniK. The reading r6inK gives the meaning d\*fuJ which is required by the context and is in accordance 25 with the entire tradition. This reading is in fact given in the Kaer-Delitzsch edition, but there, too, is pointed n^inh. nbim must, however, have actually stood in the archetype of ill, since otherwise the misunderstanding of the form would

^28;

be simply inconceivable. The context absolutely 30 K^thib 'nj?D, which is altered by the Q*rS to 'POB'. requires the participle nPoW, which is also the reading of all the Ancient Versions. In 22,29 \\'e have two certain participial forms ending in T. itl reads nJOD nity K^l 'noni ^1 'net 'man '3 by-, C5, on the other hand, gives tlie only natural and unconstrained order of the words: hi6r\ i\aXr\aa xai ou fiera-

voi'iaoi, iLipiarjcra

xai ouk dTTocTTpe'ivuj du' auTfjq.


i\\

35
"'pn,

(29)

correctly Trdoa n X^i^P"; "^^ ^ilso ? in the London Polyglot. produced by the influence of the following Tj?n hz.
<8
ill

an error

(30)

K'thib 'OK.
in
(fi,

The

following word nnc is wanting should nevertheless be retained.

and

is

rather harsh syntactically, but

40

7)

mVox. B.\er-Delit2SCH point


K<=thib

P3te),

and

(f)ii3

all

take

it

in

this sense.

But most

printed editions of the Hebrew have P3tfK), and a few (ireck MSS, among thcni those which exhibit the recension of Lucian, have, in accordance with this read 45 ing, Kui iiJpKicov as a doublet. unneces(8) The K'thib D'Jtits, which gives perfectly good sense, is, to say the least, sarily altered by the Q'ri} to DVJ'O-

The

by ?3A0 C^2C^C I D"2Cd, but without obtainwhich can only be part Hif. from a 50 stem nv, which must then be combined \\ ith niO /o uutnth-f- about, which in Prov. would 5,20 is also used of the madness of love. The stem pw, which Ewalu compare (D^3B'o D'Pt'D'y likewise unites the meanings of mnnins; and Jtfut or rut.
diflicult

word

D'3tyt3

is

re;id

ing a satisfactory sense.

iH re;ids D'3tfi?.

2,34 4>2
2
of
D'^risiltt,

-s-s*a-K*

^eremt'a^
first

^>s?-i-

45

which might be either

person

nine (so 5; S seems to have read nriKSO). struction as the more probable. n^ ^3 by

Our

(63), or second person femitranslation follows the latter con:

''3 might also mean //ion hast fiof come upon tJiein breaking in, but on account of all this, that is, thou hast murdered them on account of all thy sins and evil deeds, because they would not connive at them, but rebuked thee for them; and this might refer to the murdered prophets The exis actually used in this way in 2 K. 21,16; 24,4. of v. 30: ^pi pression would, however, be extremely forced and unnatural. The reference of n'jK ^3 to "I'BiS: I have 7wt found it (the blood of the murdered) in the place of

breaking
ing verse

in,

but

iipoti all these (the

factory. It
:

would seem
but in spite

edges of thy garments), is likewise unsatis- 10 be the simplest plan to connect the words with the followof all this thou say est: 1 am innocent. But here, too, serious
to

philological difficulties arise, and, moreover, this e.xplanation is excluded by the structure of both verses, according to wliich the words in question or their equivalent can only be connected with v. 34. No certain restoration of this corrupt 15 passage has so far been offered.

(i)

iU begins the verse with the word ^taK^, ^^hich causes considerable difficulty. It cannot mean vulgo dicitur (3), and it is impossible to supply a form of nox. "12T \T'1 has been omitted, or that "lOXM 20 The assumption that the phrase ''^

nw

jbcn in^WX""

'D'^S ''^

mn"'

is

to

be supplied from

v. 6, is

excluded by the fact that

3,1 forms the immediate continuation of 2,37. It would seem, therefore, more natural to take DXO (2,37) as the I'crbum dicendi or scntiendi upon which "IDX^

depends. But the intervention of the words Dnb ''n''^5}n N^l is opposed to this view. therefore, in accordance with S", omit the word, though it is difficult to 25 say how it got into the passage, since it can hardly be regarded as a dittogram

We must,

It might possibly be the corrupt remnant of a verse that Dn*?. has entirely dropped out, since the context, although intelligible as it stands, would certainly be clearer if some such idea intervened as we find in Hos. 2,9:

of the preceding

Then shall thou say : I will return


then than now.
(4.5)

to

my former

husband, for

I was

better off 30

in K^thib "riNIp and "nnm.

(19)

The K^thib IKIpn and Uicn,


sarily altered

(22) (23)

03 and js, has been unnecesand "aicn. 35 n3")K is expressly recognized by the Masora as an incorrect spelling for xs").s:. fivTUJC ei<; vjjeOboi; vjOav oi Pouvol kui r\ buva.un; xiJuv opdoiv, 53 and apparently also (T; Al TO TT\)'i6o(; tujv op^ujv, which gives a better sense, and correctly omits

expressly attested by

by the Q^rc

to \s-ipn

the copula, ill has D^-.n ]1ttn nij?3i "ipu'b ]3X. The simple change of the punctuation to ]"iDri is of no service, since the idea would still be very awkwardly ex-

pressed. No such form as n2J0 or nvaiO for nV'3J occurs, nor did the Masorites 40 In spite of 23,23 and i(j loi ,7; Prov. 12,17; 19, 5 -9, it is altogether find it here. impossible to divide differently and read ri1j?3i C'lpB';, and nothing else remains

than to assume a clerical error and strike out the

(1.2)

Verses

i and 2 are an amphfication of the words of Jhvh in 3,22'', but both in 45 thought and expression decidedly foreign to the style of Jeremiah. presents them in a characteristically difterent form, in which-their un-Jeremian character

appears

still

more
|.iou

distincdv: ^av ^-maTpaqpri


Ttepi^Xi;]

lapa^X, Xi'^ix

Ki'ipioc,

irpo?

\ki iTX\-

oxpacpnaeTai, Kai

Mv

xa pbeXiiY^axa avjToO ^k axouaxo^ auxou, xai

diro

xou

Kupioc, jnexu dXiiOeia? ^v Kplaei Kai 50 biKaioauvi], Kai euXoYnoouoiv dv aOxuj ^Bvii Kai ^v auxuJ aiv^aouai xiu Geuj ^v In reality, 4,3 forms the immediate condnuation of 3.25 and conlepouoaXiiu. tains the answer of jHVH to Israel's confession in 3, 22^^-25.
-rrpoaujTTou
e\}\aPf)eri, Kai 6).i60i;)
Ziv)

':10;:

:>i:^

#-c<3

-^

-^s

Critical' (llofco

on

3^'***-*"^'*^^

(})

As

this

written in the fourth or


''5)

loj

Jil

K'^tliil) TllVX. -i-onnbl; but as early as Sir. 49,7 the words are cjuoted in the form Koi KaKoOv Kui diroXXueiv ibaauTUJ? oiKobo|ieTv Kal KaTaq)UTUiv,
ill

verse mentions the eleventh year of Zedekiah fifth year of Jclioiakini.

it

cannot have been

'xpiZoi

14)

nnsri; but
is

(5

and as
(18)
ill

rec[uired

^KKauBnaetai, as in the foregoing verse X^Ptiru unoKaiiMCvov, by the parallel with the preceding vision.

niDhb^; perhaps a
,58.

mere

clerical error;

t/.

2,25; 8,6; 17,23.

The same

variant 10

occurs 51
2 '12}
20
ill

I2"]n,

which

is

in

every respect strange.


also 5,5.
'rpnJ,

(D

well renders

im

nXciov a(p6bpa
A,

ni<D n2")n.

npni, rnaw, so

^3;

c/.

This

may have been


first

intended by

but the

pointing

is

W2B^ and

and the

person

is

expressly confirmed by

?5

A0. The
2
1)
ill

K'=ihib 1^2J?K,
]Din, as in

has

confirmed by (DiJ, is altered by the Q're to "il-SW; so .lUo (T. 22,26 ri'inx P,K'7, which is contrary to syntax, and only occurs
very doubtful passages.

in rare instances in
ill K'-"thib
ill

ICDi.

20
a

K"^tliilj "[illil,

mere

clerical error;

</!

in! 1,18.

;27)

Tlic K'^thil)

'3mb\ ronfirmed by
correctlv ^beEaoBe.

(OSS',

is

unnecessarily altered by the n*rc to

30)

ill
I

Mnph. It t

(6

For n;^BKB (Siadk, S 302^: n;^BKb) r/. Dr. Martin Jaolks note m his p.ipcr 25 on the seniivowel ^ in .\ssyrian, printed in Deiji /sen's and Haii'Ts Ba/mjpe
zitr scmitischen Sprailnvissenschaft
,

vol.
;

i,

p.

471 below.

J.VGER considers the


enclitic

appended
l)article.

r.'

in

n^^CKC; n*-|'Dn

(iji

89,)

rrnanbr (Cant 8,6) an

emphatic

1'.

H.l

'li)

tou liidvai tu.; 6bou<; aou, and this parallelism between 'i'DT 30 was certainly intended in the original text, ill reads n'.jT.rrnH nno^ (K'thib 'mtiS), which has about the same meaning, but is very unnaturally
<"J

^iToviipeuauj

and

T\\9^J^

expressed: thou
(34j
ill

lurst tiiu^ht

thy

7i'iJvs n'lV.
,

D'iV2K,

which disturbs the paraHclismus membronim

and introduces an

35 erroneous, or at least misleading feature into tlie figure. ill has at the end of the verse :n^"?3 "tb '2, which is read bv (8i n^K, iv\ ndoij bpui. The understanding of the passage is rendered diflicult by the ambiguity

52,2034

-^j-53<-s:*

rr'tt"!*

^*-sjeo

43

52
3

'IDS

f]DD itj'si
Tl1'

2nt in\
-lt^J;

iti'K

ni';?ittn

ni nisDn nsi
n^iti'

nnien nsi nn^on


JD^nuta

nnn

nti'ni

n^^ti*

"ipnm nn d\t

nmisyn

nn np^

21 mti^y

22

23

24

ns

D^nt:> toim inn nsvn ^n^oip njss mtrv "iDtr nmvm jn^n nnn mnsn noipi ntrnj vVy mnbi :2id: mysiJK j;^^ I'^Vi "1^20^ nex ^ityn m^v^ n'?K3i ntj^ni ^Dn n^^D nnnon bj; D^iiam nD2b>i me trcn :n^2D nDnb'n ^j; nxD D^:i3-in Vd nnn? ntytyi D^t^^n D^ibin rn^ .'n^iism ntr^ty ni nitron ]n3 n-'is:? nsi trt^nn ]nD nnli^ n D^n^is :2"i npM nyntyi non^on ^ti'iK ^v n^ps nM "iti^s in ono np^ -i^yn ]oi :']Dn noti* nsb nT Tyn isiJtti nti' j'?ttn ^is ^'-io D^trjK DV ns ni'cn ni}n
-iti'

10

26
27

pNinni nms
li'Nmsui

np^i

n^yn

"jinn
ns^i

n^si'oin

pn
i'pio

nj?o

ti^^s

n^tytri

pn
I'lsn

n^mn

nno^i ^nn 1^0


n'pjn

nms
iti's

:nn^^n ^nn
nr

^n

Dm
^ti''?ti'

'jbh n^nnta

28 niti'n

Dj;n

nnons
D^Ji''7ti'

^;;o

n-nn^ ^ri

non

29 -iiJK-nDUi'?
^

mtry

nr.ttty

nitrn

jnty^tri
jn^itri
ti's:

nnti'vi

Q's^

Q^in^ V^tr
D'?trn'' 15

lij^-nDni'?
ti'Di
"PD

nnti'vi

^b^* nic*n

niNo moti'
adnata

tj'si

ntyom D^yms

mo

v^ti'

D'"nn^

m
ti'ti'i

]n.s-inni

n'?in

:mo
1^0 pD^in^ DD^ "pv^o
n^on
ittvn
ti'Ni

D^D^N

nvm

32

li^DD

ns ns

inD'?o

niti*n

]nM nnta ins


"rssi

^nn i^d ^no '?^i tyi ly-in'? ntj'ttm im^ :^v^Dn n^3o ins si'^i m^n^ 20

33 ^0^ ^D

viB*?

on^

is'pd

njin
i^

n-jtri

"pnnn ins ntrs o^D^O'^na

34

nv ny

nv

im

^nn

"j^d

nso

nin: n^on nnis innnsi :v^^n

42

'"I'tt"^'

'

5,49 52,19

:m.T dk: D^initiM nb

-ik-Z'

ps^ic
i'?2J

*2

cni
n:

nt:'K

7r^,

]'^t<^

ccl" bzi by 51
"td:'?

2ino
'D

D'd'te

'.Yinr[

h^ ^^^n

'?22'7

"^Knc'^

^"r^n"?

"ris
":

c:

:.49
51

i:ti'2

Hin
5

]D^

by r^byn d'tltit"! :nin^ n^2 "iripo ^y cnt


:^'?n

:c222'7

n\-i^

n p',mc n^t ncyr.


ir:D
nc'r^

i:"?,-!

"i2

^2

nnoD

nc^.n .:yDtr s^
53
54 n:
5<i

n'?vn ^D

npyt
b)i:

"jip

b^p

p:^ n:{-iN "rDSi n^'?^D2 "^v ^mpEi ni.T cs: n\s2 cd^ :mn^ dk: nb omb^ 1x2* ^r^Ho n;y cr.D i^iin 'ri c^ctrn "722 nice ;2si ^22 n m.T 'ttj' ^2 :n'itr2 pKC "jn: i2tr'! "72212
'?22
"py

n2'?ii

nrnty

n^'?y

{<2

^2

n^ip

]m<u ]ni c^2n


^2

[:'C2 cn^V:

icm

10 nis2^'

n'D2m nnty ^m2:i*m :cVii'^ mn^ )'?cn cs: ii-p^

cVti*
.s"?*.

mn^
cbiy

n^'?oi "?

Dmnc*p nnrn nm2:


n'^ir.
.t::2',

57

nyj

i:l""',

n'n^nc
.12

D\n2:n iTiytri 'i;;iynn lyiy n2rnn

"722

nci-n m2i* mn^ ncs

r.cir 5S
trt<2

n
15

in2'?2

n^pnc
:

]2

nDr<^' a >n2 D^E'?i pn ^12 c'cv '.>:*"! t.^j* nn: ]2 nnl^ n K^2in i.tct n^i' tjx ^2-"722
s',2n

3>
c

in^cT

2n2^';

D^2n2n

7:bi<n
"72

nmis ic' nniyi 'i2'7c'7 n'V2in n:'j'2 Dn2nn '72 ns im^ nso ^ "722 "r.s
jiN^pi

-t.t -jVc "rs n>n-

',n*pTi
"72

rs
62

u'lzm
atyv 12

ns*

n^sni

"722

it<22

n^^u

bi<

i.tct ne",

:'722 '7K 01

nrn ^n'72^ inn2n'? ntn n)pj^r[ ba m2"i nn m.T mcs^ :r!?ri nrn -iddh n xip^ ";n^22 hmi :n'nn ub^y niccj '2 n?:n2 ->; z-sd^
^i2J2

03

Dipn

^<'7^

"722

vptri n22

mesi :mD
Hill

^in

*? in2'7t:'n*,

]2 v'7V nirpn 64

20

nn^DT n2T
ccn c'7^'n'2
:D'pMn^
ntj'y

IV

"isv'i

n^'7y

'2i: *2: itr

n>nn
52, s
^

i^tt
nc'iS

nyj' htj'V nn.si


"722
n^~i^

"i2'7i:2

"ni^pii'

ruLi*

r,ns', z-^i:';' ]2

25

^ry2 >nn trri :n:2'7s in*cT n2 ^e-vcr. -.cs TiDM viD ^vo D^'^ i2^yLj'n IV miTi d'7'J",t2 nnM mn^ ^a by *2 ^mb Duyi n'Lryn tinn2 i2'7o'7 ny\rnn :^yz'z *n'i :^22 i'7C2 ^r:*p-i*
P:t n^^v i:2n n'by
',:n')

3 4

2'7triT

by

1'7'n

^21 Nin

^22
t.:{D2

-jVc n:js--:^2:

.si

y^2in

Li'-n2

nn^pi:{

i'7c'7

nity mtrj;
Dn'7

^ntry
k'7^,

ny

Tyn

i<2*T

:2-iz

o.n

30

Ty2 2yin prn^', *j-!n'7 .-yirri 7 ntr.s D\nbnn ]'2 iy:i* -in r^b'b Tyne \s:{'"i ^m2* ncnrc- *c;.s ]: '7y >-in D"TJ'2 "r^n iditi n2"iyn -jti o'7^'i 2*22 yyn by c'tj'2', -Vcn s itrsn^i :v'7yD ii*'Di i'7'n "721 iny n2iy2 in*p-i^ ns lytr'-! ;'7Dn 9 ']'7en ns :c't:2L:'); mx n2Ti ncn ]ns2 nn'72? ^22 -^Vc Vs ^rs 'by" iDH'^^^. ]'7D n ^yy riKi :nn'72n2 en'j* n-^n* nir ^72 ns cr, ryyb i.Tp-;^* :2 rs ^22
^2^ ^'yn

yp2m :]nsn

cy'7

hm

mpDH
35 "ibob

n'2-^

in:*Ti

n'722

'722

-jbt:

',ns2".

c'riirni2

^mos'^ tj;
:^n*,

'..TpTi

nyj HT^yy y*^n


"72

n:ir K*n ti-inb T,iry2

-c^cnn trin2i

cv ^y

12

:d'7L^it2 "722

ibc 'icb ;<oy> C'n2e 21 ps"'r2: S2 ^22 iVc ^ss^-2'2:


ns',

b]i:n n'2
2-1

cbi^'ir

\"i2

"72

n.s*

-ben n'2 rs'


cbL^-n-

n'.n-

r-i

rs r-rv
.-^-l-

13
-j
-c

nN

itrs

c'Tj'2

b^n

',^n:

2*22

ntT, bz

r.s* r,s^

:l-.s2

b22 ^bo bs
40

ib2i -itrN nebcin ns^

Ty2
2"^
'-;',Ey
'."^2ir

2'^sir:n

cyn

'\r\'

:c*n2t:

psnn22
:nb22
"bs

^'SL"n

]nsn nib^ei :c'n2c


-ity

psn?',2:

ni:ben ni mn^ n'2b


cnii'n:

n^-nin
d^Tw"2

rs^
n^n*

:2'2:''''

nb:n v,cn v; ni z^e-ib z-rie 2"


2'

10
i;

b2

rs

\su"i

iT22 "'rs rrn:n

rs*
:

nsi npnton ns*, nreten ns^ c-yn rs* r^-rr rsni nipiTcn nsi mnncn nsi cEon ns^ :^npb cn2 *.n"^u" -rs rrr:b2 nsi

m52n

51,648

-oii3'G-^*

n^ftT

^OBii^

41

Dini< ^2 msz^j mn^e vn'psf: 51,6 ^22 lino ^Di {"^siii'^ ii'npo oti'S n^'po D^tr'o in b)^: mn^'? sm npi ny ^d niix^n is^n ^ it's: tr'^s itsVoi nirL-o nin^ n^n "^^n ^nt did jh"? 7 i^'^nn-' "py d^u intr ny^
]D

pn

9.S ^i2-i

:K2iri

^"pix

nniKDO^

n:j inp :]'bv )b^b'n

n^iym

"pDr -'?:

Dxns :-

12

m nin^ nop: ^d nn^ntrn'? ^pvnn Di isty b22 nbin ^k n^D\T nopi -im T^ ns nti'V d:i mn"' cot d:i ^d d^dish li^Dn nnDti* "lo^pn "lOD'on

14.13 j;^^'^
113

ps

qj;^^ nos ^?p 2 nb'y'mNn t^v "liyi


D^D ]ion inn
^ip"?

nhi'is

mi

0^21 d'o

^j;

^niDty t'pnn
^d
iti*i2

^dd'^

*?

10

pb^2

dik i^niSVo dk
ntai

mni' mn^
]^do

16 n^o^'n
17

:D^Dti'

injunai incDHD ^nn

inin

18

19 3

nn i'ri ntyj? "^tso'? npnn ps ni'p D'str: ^y^i 'td t^'^in nync ^ddo ntr^yo non bn :Dn nn id) idd: npty ^d in'pnj <> in "pdh -li'V ^2 npv^ P^n nb.sD .s^ mas^ ompD nj;2 o^nyn nn |>2)2 no^^ mwn^ nin^ 13 'nnt^m d^ij in 'n^'ESi nn'?o ^^2
^D lyn: :rn-ii'ND
i-ii'
'b

15

22.21 ntrsT ty^

-jn

^ni*2ii
-ja
"pd^i

:inD"ii
"ni'Sii

nsn

"jn ^n^JSii

i3D"n did

12 ^nusii :mD'?co
nvii ]p:

23 ^nsBii

myi

nyi

tnb)n2)
^noVtin

mnn

\ii'Dii
"jn

24 n3

n DntyD

'ntyT'

'rnn'?

:n"'2:iDi

mns

^ni*ii

in ^ni*ii nosi "i2N in

DSi n^nt^'on nn t'ps ^:jn :nin^ Di 02^:7^ l^nnii D^'^Dn ] 7n'?:i':':n yb)} ^r n ^n^tsii 26 n\nn d'pij; mooti^ ^d nnDio"? ]nNi nis^ ]n

1^'^'^

pn
id

b^

20 ^^V ^^ Qnyi ns n^ntran mn^


i<b)

inp^

iri^'p in"?

27 n'hv

ir^^n
:

D^i:i

n^Vv
p'?^2

itr^p

D^i^n

n^iD*

ivpn

psn

28 n^'^y )^i'p

10D

did
"^n

i'?j;n

iDstD n^'py

nps

d? iNtr :mn^ d2 Tintr'kSi ^io D-ns nin'roD

29 typrii

nn'pti'Do

]n

nsi n^iiD b2 nT n^mns n


Dit:'^

no

^nbe
^d

ns

d^i:i

25

Vo
h

noty^ ^nn

ps

nin^ mnti'nD "rnn ^v

nop

'?nni
I'rnn

pxn
:niyi>

in<^n>

31

u'mb vn Dmin:i i'7oVi^:n'? TJO ns^p"?


>ii>it^T

nn^'i nn^ion njy^ Dn'?n^ Vnn


1^:01

mn:

^it

p
:

nsip"?

:n^nnn

i-intyi

n^nix'o

32 33

ty.sn isity D^o:isn


'pxntr^

nsi

lt^'n:

nnnyom
n"?

tnijpo

itv mn'pi
^n

b22
30

ny pJ3 bnn nn
b22
"py

^n'?

nini'

mn^ nos nn
Ti'pn ny
j-'inn

n'^nn:
tsyo iiy

non^on

34
n"?

i'?o li's-nnin: "^^ioon '^'o'?n nxti'i

nm

nnmn
"ii^i'n

"^Don

:^^innn ^inyo

ity-in

*?

c>a2y^n

pn

^Vn

36

3S.37

39
41.0

mn> io nn in"? toba^n^ losn ontr^n ^nty^ ^s ^om ]Vi* nnti^*' losn "rnn ^iin :n"npo n "nti'nini no^ ns 'nmnni inopi ns ^nopii inn nx ni list:'^ ancnn nn^ :nti'v 'i\Ko npniri no*^' D^in ]iyD d^'?:^'? "pnn nn-ni '\'^]!l D^.y nit^ liti'^i it'?y^ lyD"? D^mntrm Dn^nt^o ns n^'j'^ Donn :mn m^n - mn"?: 7 :Dmny oy n^'?\sn nuts'? onnn DTnis :mn^ DSi irp^ i6y
nn\n i^n

35

42 ]ionn D\n "pnn bv n'?y :D^i:in "pnn notr'? 43 s"?! c'\s 7n ]nn nti*^ iS'? <> nmyi n^i:

psn

"pn

n'?nn trsnni
v'pj

ps

noty*?

nny rn :nnDni

44 nn:^

n'?i

vco
ti'^x

iy'?n
112^01

ns

\nsi'rn

^nnn
isi*

no ^c'Di
46 nityn
47 D^o"^

n
nin
Jcr.

^oy nnino

Vy "^mpsi jonx ]n ]nn nny^ 40 :n^s: ^nn noin Di w)^ my v^


'^n

m pn
in"?

nyotj'in

nyiotyn isn^m onnn^ i^^


]ns'n

]di

:nin''

>s

]nno

:bvt^
)b^'

bv

^ti'o

Dom
n^Jis

nyioii'n

niti'n

vnni
6

nyiotrn

48 lini

tnninn

ndbn

^ni

tmn

^m bnn

^^^dd bv

^mpsi D'sn

40

ta<^*k

n'D-i'

^o*^:d^"12d
-v'rn:{n"i

501251,5

nnnx n:n

DDrn'?v niEn

nD ddc nc'u

i^.

nb:);2 50.12

nw^-trs
5

i'?Di

HT

Hin: 2^20
TlTHd

n^'?y

lym nwon
:

mn'"? ^d }n
^2

bt<

iVcnn ?

-c

in"o
iy^i

tn"?

itry

nn^'j;

n2

"icp:n

K^n mn' nep:

.-i^n^D"!n

idti: j6

liD^

iDV
]'?d

^
i'?2

tr\s

n:vn 2in ^:dd


ri'innn

nn
nps
"?

ni:r

]i:r-i'

^2:n
"^K^tr^

"^xitr^

^n'?

r\M<2^ mn"'

i^:tp ny2 '?:c :rtn '?22o pit nr^x bn-\u' nnnc n^j- :idi:^ itj^.K"? io n2 p"? :'722 i"?!: <- '.e^j? ]nnKn

17

18 19
:

TiS

^n22t:'i

mtrx

i'?o ?

"n^ps

n:rK2

i^n bi "722 i'?d

"^k

10 nj;2i

Dnn

c^d^2 ntrEi V2trn iy'?:m

cnDs
y'\i<n

nn2i ]ty2m "ro-on bv

nym
n'?cs

np

2"^ iipD

'2:i*r

'?Ni

n^'py

n"?!?

n^mo

:tkcs

ik-w"?

'2 21

7
15

'.bu: i2tri
"i"?

p2
:

nen"?

"jip

t^n^i^i ^:r '?22

nuy^ mn^ Di - Dinm -'j"


^4
.-:

m2'7i DJ1

nnM i' ]nsn '?2 ir^es ^2Lj''i yn:: o ncDm dji nsi'c: ryT k"? nsi '722 :Dnty2 pN2 ni2:i nin> 'inks'? km n2'?D ^2 ^eyr ^^2 n :in nrs :nnxc' n"? Mn "? monnm D'0"^y 122 m^D n'D2Ko innc ]*pD n"? 1x2 d^d: b^p :DrnpD ny nor S2 '2 Dn'by ^in n2D'? ht .tie '?2 12"^
'ntrp'

2^1:2 '?22 matr'?

nx mn^ nns :nninn m.T2

26
28.27

lyotrn :i'?2'n nop: irnbx nop: nx ]r:{2 Tin*? '?22 ]'"sc cc'tei 29 20 n"? ^Qbu nis''7S -nS^ ^n' '?x 2'2d ri'bv lin nt'p '2i"; b2 n^-iy- '^22 "rs
ibs^ ]2^ :^Kiir^ tynp ? mt mn^ ^iS '2 n*? itry nntry itrs '?22 r:'?y22 D: ]nt y^s 'iin :m.T as: - iqt nncn'jo 'tris b2' n'n2nn2 n'Tn2
"j

tt

31

D'po
^i2
25

^b

)\si

"jd:"!

D'pitry

n\s2^'

)nt tei :i<n^p>E ny ni.T ics n2 :rn2'2D

icr
b2

,S2

'2

n\s2i'

n*,T
l-s
':2i 'iCC

':-; 3^

r^bzio
'?2<-

vSr-2

'n^jni 33

m.T

prn D'?Ni

:cn'?K' i:d

c2 ip'tnn Dn*2W

2"in :'722 *2:r*'? riini

pxn
bi<^

ns

yrn
"?

lyo"?

D2n

nvS

nn* hti.t 2't 2"i

Vkic
n\s2s

34
.-'?

Dn2n
nty

"?

2in :.TD2n
H'o'o
ntr^i
*?

n^^u bn^ b22 'lU'

"pxi

mn' ck:

c"-;*j'2

by 36

2nyn ^2 bui 122^ ^si void


'2
itr2'i

2nn

p
30 niy^

2i^>

:itt;i

n'm^'\s

:inm .tt,2: ^ 2in "rs 2in ctt':'? vm


n'r'r.'in'

ibwii 37

n2'.n2 38

m:2

.12

nxi

mo
n:n

nwS

D'n'rs
]2
.12

n"\s ns n22nc2

d":i i2tr^ p"?

c'c\s2i

s'n

d'^td

39

mi
tr\s

nn ny
db'

|i2cn
"?

s"?^

:ms

T,r

k'?i

2K"

nirr

m^b my 2cn s'ri c: t:2C r\n^ r^-^y

=
41

nt2N ip'tn' ]T2i ntrp :]n 'n2TD nV' d*2"i D'2':di bn: 'iii pc^to k2 42 I'Sy nen^o'? tr\s2 -jny 122T d'did H'i hot d'2 c^^p lenn* x"?^ ncn 35 :n'i'?v2 "p'n unp'mn nn:i vt id^i cycir nx ^22 ""td yeir :^22 n2 43
^Di
]2'?

n''?yo

D:t-^n

ny':n '2 ]n'K

m:

"?

pTn
'rD2 bn
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39

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13

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36

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26 27 28

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25

Jer.

--H3.

cEnangemcnf
Tlie
first

of tBc

Zcxt

?*-*

Jcicmialj ilie text is arranged in section of the Ijook pp. I 13) contains the discourses which appear to have been dcliveretl durinji the first twenty-three 45 years of the prophet's ministry (B. C. 626604). They were probably contained
ilje

present cdiiion of the


;il

Hook of

IN
I

lironolos^'ii

order.

in

tlie

60S -597^
in

original roll written down in the fourtli or fifth year of Jehoiakim (B. C. <". Then follow the discourses delivered O04 '(-/! the account in c. 36
/'.
.

1316) as well as during the reigns of Jehoiachin (597 IJ. C; pp. 16.17) and Zedekiah (596586 B. C. pp. 1723), 50 and after the destruction of Jerusalem (July 586 B. C. pp. 2325). An appendix contains some displaced genuine passages of Jeremiali which cannot be (p. 26
pp.
; ;

the later years of Jehoiakim

assigned to their pro|)cr places. The second part of the book

pp. 27 37) comprises a collection of Ijiographical chapters concerning Jeremiah's life. They were evidently written after the 55 death of the pro|)het (which proliably occurred shortly after 586) by a person who appears to ha\ e been well informed.

Finally there follow some sections 'pp. 3843; written neither by Jeremiah nor by the author of the biographical chapters. Later j^losses and interpolations within the several sections are relegated 60 from the text to the foot of the pages.

The arguments

for this

arrangement of the

text are given in the explana-

tory notes on the English translation of the book.

*
Genesis: C.
Tjail

Ei&t of ^onfriBuforD
Hahakkuk:
\V.

^^
II.

J.

Londonl

Ward (New
1

York). 20

Kxodus: Herljcrt E. Ryle (Cambridge). Leviticus: .S. K. Driver ami H. A. White (Oxford).

Numbers:
5

J. .A.

Patcrson (Edinburgh).

/ephaniah: E. L. Curtis (New Ha\en>. Haggai: (".. .\. Cooke (Oxford Zechariah W. K. Harper (Chicago). Malachi: C. G. Montcfioro and I. .Abra:

Deuteronomy: (Jeo.A.Smith(Cilasgow). Joshua: W. II. Bennett (London


t.

hams (London).
I'salms:
J.

Judges: (ico. V. Moore (Andover).


.Samuel
:

Proxerbs:
(Halle*.
F.

.A.

Wellhausen (Gottingcn). Mullcr* and E. Kauusch

25

K.
B.

Hudde
.Stadc

(.Strassburg).

Kings:

(liicsscn)

and

Schwally (Strassburg). ID Isaiah: T. K. Cheyne (Oxford'. Jeremiah: C. H. C'omill Konigsbcrg).


1

Job: C. Siegfried (Jena). Song of .Songs: Russell

Martineau

E/ekiel

C. H.

Toy iCaml)ridge, Mass.V


Brown (New
I

(London). Ruth: C. A. Briggs(New York). Lamentations: M. Jastrow, Jr. (Phila- 30


delphia).-;-

Hosea
Joel:
15

A. .Socin (Leipzig).
York).

Francis

.Xmos: John Taylor iWinchcombel Obadiah .Andrew larpcr(Mclburnc).


:

Ecclesiastes: Paul llaupi (Haliimore). Esther: T. K. Abbott vHublini. Daniel: .A. Kamphauscn (Bonn).

Jonah: Friedrich Delitzsch (Breslau). Micah: J. F. McCurdy (Toronto).

., Nehemiah:
Chronicles:

*:'"

I
)

H. Guthe (Leipzig).
R. Kittel (Breslau).

35

Nahum:

-;

Alfred Jeremias (Leipzigl


I2>''

Died September
Professor A.

1S92.
h.id .igreed to

Kuencn who

do

tlu-

liook died

December lO^

189I.

-xhSh*^

University of Toronto

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