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1. INTRODUCTION
College Portal
1. INTRODUCTION
1.1 Project Summary
College Portal is the web based and LAN based product which being created in .Net Technology. This project is targeted to college employee to access the college modules from any place through online or within college and make the system transparent. Internet has been for a long time, favored and accepted as a simple yet effective tool to reach out to people across the globe. College Portal uses the same approach to fulfill its intentions. Basically, we have developed this project for our college, which will be used for intranet as well as on internet initially and after than it can be completely hosted on internet. College Portal project will become very useful for the college to avoid very tedious, time consuming paper work and maintain history more efficiently. The web application offers a distinguishing factor from many others, an amenity that just sets the purpose right. The main intention of the system is to automate the functionalities that at present are done manually at the college.
College Portal
College Portal CONSTRAINTS Constraints identify limit placed on the software by external hardware, available memory or other existing system. INTERFACE Interface includes the hardware that executes the software, software that already exists, people that make use of the software and procedures that precede or succeed the software as sequential series of operation. RELIABILITY It measures at how many point the system fails. The lesser the failure, the more is the reliable system. The system we have built is suitable for todays fast life as people dont get time to spend on things that are less essential. The system built is advantageous in many ways, after studying the requirements of the system and knowing the problems faced by the user the scope of proposed system is as follows. For the marketing of the current system company appoints the executives through the limited states. So the scope of the current system is lower and now this system become online and LAN based as well as transparent by this project so the scope of this application will be higher.
The Project Deliverables are results that are delivered to the customer. Below is a list of the deliverables for this Project:
College Portal Software Requirements Specification Document Project Management Plan Design Analysis Test Plan Document Test Report Final Report
What it can't do? This project cannot generate attendance report of last semester attendance records because database would be refreshed after every semester as every semester contains approximate 50000 records in the database.
College Portal
College Portal The software development model, adopted for the proposed system, is waterfall model (Iterative model). 2.1.1 Project Plan
ANALYSIS PHASE Requirement Engineering Object Modeling Dynamic Modeling Functional Modeling
DESIGN PHASE Subsystem Design Reusable Component Design Database Design UI Design Object Design Architecture & Deployment Design File System Structure Design Test Case Design
IMPLEMENTA TION PHASE Database Creation Prototype Creation UI Component Development UI Development Core class Development Remote Service Development Figure 2.1 Iterative Waterfall Model
Reason for choosing the Waterfall Model: Waterfall model stipulates that the requirements should be completely specify before the rest of the system development is preceded. In the proposed system, the requirements are fixed and known beforehand and hence this model is suitable and adopted for the development of the proposed system. The systems services constraints and goals are established by consultation with system users. They are then defined in a manner is understandable by both users and developers. The system design process partitions the requirements to either hardware or software system. It establishes overall system architecture. Software design involves representing the software system functions in a form that may be transformed into one or more executable programs.
College Portal Analysis Phase This phase involves detailed study of the system using different tools like OMT and UML. First Using conventional requirement collection and engineering technique user and system requirements are explored. This gives the very detailed knowledge of the system. OMT includes Object Modeling, Dynamic Modeling and Function Modeling. Design Phase As conventional design method and according to OMT, as first step of design Subsystems of the system are identified. This phase also includes Architecture design, Deployment Design, File system Structure design and UI design. Implementation Phase Implementation phase includes development of UI components, creating prototypes of each core classes, development of core classes, UI development and remote service creation. Testing Phase In testing phase each method of the classes are checked during development phase as unit testing. Then each class is integrated and they are tested for integration testing. Ultimately test cases are tested to ensure that there are no bugs in the code.*/ OMT It is primarily used by system and software developers supporting full life-cycle development, targeting object-oriented implementations. Because of its simple core notation, OMT has proven easy to understand, to draw, and to use. It continues to be successful in many application domains: telecommunication, transportation, compilers, etc. The popular Object Modeling Technique (OMT) has been used in many real-world problems.
Key Benefit: The object-oriented paradigm using the OMT spans the entire development process, so there is no need to transform from one type of model to another.
2.2Project Plan
8 ME.CE. SEM-II(S/W Engg. & Meth.) Enrollment No: 110440702008
College Portal
Months March ( 1-17 ) March (18-25) March (25-30) April (1-30) May (1-15) May(16-31)
Plan Customer Communication Planning Risk Analysis Engineering Construction Release/Documentation Testing/Documentation Customer Evaluation/Documentation &
2.3Schedule Representation
Analysis
Testing
May(16-31) May(1-15) April(1-30) March(25-30) February(18-25) Mar-12 0 1 2 3 4 5 Work Done Work Left
College Portal
Project Risks: Project risks concern various forms of budgetary, schedule, personnel, resource and customer related problems. Miscommunication: It leads to misunderstanding, delay, frustration, lack of coordination amongst the team members and client. Time shortage: It leads to delay in the delivery of the product.
Personal conflicts between team members: It leads to unnecessary delay in each and every phase of software cycle and loss of direction. Illness or absence of team members: Absence of a team member increases the load of the project on other team members. Lack of expertise to fulfill certain tasks: Lack of knowledge in some areas leads to insignificant delay.
College Portal Technical Advisor not available when needed: Due to the absence of a technical advisor there was a delay in understanding the database. Unavailability of customer
Technical Risks: Technical risks concern potential design, implementation, interfacing, and testing and maintenance problems. Too many planned features lead to infeasible design Design errors: Due to lack of experience design errors are bound to happen. The customer changes the requirements: The scope of our project keeps changing as per users requirements The customer disapproves of the prototype: The customer may find the developed prototype unsuitable to his requirements
Business Risks: Business risks threaten the viability of the software to be built. Business risks often jeopardize the project or the product. Market risk: Building a excellent product or system that no one really wants. Strategic risk: Building a product that no longer fits into the overall business strategy for the company. Management risk: Losing the support of senior management due to a change in focus or a change in people. Product is not put in service
2.4.2 Risk Analysis Personnel Shortfalls: They may cause the developmental delays and would cause a change in the working strategy due to developmental dependencies of the functional modules. 11 ME.CE. SEM-II(S/W Engg. & Meth.) Enrollment No: 110440702008
College Portal
Unrealistic Schedule: It may cause the developers to give unrealistic commitments to the users and so lose their faith when the deliverables are not produced as per schedule. Developing wrong Software functions: It can be caused due to wrong requirement analysis or wrong programming method used to automate the requirements. It may cause the system to fail and not be implemented at all. Developing wrong User Interface: It may be caused due to lack of user acceptance and user involvement during development. The probability of the risk might be assessed as very low (<10%), low (10-25%), moderate (20-25%), high (50-75%) or very high (>75%).
Sr No. 1 2 3 4 5
Risk
Table 2.4.2 Risk Analysis Probability Low High Moderate High High
Organizational financial problem force reduction in the product budget Required knowledge is not available Change to requirement which require major design of rework Organization is restructured so that different management are responsible for project The time required to develop software is 12
College Portal underestimated User fail to understand the impact requirement change The rate of defect repair is underestimated The size of software is underestimated Misuse of the system
6 7 8 9
2.4.3Risk Planning Once risks have been identified and assessed, all techniques to manage the risk fall into one or more of these four major categories: Tolerate (Retention) Treat (Mitigation) Terminate (Elimination) Transfer (Buying insurance)
Ideal use of these strategies may not be possible. Some of them may involve trade-offs that are not acceptable to the organization or person making the risk management decision. Risk Avoidance: It involves method that would not perform an activity that could carry risk. Avoidance may seem the answer to all the risks, but avoiding risks also means losing out on the potential gain that accepting the risk may have allowed.
Risk Reduction: It involves methods that reduce the severity of the loss. We have used RAD Model so, we have developed project module wise that means develop one module and test it then start other module. So, project can limit effort wasted to a single iteration. Risk Retention:
College Portal It involves methods that accept the loss when risk occurs. Risk retention is a viable strategy for small risks where the cost of insuring against the risk would be greater over time than the total losses sustained. All risks that are not avoided or transferred are retained by default Risk Transfer: It involves method, which causes another party to accept the risk, typically by constructs or by hedging.
3. SYSTEM
14 ME.CE. SEM-II(S/W Engg. & Meth.) Enrollment No: 110440702008
College Portal
REQUIREMENTS STUDY
College Portal attendance& applications in the system. Student Users:-Student enters his personal data to view his/her attendance records and to access education forum. Guest User:-Guest user meant for the students guardian. He/she can check student attendance by entering roll no into the application. Guest user cannot modify the system.
There are two types of the users who are dealing with the system. Administrator Clients TABLE 3.1.1 Sr. no. User Name Work Area 1 Administrator Having access to all modules and supervise database. 2 Clients of the company Having access to whole application through the online process. Client Group: Head of Department Lecturer Student Alumni Student Students guardian
The rights that are given to above users are given in table below: View Filter Modify Print Record Y Y Y Y Administrator Y Y Y Y HOD Y Y Y Y Lecturer Y Y N N Student Y Y N N Alumni Student Y Y N N Students 16 ME.CE. SEM-II(S/W Engg. & Meth.)
User creation Y N N N N N
College Portal Guardian 3.2 Hardware And Software Requirements Hardware Requirements The Online System that we have built requires some specific hardware configuration. I have mentioned the basic minimum hardware recommendations to run the system adequately. Any higher configuration hardware would only add to the performance of the system. The minimum hardware requirements to run the system properly are as under. Pentium 4 with 1.4 GHz processor 40 GB Hard Disk 512 DDR RAM Network Card / Network Connection
Software Requirements Server Side Operating System: Microsoft Windows(XP and onwards) Web Server: Internet Information Services (IIS) Server Database: MY SQL Client Side Operating System: Microsoft Windows XP Web Browser: Fire Fox Mozilla / Internet Explorer 5.0 Technology Used for Development: Front End Tool: ASP.Net with C#, AJAX Bac k End Tool: SQL Server 2000 Operating System: Windows Professional Edition with Service Pack
3.3 Constraints
A constraint is anything that prevents the system from achieving more of its goal. Hardware Limitation. 17 ME.CE. SEM-II(S/W Engg. & Meth.) Enrollment No: 110440702008
College Portal It requires minimum 256MB RAM to be loaded or run. It requires IIS to browse the application. Interfaces to Other Application. Since it is a standalone application it cannot be interfaced with other applications as such. Higher Order Language Requirements. Since the application has been created in JSP (Java Server Page) which is a successor of C/C++, it gets easily dissolved with any operating system since C/C++ constraints for all operating systems are the same. Reliability Requirements. Since the application is almost error- free, the reliability of the system is pretty high. Even in case of natural calamities or power failure or connection failure, the application is not affected as data remains secured in the corresponding database. Criticality of Application. Criticality of the application lies in the fact that when any field in any one of the six modules is empty then that particular record is not added or updated in the database. Even without proper name & password the administrator cannot access the application.
4. ESTIMATION
18 ME.CE. SEM-II(S/W Engg. & Meth.) Enrollment No: 110440702008
College Portal
4. ESTIMATION
4.1 Effort Estimation
Project Estimation proper evaluation of the system and to get the estimation of the project, it was needed to do some metrics calculation for this project. Software project metrics
College Portal are the way to do this task efficiently. Project metrics allow knowing the size and complexity of the project and helping us on the planning and cost estimation. For this project, function-oriented metrics were used to get the size of the project at the abstract level (without taking the language in consideration). For that purpose, Function Points (FP) was used. Function Points can be counted using the following information domains:
Number of external inputs (EIs) inputs given by a user or another system. Number of external outputs (EOs) outputs derived within the system or given to another system. Number of external inquiries (EQs) as an online input that results in generation of some immediate software response in the form of an on-line output. Number of internal logical files (ILFs) logical grouping of data that within the applications boundary and is maintained via external inputs. resides
Number of external interfaces files (EIFs) - logical grouping of data that resides external to the application but provides data that may be of use to the application.
Table 4.1 Information Domain Values Measurement Parameters Count Simple Average Complex Number of user inputs Number of user outputs Number of user inquiries Number of files Number of external interfaces Count=Total 4 4 5 20 4 X X X X X 3 4 3 7 5 4 5 4 10 7 6 7 6 15 10 = = = = =
Question 0 1. Does the system require reliable backup and recovery? 2. Are data communications required? 3. Are there distributed processing 20 ME.CE. SEM-II(S/W Engg. & Meth.)
College Portal functions? 4. Is performance critical? 5. Will the system run in an existing, heavily utilized operational environment? 6. Does the system require on-line data entry? 7. Does the on-line data entry require the input transaction to be built over multiple screens or operations? 8. Are the master file updated on-line? 9. Are the inputs, outputs, files, or inquiries complex? 10. Is the internal processing complex? 11. In the code designed to be reusable? 12. Are conversion and installation included in the design? 13. Is the system designed for multiple installations in different organizations? 14. Is the application designed to facilitate change and ease of use by the user? Total
36
Formula = count x [0.65+0.01 x SUM [fi]] The Function Point is: 286.84
Programming Language Assembly Language C COBOL Fortran Pascal Ada Object-Oriented Languages
Select
College Portal Fourth Generation Languages (4GLs) Code Generators Spreadsheets Graphical Languages (icons) LOC/FP = 50 Software Project LOC Effort Approx 15000 3.00 Rs 30000 20 15 6 4 Paper work 150 Errors 250 Defects People 29 3
Student Management and attendance 80000 Student Education forum and alumni
3.00
20000
90
200
25
UAW
College Portal
UUCP = UAW + UUCW 206 0-5 Value 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 11
Technical Factor distributed system performance requirements end user efficiency internal processing reusability of code installation ease usability requirements portability requirements changeability requirements Concurrency security requirements direct access to third party user training facility TF Technical complexity factor (TCF) 0.6 + 0.01 * TF Environmental complexity factor (EF) 1.4 0.03 * ENVF
0.71 1.34
195.9884
UUCW
0-5 Value 1 0
College Portal
OO experience lead analyst capabilities motivation stability of requirements part-time staff programming lang. difficulty ENVF 1 0.5 1 2 -1 -1 1 0 0 0 0 0 2
Person-Hours per AUCP Effort in Days AUCP * P-H / 7 Cost per Day in $
25 699.9585714 400
279983.43
5. SYSTEM ANALYSIS
24 ME.CE. SEM-II(S/W Engg. & Meth.) Enrollment No: 110440702008
College Portal
5. SYSTEM ANALYSIS
5.1 Study of Current System
In the past before site is organized following difficulties are coming towards user. First Look In current system clerks are doing paper work to maintain students records and employees records and that record may be frequently used in any terms, Like student records used to search any student or to update the student attendance day by day and employee records can be frequently used in this environment. 25 ME.CE. SEM-II(S/W Engg. & Meth.) Enrollment No: 110440702008
College Portal Second Look Generate the attendance report of class wise, student wise and subject wise. Manages the alumni student record in excel sheet and there is no facility about the student education form from where student can asked any question and share their knowledge towards the college environment. It is complicated to manage all the record through paper and not easy to search any particular record within less time But after developing this project its been easy to maintain and search students and employee records and to generate the attendance reports. Alumni student can easily get registered in to the alumni section and mail to be send
Workflow Oriented Requirements The system is designed to enable the users in performing day-to-day operations by prompting the tasks to be done. Instead of waiting for the users to perform the activities, system lists the activities for the user. Pro-Active Workflow of the System Already decided to do List Robustness& Security System provides for: Layered Security To Protect Unauthorized Access 26 ME.CE. SEM-II(S/W Engg. & Meth.) Enrollment No: 110440702008
College Portal Role Based Access Control (HOD, Admin, Lecturer and Student have diff access) Superior Technology for Faster and Secured Access
Friendly Features Some of the friendly features of this software are as follows: Towards Paperless College System Efficient Monitoring of Activities Automated Assessment Features To Eliminate Manual Scheduling Errors Promotes Effective Utilization of Resources Facility To Track Realization & Growth Tracking of Interest of People for the Upcoming Activities. Extendibility After implementing the whole system, if any type of suggestion and any new ideas are allowed. According to that it is possible to extend the system for more convenient. User Friendliness Some of the features that make the software user friendly are as follows: User friendly design Easy to access all the accessible modules.
5.4.1 Operational Feasibility Performance Our system provides adequate throughout and its response time is very quick. Because when any user sees the application for searching the data, it will search form the database and display the output. Information The system provides records to end users with timely, accurate and usefully formatted information. When any user or administrator wants the information about system, he or she will just log into system. And get their desire information. 27 ME.CE. SEM-II(S/W Engg. & Meth.) Enrollment No: 110440702008
College Portal
Economy No we are not jumping into economic feasibility. The question here is does the system offer adequate service level & capacity reduce the burden of manual work of the college. Efficiency Does the system make maximum use of available resources including Manual Work of Administrator, time, and flows of forums, minimum processing delays & the like? In the matter of efficiency, our system is totally computerized, so no need for any person to explain anything regarding our system, and its very easy to understand as well as operate. Each and every information is given very briefly and well known to user so user is able to do the work without any Administrators help. Here also only few persons are required for moderating and controlling the system, so with the help of very less human resource and manual work system will work. All the forms are well designed as well as developed so user can easily deal with system like every form is designed as per the lecturers requirements. 5.4.2 Technical Feasibility It is a measure of practically of a specific technical solution and the availability of technical resource and expertise. The analyst must find out whether current technical resources, which are available in the system is capable of handling the users requirements or not. If not, then the analyst with the help of developers should confirm whether the technology is available and capable or not. As per the availability of the technical resources we could make this project of student and attendance management.
College Portal The technology & software that we are going to use are available with us. The technology which we have used is easily available in the market today. Q-2 Do we have necessary technical expertise? Ans : Yes, We do have necessary technical expertise so that development would be compatible with the schedule. But certain kind of training is required for the particular technology but it will not make an adverse effect on the development schedule. Factor considering Here we have to consider those tools, which will be requiring for developing the project. The tools which are available and the tools, which will be required, have to take in account. As far as basic knowledge is concerned we have studied we have basic knowledge of C# and SQL server. Various technical books, e-books etc are available. Dealing with database is the main issues in our system. Using SQL server as backend provided this functionality. But we have used MY SQL.
5.4.3 Schedule Feasibility: Schedule feasibility corresponds to whether sufficient time is available to complete the project.
Factor considered Schedule of the project was around 3 months Time by which the project has to be completed. Reporting must be completed within this time period.
By considering all above factors it was decided that we have sufficient time and we decide to start the project. By marinating the schedule we were able to complete the project on time. 5.4.4 Economic Feasibility 29 ME.CE. SEM-II(S/W Engg. & Meth.) Enrollment No: 110440702008
College Portal
For declaring that the system is economically feasible, the benefits obtained from the system we have to be rated against the cost incurred to actually develop the system. The benefits must equal or below the cost for development. The basic resources to consider are: Management time. Time spent by the system analysis team. Cost of doing full system study. Estimated cost of hardware. Estimated cost of software and /or software development. The following are benefits that would be derived from the proposed system: The application is developed using C# and MYSQL server technology. Application does not increase hardware cost as minimal configuration required for developing code. In this way developing application does not generate any overhead costs. As this application has no overhead in development and installation but economically this application will be beneficial to maintain student records.
College Portal
College Portal
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College Portal
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College Portal 5.7.2 System Activity or Object Interaction Diagram Student Registration and Attendance
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User Validation
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Update Record
No
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STOP
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College Portal
student
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Answer the raised question Raise the question Fill project diary Information sharing College Resource planning
Online discussion with faculty Online discussion with Student or faculty Generate attendance report Update student attendance Generate timetable Apply for leave Update,insert,delete Student detail/record
Login
Report to admin for Invalid or fake information Action taken for invalide info Info.sharing employee
College Portal 5.8.2 Data Flow Diagram Student Registration, Attendance & Educational Forum
Check student record clerk Insert,update,delete Studenr record Employee master 1.1 Student management
att en Che da c nc k er ep ort
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Generate attendance report by given criteria lecturer Update student attendance 1.2 Student attendance
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I have used the above mentioned hardware specification in order to obtainoptimized performance.
College Portal
6. TESTING
College Portal
6. TESTING
Errors are more common, more pervasive and more troublesome in software than with other technologies Software Testing has a dual function; it is used to establish the presence of defects in program and it is used to help judge whether or not the program is usable in practice. Thus software testing is used for validation and verification, which ensure that software conforms to its specification and meets the need of the software customer. Developer resorted Alpha testing, which usually comes in after the basic design of the program has been completed. The project scientist will look over the program and give suggestions and ideas to improve or to correct the design. They also report and give ideas to get rid of around any major problems. There is bound to be a number of bugs after a program have been created. Software Inspection Analyze and check system representations such as the requirements document, design diagrams and the program source code. They may be applied at all stages of the process.
College Portal Tested Items Our tested items are like database object reading/writing, skin object manipulation, view of containers and skins in different browsers. Testing Schedule Developer has to test each procedure back-to-back so that errors and omissions can be found as early as possible. Once the system has been developed.
College Portal Human Factor Testing The user cannot do anything if after submitting the screen goes blank while the data are being processed. They may not take the action the analyst wanted or expects instead responding in unusual ways.
Data use analysis Variable used before initialization Variables declared but never used Variables assigned twice but never used between assignments Possible array bound violations Declared variables
Interface analysis Parameter type mismatches Parameter number mismatches Non-usage of the results of functions Uncalled functions and procedures
College Portal Storage management faults analysis Images not stored in resources Out of bound -> programs non-volatile memory. 6.3.2 Defect testing Defect testing intended to find inconsistencies between a program and its specification. These inconsistencies are usually due to program faults or defects. 6.3.3 White-box Testing White-box testing, often called glass-box testing, is a test case design method that uses the control structure of the procedural design to derive test cases. Using white-box testing methods, the software engineer can derive test cases that (1) Guarantee that all independent paths within a module have been exercised at least once, (2) Exercise all logical decisions on their true and false seeds, (3) Execute all loops at their boundaries and within their operational bounds, and (4) Exercise internal data structures to ensure their validity. 6.3.4 Black-box Testing
Input
Output
We have tested our functions of component to check the specification of our components. We selected input set to test the components like in query process we gave the different kinds of inputs to examine their output. We test software with sequence that have only a single value. We used different sequences of different sizes in different test. Derived tests so that the first, middle and last elements of the sequences and accessed to reveal the problems at partition boundaries. 48 ME.CE. SEM-II(S/W Engg. & Meth.) Enrollment No: 110440702008
College Portal Structural Testing We have done path testing to exercise every independent execution path through a component or program. If every independent execution path is executed then all statements in the components must have been executed at least once. Integration Testing After our individual modules were tested out we go to the integrated to create a complete system. This integration process involves building the system and testing the resultant system for problems that arise from component interactions. We have applied top-down strategy to validate high-level components of a system before design and implementation have been implemented. Because our development process started with high-level components and we worked down the component hierarchy. Performance Testing Performance testing is designed to test the runtime performance of the system within the context of the system. These tests were performed as module level as well as system level. Individual modules were tested for required performance. In performance testing we counted the processing time and response from the system with respect to request. We also checked out the total-execution time, which takes 10 to 15 seconds for loading.
Condition Testing Condition testing is the test case design method that exercise the conditions contained in a program module. If the condition is incorrect then, at least one component of the condition is incorrect. It may include Boolean variable error String index out of bound error Null pointer assignment Input output connection exception Parsing (conversion) errors Arithmetic expression error
College Portal Interface Testing Interface testing is integral part on Integration testing. Therefore we checked for Interface misuse Interface misunderstanding We examined the code to be tested and explicitly list each call to an external component. In the system, standard tests for GUIs have been performed, which are as follows:The position and related labels for all controls were checked. Name of the form is also given appropriately. All menu functions and sub functions were verified for correctness. Validations for all inputs were done. Each menu function was tested, whether it invokes the corresponding functionality properly. Pull down controls was verified for proper functionality. Whether the non-editable text control is disabling and it was also Verified that it doesnt exceed the maximum allowed length. Whether the system prompts the user with appropriate message as And when invalid information is entered.
Stress Testing Stress testing is to test the system for emergent properties such as performance and reliability. Performance tests have to be designed to ensure that the system can process its intended load. Object Testing Object testing is to test objects as individual components, which are often larger than single functions. Here following activities have taken place. Testing the individual operations associated with objects. Testing individual object classes. Testing clusters of object. Testing the object-oriented system.
College Portal
7. TEST CASES
College Portal
7. TESTCASES
It means executing an implementation of software with test data and examining the outputs of the software and its operational behavior to check that it is performing as required. There are different types of tests for verification of software.
7.1 Testing
It is intended to find inconsistencies between a program and its specification. These inconsistencies are usually due to program faults or defects. In order to perform defects test we have generates some test cases. The results of these tests are as following: We have tested each of the form in the system for its correct functioning. We have used test case based on equivalence partitioning in our project. Equivalence partitioning:
Valid input
System
Valid output
FIG 5.1
College Portal Equivalence partitioning is set of data where all of the set member should process in an equivalent way. Output equivalence partitions are program output that has common characteristics so can be considered as a distinct class. Using the program specification of user documentation may identify the equivalence partitioning and by the tester using experience to product which classes of input value are likely to detect error. Deriving equivalence partitioning from the system specification there are various testing cases that can also be used. These test cases are below: Test software with sequence that has only single value. Different sequence of different size in different tests. These decrease the chance that program with defect will accidentally produce a correct output because of some accidental characteristic of the input. Derive test so that the first, middle, and last element of the sequence are accessed this approach reveals problems at partition boundaries.
Purpose The purpose of the test cases is to test the various input and see the output produce any error or not. There are different test cases according to the system. It is tested with different types of value like single value multiple value and see it can generate expected output or no Required Input and Expected Result.
College Portal
College Portal Test Case No: Name: Description: 4 View all student records Here after logged into the system user can see the entire student records. Test Data Used: Student related data from the student_master tables from the database Expected Output: User should see the details of all the student after logged in to the system Actual Output: User can see the details of all the student after logged in to the system Pass/Fail? Pass Test Case No: Name: Description: 5 Only specific student record search Here after logged into the system user can see the any specific student details by only its authority. Test Data Used: Student related data specially student name from the student_master tables from the database Expected Output: User should see the details of the specific act after logged in to the system only by selecting only branch, sem and class Actual Output: User can easily see the details of the specific student after logged in to the system only by selecting branch, sem and class Pass/Fail? Pass Test Case No: Name: Description: 6 Student lab allocation Here after logged into the system user can see the any specific lab by only selecting branch, sem and class Test Data Used: Student related data specially student enrollment no from the student_master tables from the database Expected Output: User should see the specific module of the specific input given to the system after logged in to the system by selecting branch, sem, class and lab batch Actual Output: User should see the specific module of the specific input given to the system after logged in to the system by selecting branch, sem, class and lab batch Pass/Fail? Pass
College Portal Test Case No: Name: Description: 7 Combination of Name and Password Here after logged into the system user can see the any specific details of the specific Designation. Test Data Used: Act related data specially act name and password from the act related tables from the database Expected Output: User should see the details of the specific data of the specific act after logged in to the system by selecting act name and password. Actual Output: User can see the details of the specific data of the specific act after logged in to the system by selecting act name and password. Pass/Fail? Pass Test Case No: Name: Description: 8 Only by Surname search in student alumni Here after logged into the system user can search the student only by surname. Test Data Used: Related data specially search by surname from related tables from the database Expected Output: User should see the details of the specific surname after logged in to the system by selecting only surname. Actual Output: User cannot see the details of the specific rule after logged in to the system without entering surname. Error message is there by only selecting not the surname. Pass/Fail? Fail Test Case No: Name: Description: 9 Only Student Attendance search Here after logged into the system user can see the details of the attendance of different subject. Test Data Used: Related data of enrollment number ,search from tables from the database Expected Output: User should see the details of the specific data after logged in to the system by selecting only from date To date. Actual Output: User cannot see the details of the specific data after logged in to the system without selecting any subject name. Error message will be generate. Pass/Fail? Fail
College Portal Test Case No: Name: Description: 10 Student search his/her registration detail of its enrollment number and update specific detail. Here after logged into the system user can see the details of its registration.
Test Data Used: Related data find from related tables from the database Expected Output: User should see the details of the registration and update selected detail. Actual Output: User should see the details of the registration and update selected detail. Pass/Fail? Pass Test Case No: Name: Description: 11 Faculty wise student attendance search Here after logged into the system user can see the details of the attendance of different subject filled by faculty Test Data Used: Related data of enrollment number and attendance records from attendace_master tables from the database Expected Output: User should see the details of the specific data after logged in to the system by selecting only from date To date. Actual Output: User cannot see the details of the specific data after logged in to the system without selecting any subject name. Error message will be generate. Pass/Fail? Pass Test Case No: Name: Description: 12 Class wise student attendance search Here after logged into the system user can see the details of the attendance of different subject filled by faculty Test Data Used: Related data of enrollment number and attendance records from attendace_master tables from the database Expected Output: User should see the details of the specific data after logged in to the system by selecting only from date To date. Actual Output: User cannot see the details of the specific data after logged in to the system without selecting any subject name. Error message will be generate. Pass/Fail? Pass
College Portal Test Case No: Name: Description: 13 Average subject wise student attendance search Here after logged into the system user can see the details of the attendance of different subject filled by faculty Test Data Used: Related data of enrollment number and attendance records from attendace_master tables from the database Expected Output: User should see the details of the specific data after logged in to the system by selecting only from date To date. Actual Output: User cannot see the details of the specific data after logged in to the system without selecting any subject name. Error message will be generate. Pass/Fail? Pass Reliability of the System There are three approaches to reliability of the system. Error Avoidance Error Avoidance is impossible in any system, as it points to prevention of errors from occurring in system. In our system, we cannot prevent occurrence of errors because, if user does not call methods properly and does not input appropriate parameters, we are unable to avoid errors. Error Detection and Correction Error Detection corresponds to reorganization of errors when they are encountered. In the system, developer use alert message to prompt errors to users. We also use try-catch structure to prompt errors. Alert message shown to users are in well-understood forms. System prompts various error messages like file does not exist, whenever the user tries to open any other file instead of image file. However, system does not support correction of errors; it is user's responsibility to take appropriate action. Error Tolerance Error Tolerance refers to reorganization of errors when they occur, but enables system to keep running through degraded system. In system will never shutdown automatically due to errors, but it is possible that because of errors it may not work efficiently. For example, if invalid image is given then system will prompt error and it will not shut down. Furthermore, if user does not add image file, in that case, that layer is not displayed nor activated and any further operations are not done. 58 ME.CE. SEM-II(S/W Engg. & Meth.) Enrollment No: 110440702008
College Portal Finally theres only one amazing statement that means everything in itself Testing never ends, it just gets transmitted from you to your customer, every time your customer uses the software, and a test is being conducted
College Portal
8. SUMMARY
College Portal
8. SUMMARY
Our project wasto create a COLLEGE PORTAL which could be useful for college.This portal has many features such as good interactivity, ease of use, proper GUI, simple navigation, effective and accurate results and good security. The main objective is to build a system that assists the end user in finding aany type of record he wants provided he has proper authority. For this system, there are 4 types of users: they are Admin,Staff,Student and Guest users.
8.1Overview
This project aims to eliminate extra work that is associated with finding a company to develop a software project. Previously the customers had to make a field study about the software companies that would build their software product and have to perform a lot of paper work. Now they can simply post a software proposal and interested software companies bid on those software proposals. This way the interaction between the customers and development companies will become easy and simple. This is an online bidding system consisting of mainly three types of users: namely customers, software development companies and administrator. The project also allows software developers and customers to give feedback to each other for a particular project.This website helps the customers and software developers to interact easily and share information effectively in a secured manner. It works as a bridge between the customers and software developers.
College Portal
Team Overview The members of the team were: Madhu Shukla. Viral Parekh. Dipalee Rathod. Manisha Valera.
Team Structure Our team is a Democratic Decentralized (DD) team. Instead of having a team leader, each member in the team was responsible for some specific task. The decisions were made by conducting meetings and discussions. The team as a whole was accountable for the outcomes of its decisions and actions. All the members of the team performed some specific functions such as requirements gathering and reviews were done by all the team members while you can see the details of the tasks that each person performed from the task sheet. Advantages As our team structure was Democratic Decentralized (DD) we did not have any team leader. All the members took the decisions by reaching a consensus. No decision was forced on anyone and hence there no clashes for anything. There were no ego problems and the working in the team went off very smoothly. Everyone got equal opportunity to share and implement their ideas. No member of the team faced any problem working with others and everything went off very smoothly. Disadvantages The only problem we faced sometimes was staying on schedule. So if there was a team leader, then he would force us to finish the work on a specific date so that we do everything on time. Also sometimes we had a hard time to decide what we should do next and in what time, so this was an issue.
College Portal
Doing things differently We could have developed system with different suited model and as following centralized structure to comple it earlier than the time taken. Also it could be implemented on different environment than .NET to make it cost effective using OPEN SOURCE software. Process Overview We used Iterative Model. So With incremental yield is intended that all requirements to be fully described. Then the system iterative phases. The first definition phase study is performed once. Work is done in phases. And also increments of the product can be made with enhance features as time passes. Advantages Risks can be better managed by smaller pieces to be developed. Bottlenecks are so quick to light. Complex systems are clearer and less complex to implement it step by step to a comprehensive income working without the need of a complete design is created. At the end of each iteration, a useful product, even if the development is discontinued put. In a linear method would often never made use perch. Changes in organization can be quickly incorporated into the development process. Disadvantages There are obvious disadvantages. Some disadvantages: Because during the development process needs to be adapted and refined, it may be that the original purpose fades. It can happen that it continues to change and it never finished. This is called Scope Creep. Project managers who are accustomed to linear development can be confused by the strong dynamics. The rapid development has the potential to draw a bill on the organization and resources of the great dynamics. Inexperience with the way of working can lead to misunderstandings and disappointments. 63 ME.CE. SEM-II(S/W Engg. & Meth.) Enrollment No: 110440702008
College Portal Conclusion We used iterative model and hence we needed to develop the requirement on hand as a core product. Team structure used was Democratic Decentralized which again benefited us as member with expertise in different field leaded at different phase of time. Also further development can be made in the system it can be enhanced as well as can be converted as web based system. Future Implementation 1) Message service is most accentual services so it can be added in future for circular and other curriculum activities. 2) College Portal can be converted into a web based application for fully web based functionality. 3) It can be used in Online Examination also.
College Portal
College Portal