The Atlantic / Aspen Institute

American Values Survey

1
Survey Objectives
The study of What Americans Believe, conducted by Penn
Schoen Berland for The Aspen Ideas Festival in partnership
with The Atlantic and the Aspen Institute, provides a detailed
assessment of what Americans say their values are. From
death to taxes, the economy to politics, family, religion,
science, education, free speech and beyond, this survey of
2,000 Americans identifies the issues that divide us and the
ties that unite us as a nation.
2
Survey Methodology
From May 25, 2012 to June 6, 2012, Penn Schoen Berland conducted 2,006 interviews
with the adult general population of the United States. Of the 2,006 interviews
completed, 1,006 interviews were conducted by phone and 1,000 interviews were
conducted online.
The data presented in this study are reflective of U.S. Census Bureau demographic
statistics in terms of gender, age, ethnicity, income, education, and region.
3
Sample Size Margin of Error
General Population (All), including: 2,006 2.19%
Male 963 3.16%
Female 1,043 3.03%
Age 18-29 441 4.67%
Age 30-44 542 4.21%
Age 45-64 682 3.75%
Age 65+ 341 5.31%
Democrats 622 3.93%
Republicans 542 4.21%
Independents 782 3.50%
Northeast 361 5.16%
Midwest 441 4.67%
South 722 3.65%
West 481 4.47%
Our values in decline Our values in decline Our values in decline Our values in decline
4
32%
31%
27%
33%
62%
64%
65%
63%
6%
5%
8%
4%
Right direction Wrong direction Don't Know
Two thirds think the country is heading in the
wrong direction
Showing All
All
Gender Age Political Affiliation Region
M F 18-29 30-44 45-64 65+ D R I NE MW S W
Right direction 33 35 31 37 32 33 28 55 10 32 35 32 32 32
Wrong direction 63 61 65 59 64 64 65 41 88 64 62 61 66 62
Dont know 4 4 4 4 4 4 6 4 3 4 2 7 2 5
Generally speaking, would you say things in this country are heading in the right
direction or in the wrong direction?
2012
2011; Rasmussen
2010; Rasmussen
2009; Rasmussen
5
7 in 10 think peoples values have been getting
worse in America
Showing All
All
Gender Age Political Affiliation Region
M F 18-29 30-44 45-64 65+ D R I NE MW S W
Getting better 9 10 8 15 7 7 8 11 6 10 10 8 8 9
Getting worse 70 68 71 66 71 71 71 62 82 67 69 69 70 71
Staying the same 21 21 20 19 21 21 20 27 12 22 20 22 21 19
Dont know 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 1
Would you say that peoples values in America have been getting better, getting
worse, or staying about the same over the past 10 years?
9% 21% 70% 1%
Getting better Staying the same Getting worse Don't know
6
A majority think their generation is worse off than
their parents generation
Showing All
All
Gender Age Political Affiliation Region
M F 18-29 30-44 45-64 65+ D R I NE MW S W
Better 34 37 31 26 26 36 53 41 29 31 33 35 37 29
Same 14 14 14 16 17 12 11 14 13 15 11 13 14 17
Worse 51 47 54 57 56 51 34 43 58 52 55 51 48 52
Dont know 1 1 2 1 1 2 2 1 0 2 1 1 2 2
Are people in your generation better off or worse off than people in your parents
generation?
34% 14% 51% 1%
Better Same Worse Don't know
7
Showing All
17% 12% 69% 1%
Stronger Stayed the same Weaker Don't know
Most think American values have declined
since the 1970s
8
Do you think that American values have strengthened, declined, or stayed about the
same since the 1970s?
Most think American values have declined since
the 1940s
Showing All
All
Gender Age Political Affiliation Region
M F 18-29 30-44 45-64 65+ D R I NE MW S W
Stronger 17 18 15 23 11 15 19 24 5 19 16 16 16 18
Weaker 68 67 70 60 71 72 67 59 87 63 68 69 71 65
Stayed about the same 13 12 13 14 15 10 11 16 6 14 14 12 12 12
Dont know 3 3 2 3 2 2 3 2 2 4 1 3 1 5
Do you think that American values have strengthened, declined, or stayed about the
same since the 1940s?
17% 13% 68% 3%
Stronger Stayed the same Weaker Don't know
9
Nearly half expect American values to weaken over the
next decade
Showing All
All
Gender Age Political Affiliation Region
M F 18-29 30-44 45-64 65+ D R I NE MW S W
Stronger 23 24 22 29 18 21 28 29 16 23 24 22 23 23
Weaker 46 47 45 46 54 45 35 37 57 46 43 50 46 43
Stay the same 29 26 31 23 27 31 33 32 24 29 31 26 28 30
Dont know 2 3 2 1 1 3 3 2 4 2 2 1 3 3
Do you think American values will grow stronger, weaker, or stay about the same
over the next ten years?
23% 29% 46% 2%
Stronger Staying the same Weaker Don't know
10
Over half say they are more open and tolerant than
their parents
How are your values different from your parents? Please indicate all that apply.
7%
3%
21%
22%
25%
29%
31%
33%
53%
62%
None of the above
Other
Im more religious
Im more socially conservative
Im more conservative in my political views
Im less religious
Im more liberal in my political views
Im more socially liberal
Im more tolerant of other people or cultures
Im more open to new ideas
Showing All
11
Over half say they are more open and tolerant
than their parents
Younger Americans are less likely to say theyre more conservative or more religious than
their parents
How are your values
different from your parents?
Please indicate all that
apply.
All
Gender Age
Political
Affiliation
Region
M F
18-
29
30-
44
45-
64
65+ D R I NE MW S W
Im more open to new ideas 62 60 64 61 62 60 65 66 53 64 65 60 61 63
Im more tolerant of other people or
cultures
53 52 54 57 51 50 59 58 46 54 48 55 53 56
Im more socially liberal 33 33 33 36 32 32 35 46 19 33 38 29 33 35
Im more liberal in my political views 31 31 30 34 28 31 29 45 18 27 34 26 30 33
Im less religious 29 32 26 34 34 26 20 32 20 32 31 25 24 37
Im more conservative in my political
views
25 30 21 15 22 28 40 18 38 23 21 25 30 23
Im more socially conservative 22 23 21 16 19 24 31 18 30 20 17 20 24 24
Im more religious 21 20 21 11 16 24 34 18 25 20 15 23 25 16
Other 3 4 2 1 4 3 4 1 3 5 3 5 3 2
None of the above 7 7 8 7 9 8 3 6 11 6 7 7 7 8
12
40%
39%
37%
32%
26%
29%
30%
21%
15%
13%
9%
57%
60%
61%
64%
69%
69%
69%
78%
83%
84%
90%
Having a child out of wedlock
Pre-marital sex
Gambling
Capital punishment
Stem cell research
Divorce
An unmarried man and woman living together
Sex education in public schools
Interracial marriage
Using contraception
A woman with children working outside the home
Morally acceptable Morally objectionable
Well documented changes on social tolerance
13
Showing All
Please indicate whether each of the following is morally acceptable or
morally objectionable.
89%
89%
85%
79%
77%
60%
58%
56%
57%
52%
45%
10%
11%
14%
18%
22%
37%
38%
41%
41%
47%
53%
Athletes using performance enhancing drugs
Using illegal drugs (other than marijuana)
Underage drinking
Cloning designed to result in the birth of a human
being
Prostitution
Doctor-assisted suicide
Censoring explicit books or media
Smoking marijuana
Abortion
Adults viewing pornography
Homosexuality
Morally acceptable Morally objectionable
Homosexuality is now morally acceptable to a
majority while pornography and drug usage are not
14
Showing All
Please indicate whether each of the following is morally acceptable or
morally objectionable.
Most Americans and especially younger
generations accept alternative lifestyles
15
Please indicate whether each of the following is morally acceptable or
morally objectionable.
76%
62%
52% 52%
45%
36%
21%
36%
An unmarried man and
woman living together
Homosexuality Smoking marijuana Abortion
% Morally Acceptable
18-29 65+
57% 39%
Majority prefer Americans have a broad range of
values
Showing All
Its important that
there be a broad
range of values
represented in
America, because
it causes us to
reevaluate our
own values and
leads to societal
progress
America would be
better if we all
shared the same
fundamental
values, since
there would be
more
compromises and
less social
conflict
Which of the following is closer to your view?
All
Gender Age Political Affiliation Region
M F 18-29 30-44 45-64 65+ D R I NE MW S W
Broad range of values
represented in America
57 57 58 66 60 56 47 65 46 59 60 55 54 63
Shared the same
fundamental values
39 40 39 33 39 42 43 32 48 39 38 41 41 35
Dont know 3 4 3 1 1 3 10 3 5 2 1 4 4 2
16
Core American Values Core American Values Core American Values Core American Values
17
6%
14%
20% 19%
13%
17%
30%
21%
31%
33%
24% 23%
25% 26%
20%
33%
37% 40%
32%
33%
31%
31%
26%
24%
24%
17%
16%
16%
73%
46%
33%
31%
45%
39%
20%
25%
20%
11%
20%
14%
8% 6%
1%
6%
8% 8% 9% 10%
19%
21% 22%
31% 31%
44% 43%
48%
Only a litte A fair amount A great deal None at all
Showing All
Family
When you think of how we learn what "right and wrong" means,
how much of an influence would you say the following sources
had or continue to have on developing your beliefs?
18
The schools
you attended
K through 12
Friends
Higher
education
Books
Religious
teachings
News
media
Television
and movies
Religious
leaders
Political
leaders
Social media
& the internet
Celebrities &
professional
athletes
Political
satirists
Political
commentators
Family and K-12 education have the greatest
influence on our values
Obama, Clinton best represent American
values today
19
Whom do you think best represents American values today?
Showing All
Core American values of freedom are
reaffirmed
20
Which, if any, of these factors do you think contributes to America having stronger
values than other places in the world? Please tell me all that apply.
6%
2%
37%
39%
40%
42%
44%
44%
46%
50%
50%
50%
61%
67%
None of the above
Other
The influence of many religions
Americas influence in the world
Christian heritage
Being a melting pot / immigrant nation
Upward mobility/ability to pull oneself up by bootstraps
Our form of government
Americas ability to change and adapt
The system laid out in our Constitution
Principles of equality
Free enterprise system
Freedom of religion
Freedom of speech
Showing All
Freedom of speech and religion contribute to our
stronger values
Which, if any, of these
factors do you think
contributes to America
having stronger values than
other places in the world?
Please tell me all that apply.
All
Gender Age
Political
Affiliation
Region
M F
18-
29
30-
44
45-
64
65+ D R I NE MW S W
Freedom of speech 67 67 67 64 64 68 74 67 65 69 65 67 68 67
Freedom of religion 61 60 62 55 56 62 75 59 66 59 56 63 62 62
Free enterprise system 50 53 47 36 47 55 61 48 55 48 45 44 54 52
Principles of equality 50 52 49 46 50 52 55 52 50 49 49 45 55 49
The system laid out in our
Constitution
50 55 46 39 46 54 63 44 59 49 43 47 54 54
Americas ability to change and
adapt
46 48 45 43 41 48 54 47 45 46 45 43 48 47
Our form of government 44 46 41 37 41 44 54 43 48 40 43 40 48 40
Upward mobility / the ability to pull
oneself up by the bootstraps
44 46 41 38 43 44 52 43 47 42 35 41 47 48
Being a melting pot / immigrant
nation
42 45 40 38 43 45 42 46 38 42 42 41 41 45
Christian heritage 40 40 40 30 38 44 51 31 55 37 32 40 47 37
Americas influence in the world 39 39 38 35 39 39 43 41 39 36 38 32 41 42
The influence of many religions 37 37 38 34 35 37 46 39 33 38 36 38 37 39
Other 2 3 1 1 2 2 2 2 1 3 2 3 2 1
None of the above 6 5 6 4 9 6 1 5 5 7 6 6 6 5
21
Younger generations differ on importance of
free enterprise system
22
36%
47%
55%
61%
18-29 30-44 45-64 65+
% say free enterprise system contributes to strong
American values
Which, if any, of these factors do you think contributes to America having stronger
values than other places in the world? Please tell me all that apply.
Freedom of speech primarily extended to
voting and freedom of information
23
Which of the following do you think should be protected by the freedom of speech?
Please indicate all that apply.
9%
2%
18%
19%
27%
27%
31%
31%
37%
46%
48%
64%
70%
None of the above
Other
Slander (false speech intended to harm another person)
"Fighting words," or speech intended to incite crime
Flag-burning
Hate speech (religious, racial, sexual orientation, etc)
Release of information pertaining to national security
Viewing pornography
Donating money on political campaigns
Freedom from internet censorship
Commercial speech, such as advertising
Freedom of information
Voting
Showing All
Freedom of speech by sub-group
Which of the following do
you think should be
protected by the freedom of
speech? Please indicate all
that apply.
All
Gender Age
Political
Affiliation
Region
M F
18-
29
30-
44
45-
64
65+ D R I NE MW S W
Voting 70 71 69 69 71 70 70 71 70 68 68 73 66 74
Freedom of information 64 63 65 61 66 66 59 67 60 65 66 62 63 66
Commercial speech, such as
advertising
48 47 48 53 45 47 45 48 48 47 47 51 49 44
Freedom from internet censorship 46 52 41 51 49 44 40 51 43 45 47 46 47 45
Donating money on political
campaigns
37 38 37 33 40 38 35 34 42 36 36 34 39 38
Viewing pornography 31 39 23 35 35 27 26 32 24 33 34 36 26 30
Release of information pertaining to
national security
31 30 31 28 32 31 31 34 25 32 27 29 33 31
Hate speech (religious, racial,
sexual orientation, etc.)
27 29 25 26 29 25 28 23 25 30 27 24 28 26
Flag-burning 27 30 24 24 32 27 22 27 22 30 24 30 26 28
Fighting words," or speech intended
to incite crime
19 19 20 21 22 16 21 20 17 20 20 15 21 21
Slander (false speech intended to
harm another person)
18 20 16 18 17 18 20 17 17 19 19 17 19 17
Other 2 2 2 0 1 3 2 1 2 2 2 2 2 1
None of the above 9 9 8 6 8 10 10 7 9 10 10 8 10 6
24
56% 43%
Over half think freedom of speech should apply to
offensive language
Showing All
Americans should
have the right to
say, write, or
otherwise
demonstrate what
they believe, even
if it is deeply
offensive to most
people
The freedom of
speech should
not apply to
deeply offensive
language
Which of the following is closer to your view?
All
Gender Age Political Affiliation Region
M F 18-29 30-44 45-64 65+ D R I NE MW S W
Americans should have
the right to say, write,
or otherwise
demonstrate what they
believe, even if it is
deeply offensive to
most people
56 58 53 59 63 54 43 55 53 57 50 52 58 59
The freedom of speech
should not apply to
deeply offensive
language
43 40 46 41 36 45 53 43 46 41 49 46 41 38
Dont know 2 2 2 1 1 1 4 2 1 2 1 2 1 2
25
20% 77%
Only 20% believe that people are generally
altruistic
Showing All
That people are
generally
altruistic
That people are
generally
motivated by self
interest
All
Gender Age
Political
Affiliation
Region Income Race
M F
18-
29
30-
44
45-
64
65+ D R I NE MW S W
<
35k
35k-
75k
75k+
Whit
e
Blac
k
Hisp
anic
That people are
generally altruistic
20 19 21 19 17 19 31 23 20 19 21 22 19 19 21 19 22 22 21 13
That people are
generally motivated by
self interest
77 78 76 80 82 78 65 76 79 77 76 74 78 79 77 78 76 76 78 81
Don't know 3 3 2 1 2 3 5 2 2 4 3 4 3 1 2 3 2 2 1 6
Which of the following is closer to your view?
26
Political corruption, focus on money and declining
family values weakens American values
27
Which, if any, of these factors do you think contributes to America having weaker
values than other places in the world? Please tell me all that apply.
3%
3%
30%
43%
47%
47%
53%
55%
55%
57%
61%
61%
61%
63%
None of the above
Other
Openness to accepting alternate lifestyles
Power of Wall Street
Too much political correctness
Apathy / lack of strong work ethic
Lack of strong moral leaders / role models
Use of drugs and alcohol
Scandals by public officials
Celebrity-obsessed culture
Declining family values
Too much focus on money / material things
Influence of money in politics
Political corruption
Showing All
Political corruption weakens American values
Which, if any, of these
factors do you think
contributes to America
having weaker values than
other places in the world?
Please tell me all that apply.
All
Gender Age
Political
Affiliation
Region
M F
18-
29
30-
44
45-
64
65+ D R I NE MW S W
Political corruption 63 64 62 57 61 66 67 59 63 66 61 66 61 64
Influence of money in politics 61 62 59 53 60 60 71 58 60 63 59 62 61 60
Too much focus on money / material
things
61 58 63 65 57 59 63 62 55 62 60 59 61 62
Declining family values 61 60 63 52 62 64 65 51 74 60 58 62 64 59
Celebrity-obsessed culture 57 57 57 58 58 57 52 53 62 56 58 55 57 59
Scandals by public officials 55 55 56 49 52 58 63 50 60 55 52 57 57 53
Use of drugs and alcohol 55 54 55 46 51 57 67 53 61 51 55 54 54 56
Lack of strong moral leaders / role
models
53 55 51 44 53 55 62 44 65 52 49 54 56 51
Apathy / lack of strong work ethic 47 48 47 41 46 53 46 40 54 47 47 46 49 45
Too much political correctness 47 52 43 37 45 49 58 40 55 47 42 48 47 50
Power of Wall Street 43 47 40 43 40 43 49 46 34 45 46 44 40 44
Openness to accepting alternate
lifestyles
30 30 29 23 27 33 35 24 40 27 25 30 33 27
Other 3 4 2 2 4 4 3 3 4 3 4 2 3 3
None of the above 3 4 3 3 5 4 2 4 3 4 2 4 3 5
28
68% think the media has a negative impact on
American values
All
Gender Age Political Affiliation Region
M F 18-29 30-44 45-64 65+ D R I NE MW S W
Positive 18 18 17 15 13 17 33 24 17 14 21 15 19 16
Negative 68 68 68 72 73 67 55 63 74 67 66 71 64 71
No impact 12 12 12 11 14 14 7 10 9 17 11 12 13 12
Don't know 2 1 3 1 0 3 5 3 1 2 2 1 3 1
Do you think the media has a positive, negative, or no impact on American values?
18% 12% 68% 2%
Positive No impact Negative Don't know
Showing All
29
36% 28% 33% 4%
Stronger About the same Weaker Don't know
Americans are split on whether our values are
stronger or weaker than the rest of the world
Showing All
All
Gender Age Political Affiliation Region
M F 18-29 30-44 45-64 65+ D R I NE MW S W
TOTAL STRONGER 36 37 35 31 31 36 48 37 40 30 35 33 37 35
Much stronger 12 12 12 10 10 11 18 14 12 9 10 8 13 14
Somewhat stronger 24 25 23 21 21 25 30 23 28 21 25 25 24 21
About the same 28 25 31 32 34 26 19 27 24 33 30 26 28 30
TOTAL WEAKER 33 34 32 36 34 34 22 33 34 31 32 37 31 32
Somewhat weaker 23 22 24 26 23 24 17 23 24 22 25 26 21 22
Much weaker 10 12 8 10 11 10 5 10 10 9 7 11 10 10
Dont know 4 4 3 2 1 4 10 3 3 5 3 4 4 3
Do you think that American values in general are stronger, weaker, or about the same
as in the rest of the world?
30
Half think America should not concern itself with
values of other countries
Showing All
All
Gender Age Political Affiliation Region
M F 18-29 30-44 45-64 65+ D R I NE MW S W
Spread our values 15 13 17 8 18 13 25 15 19 13 12 13 20 13
Try to learn from the
values of other countries
31 34 29 45 34 26 20 36 23 32 31 28 30 37
Neither 51 51 51 46 47 59 50 46 55 53 55 56 49 47
Dont know 2 1 3 1 1 2 5 2 2 2 2 4 1 2
Which of the following is closer to your view?
15%
31%
51%
America should focus on trying to
spread our values to other
countries around the world
America should try to learn from the
values of other countries around
the world
Neither America has its own
values and should not concern
itself with the values of other
countries
31
American values are most similar to those of the
U.K., France
4%
2% 3% 4%
2% 3% 3% 2%
7%
4% 3%
64%
24%
39%
15%
11%
14%
34%
5%
25%
9%
5%
33%
73%
57%
81%
87%
83%
62%
93%
68%
88%
92%
Different Similar Don't know
Showing All
India
Israel
Egypt
Russia
North
Korea
China
Mexico
United
Kingdom
How similar or different do you think American values are from those of
the following countries?
France
Iran
Brazil
32
Nearly 9 in 10 think the U.S. should focus on
domestic issues rather than international issues
Showing All
In your opinion, what is more important for the United States to focus on in the next
decade?
83%
88%
12%
10%
5%
2%
Domestic issues International affairs Don't Know
2012
2011
All
Gender Age Political Affiliation Region
M F 18-29 30-44 45-64 65+ D R I NE MW S W
Domestic issues 88 87 89 85 92 89 83 87 91 86 88 91 85 89
International issues 10 10 9 14 7 9 11 10 7 11 10 6 12 9
Dont know 2 3 2 1 1 2 6 2 2 2 2 2 3 1
33
Showing All
Family values Family values Family values Family values
34
2%
2%
1%
2%
3%
17%
31%
41%
None of the above
Other
Political values
Values about beauty and art
Ethnic or cultural values
Religious values
Moral values
Family values
Family and moral values are the most
important in Americans' lives
35
Showing All
Which of the following types of values do you consider to be most
important in your life?
All
Gender Age Political Affiliation Region Parent
M F 18-29 30-44 45-64 65+ D R I NE MW S W Yes No
Family values 41 41 42 41 46 37 42 42 35 45 44 41 40 42 47 38
Moral values 31 29 34 30 30 33 32 32 31 32 35 29 31 31 27 34
Religious values 17 17 16 13 13 21 19 12 27 13 10 18 21 14 17 16
Ethnic or cultural values 3 4 3 5 3 3 3 6 2 3 5 5 2 3 2 4
Values about beauty and art 2 2 1 6 1 1 0 2 1 2 1 2 1 3 2 2
Political values 1 2 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 2 1 1
Other 2 2 1 1 2 1 2 2 1 2 3 1 1 2 1 2
None of the above 2 2 2 2 3 2 0 2 1 2 1 1 2 3 2 1
Don't know 1 2 1 0 2 1 1 0 0 1 1 2 1 0 1 1
Two thirds lament the loss of traditional
family life, calling its loss damaging to society
36
All
Gender Age Political Affiliation Region Parent
M F 18-29 30-44 45-64 65+ D R I NE MW S W Yes No
Positive 11 11 12 13 10 11 12 13 8 13 9 11 10 15 12 11
Negative 64 62 66 56 64 66 72 60 79 57 59 67 66 61 61 65
No impact 24 25 23 31 26 21 14 27 12 30 31 21 22 23 26 22
Don't know 1 2 0 0 0 2 2 1 1 1 1 0 2 1 1 1
The percentage of traditional families (with a married husband, wife, and potentially
children living together) among Americans has declined significantly over the past
several years. Do you think this has a positive, negative, or no particular impact on
American society?
11% 24% 64% 1%
Positive No impact Negative Don't know
Showing All
8 in 10 parents think it is tougher to be a
parent today
All
Gender Age Political Affiliation Region
M F 18-29 30-44 45-64 D R I NE MW S W
Yes 81 76 86 74 80 88 79 87 79 78 82 83 80
No 17 22 12 23 18 9 19 11 18 20 15 15 18
Don't know 2 2 2 3 2 2 2 1 3 2 2 2 2
IF PARENT: Is it tougher to be a parent today than it was for your parents?
81% 17% 2%
Yes No Don't know
Showing All; N= 729
37
38
say they are not able to spend as
much time with their children as
they want to.
39% of Parents
49% of Dads
&
51% of
Americans
Believe children can grow up to be
successful even if they spend a majority
of their developmental years in day care
or other child-care services.
Parents want more time with their kids but
daycare does not hinder success
39% of parents, and half of dads, want
to spend more time with their children
39
All
Gender Age
Political
Affiliation
Region Income Race
M F
18-
29
30-
44
45-
64
65+ D R I NE MW S W
<35
K
35k-
75k
75k+ White Black
Hispa
nic
Yes 59 48 69 68 51 63 97 63 55 60 58 64 59 56 64 62 54 60 63 57
No 39 49 30 25 49 36 3 34 45 37 42 35 40 38 34 36 44 39 35 39
Don't know 2 3 1 7 0 1 0 3 0 2 0 0 2 6 1 2 2 1 1 4
IF PARENT: Are you able to spend as much time with your children as you want to?
59% 39% 2%
Yes No Don't know
Showing All; N= 729
One-third of parents say their child has been a
target of bullying
All
Gender Age Political Affiliation Region
M F 18-29 30-44 45-64 65+ D R I NE MW S W
Yes 33 27 38 24 40 30 11 35 29 33 33 39 33 26
No 66 71 62 71 60 70 89 63 70 66 67 61 66 70
Don't know 1 2 1 5 1 0 0 2 1 1 0 0 1 4
IF PARENT: Has your child ever been a target of bullying?
33% 66% 1%
Yes No Don't know
Showing All; N= 729
40
22% 76%
76% of parents are focused on their childrens
future success
41
Showing All; N= 729
Making sure my
child is happy
now
Preparing my
child for success
in the future
All
Gender Age Political Affiliation Region
M F 18-29 30-44 45-64 65+ D R I NE MW S W
Making sure my child is
happy now
22 21 23 29 18 20 65 24 18 24 24 21 23 20
Preparing my child for
success in the future
76 76 75 71 79 75 35 75 78 75 73 79 74 76
Don't know 2 3 2 0 2 4 0 1 4 1 3 0 3 4
IF PARENT: Which of the following is more important to you?
Education system is an American value and should
prepare students for success and hard work
42
Which of these do you think should be the primary goal of public schools in America?
3%
4%
6%
12%
18%
26%
27%
Other
Helping students live happy lives
Helping students get into the best colleges
Preparing students to be active, engaged citizens
Instilling students with the most academic
knowledge
Preparing students for successful careers
Instilling students with the values of dedication
and hard work
Showing All
Believe that the public education system is a central
American value 82%
Of parents are more focused on preparing their children for
success in the future than making sure their child is happy now 76%
Primary goal of public schools by sub-group
Which of these do you think should be the
primary goal of public schools in America? All
Gender Age
Political
Affiliation
Region
M F
18-
29
30-
44
45-
64
65+ D R I NE MW S W
Instilling students with the values of dedication
and hard work
27 27 27 24 26 29 30 23 32 28 27 25 31 24
Preparing students for successful careers 26 29 24 29 27 26 23 28 21 29 23 25 25 32
Instilling students with the most academic
knowledge
18 19 18 19 20 18 15 18 21 17 21 24 17 13
Preparing students to be active, engaged
citizens
12 9 14 9 13 13 11 14 11 10 15 13 9 10
Helping students get into the best colleges 6 6 7 9 6 6 6 7 8 5 5 5 7 8
Helping students live happy lives 4 4 4 8 3 2 4 4 3 5 4 2 4 7
Other 3 4 3 0 2 4 8 2 2 6 3 3 5 2
None of the above 1 1 2 1 2 1 0 2 1 1 1 1 1 3
Don't know 1 1 0 0 0 1 4 2 0 0 0 3 0 0
43
82% 15%
8 in 10 think public education is a central
American value
44
Showing All
The public
education system
is a central
American value
that ensures an
opportunity for
success for all
Americans
Public education
is not an
American value,
and is not
necessary to
ensure Americans
have an
opportunity for
success
All
Gender Age Political Affiliation Region Parent
M F
18-
29
30-
44
45-
64
65+ D R I NE MW S W Yes No
The public education
system is a central
American value
82 81 83 79 80 86 82 86 80 80 84 80 83 82 82 82
Public education is not an
American value
15 15 15 16 17 13 13 13 17 15 16 13 15 16 16 14
Don't know 3 4 2 5 3 1 5 2 2 5 0 7 3 2 1 4
Which of the following is closer to your view?
3%
17%
45%
22%
10%
3%
A B C D FAIL Don't
know
Americans perceive public schools in their
district to be better than schools nationally
45
What grade would you give the public schools in the nation as a whole / in
your district? A, B, C, D, or FAIL?
11%
33%
30%
13%
11%
2%
A B C D FAIL Don't
know
Grade for public schools nationally
C
Grade for public schools in your district
B
13%
3%
13%
47%
22%
2%
3%
10%
22%
45%
17%
3%
Don't know
FAIL
D
C
B
A
2012
2002
Almost half give our public schools a C
grade
46
Showing All
2002; Gallup
And what about the public schools in the nation as a whole? What grade
would you give the public schools nationally A, B, C, D, or FAIL?
All
Gender Age Political Affiliation Region Income
M F
18-
29
30-
44
45-
64
65+ D R I NE MW S W < 35k
35k-
75k
75k+
A 3 6 2 8 0 3 4 4 4 2 3 3 2 5 5 5 1
B 17 15 19 20 20 15 15 20 14 17 14 21 19 15 22 15 15
C 45 47 42 40 47 47 41 49 44 43 51 41 44 44 40 41 55
D 22 18 25 21 21 24 20 18 24 24 22 18 24 21 24 23 22
FAIL 10 13 8 10 11 10 12 7 13 11 7 12 9 13 6 14 7
Don't know 3 1 4 2 0 2 9 2 1 3 2 4 2 2 3 2 1
6%
3%
10%
34%
37%
10%
2%
11%
13%
30%
33%
11%
Don't know
FAIL
D
C
B
A
2012
2002
B is most common grade for local public
schools
47
Showing All
2002; Gallup
Using the scale of A, B, C, D, or FAIL, what grade would you give the
public schools in your district?
All
Gender Age Political Affiliation Region Income
M F
18-
29
30-
44
45-
64
65+ D R I NE MW S W
<
35k
35k-
75k
75k+
A 11 11 12 10 10 13 13 10 16 8 12 15 14 4 10 11 14
B 33 30 35 33 37 29 32 36 30 32 46 33 28 29 31 28 38
C 30 34 27 32 28 32 28 29 28 33 27 26 33 32 31 32 31
D 13 13 13 13 11 15 12 12 13 15 7 14 13 18 15 15 10
FAIL 11 10 11 11 13 9 9 11 10 10 7 11 10 14 11 13 6
Don't know 2 2 2 1 1 1 5 2 2 1 2 2 1 3 1 2 2
51% 45%
Half think children can be successful even if they
spend their developmental years in day care
48
Showing All
Children can grow
up to be
successful even if
they spend a
majority of their
developmental
years in day care
or other child-
care services
Children can only
grow up to be
successful if they
spend a majority
of their
developmental
years being cared
for by a parent
All
Gender Age Political Affiliation Region
M F 18-29 30-44 45-64 65+ D R I NE MW S W
Majority of their
developmental years in day
care or other child-care
services
51 48 53 54 52 50 44 56 46 51 53 56 50 46
Majority of their
developmental years being
cared for by a parent
45 48 42 46 44 45 46 40 51 44 43 40 47 49
Don't know 4 3 5 0 4 5 9 4 3 5 4 4 4 5
Which of the following is closer to your view?
Majority think it is better for both members of
a household to work
49
All
Gender Age Political Affiliation Region Income Parent
M F
18-
29
30-
44
45-
64
65+ D R I NE MW S W < 35k
35k
75k
75k+ Yes No
Both 67 67 67 78 63 66 58 75 60 65 70 65 68 63 77 58 66 59 72
Only one 31 31 30 21 36 30 37 23 37 32 29 32 29 33 21 38 31 39 25
Don't know 3 2 3 1 2 4 5 2 2 3 1 4 2 4 2 4 3 2 3
Do you think it is better for both members of a household to work in paying jobs, or
is it better when only one spouse works?
67%
31%
3%
Both
Only one
Don't know
Showing All
Our values in healthcare and Our values in healthcare and Our values in healthcare and Our values in healthcare and
science science science science
50
69% say ensuring access to healthcare is the
responsibility of the government
51
29%
31% 31%
51%
53%
59%
71%
69% 68%
47% 46%
40%
No Yes
Access to
healthcare
coverage
Do you think it is the responsibility of the government to make sure that
all Americans have...?
A home to live in
Enough food
A college
education
A high school
education
A job
Showing All
Responsibility of the government by sub-
group
Younger Americans demonstrate far stronger support for government
involvement in healthcare
Do you think it is the
responsibility of the
government to make sure
that all Americans have...?
Showing % Yes
All
Gender Age
Political
Affiliation
Region
M F
18-
29
30-
44
45-
64
65+ D R I NE MW S W
Enough food 71 65 75 82 69 69 60 86 47 74 81 69 64 74
Access to healthcare coverage 69 67 70 81 70 66 55 90 42 69 75 69 61 74
A high school education 68 65 71 76 68 65 66 83 51 69 77 62 62 77
A home to live in 47 45 50 62 42 48 37 64 27 48 57 45 43 48
A job 46 42 51 61 40 42 45 60 30 47 46 49 42 51
A college education 40 37 42 57 36 36 34 53 24 40 35 41 40 44
52
76%
26%
55%
Democrats Republicans Independents
% say the government should exert more influence over Americas
healthcare system
54% 44%
54% say the government should exert more
influence over healthcare system
53
The government
should exert more
influence over
Americas
healthcare
system, in an
attempt to lower
costs and provide
healthcare
coverage for all
Americans
The government
should reduce the
amount of
influence it has
over Americas
healthcare
system, because
a more free-
market system
will bring costs
down
Which of the following is closer to your view?
Showing All
77% 20%
3 in 4 say those with pre-existing conditions
should not be denied coverage
54
Health insurance
should be
required to
provide care for
people who have
pre-existing
conditions, even if
the government
has to pay for it
Pre-existing
conditions can be
very expensive,
and health
insurers or the
government
should not be
required to pay
for them
Which of the following is closer to your view?
Showing All
88%
62%
78%
Democrats Republicans Independents
% say health insurance should be required to provide care for
people who have pre-existing conditions
59% 40% 2%
Yes No Don't Know
59% think contraception should be covered under
employer health plans
Showing All
All
Gender Age Political Affiliation Region
M F 18-29 30-44 45-64 65+ D R I NE MW S W
Yes 59 49 68 70 63 56 39 76 39 59 62 55 56 62
No 40 49 31 28 36 43 55 22 61 38 36 42 42 36
Dont know 2 3 1 2 1 0 6 2 0 2 1 2 2 2
Should employer-provided health insurance plans be required to cover
contraception?
55
Most feel excited when they read about a major
scientific advancement
All
Gender Age Political Affiliation Region
M F 18-29 30-44 45-64 65+ D R I NE MW S W
Excited 58 64 53 54 58 59 61 63 60 54 64 60 56 55
Nervous 34 28 40 42 35 33 25 33 30 37 31 32 34 39
Don't know 8 8 7 4 7 8 13 4 11 9 5 8 10 7
When you read about a major scientific advancement in the news, do you usually feel
more excited or more nervous?
58%
34%
8%
Excited
Nervous
Don't know
56
Showing All
42% think science and religion generally conflict
with each other
Which of the following is closer to your view?
24%
35%
36%
20%
42%
35%
Science and religion generally
agree with each other
Science and religion generally
conflict with each other
Science and religion are not
related in any meaningful way
2005 2012
All
Gender Age Political Affiliation Region
M F 18-29 30-44 45-64 65+ D R I NE MW S W
Science and religion generally agree with
each other
20 23 18 20 20 20 23 18 26 18 22 18 22 20
Science and religion generally conflict with
each other
42 38 45 49 47 39 32 45 41 40 40 44 39 45
Science and religion are not related in any
meaningful way
35 34 35 29 31 40 37 34 33 37 36 34 35 33
Don't know 3 4 2 2 1 2 9 3 1 5 2 3 4 2
Showing All
2005; CNN/ USA Today/
Gallup Poll
57
A majority support stem-cell research
All
Gender Age Political Affiliation Region
M F 18-29 30-44 45-64 65+ D R I NE MW S W
Support 67 66 68 75 70 68 55 73 56 69 75 71 60 69
Oppose 30 30 30 24 27 30 39 25 41 27 23 25 36 30
Don't know 3 4 2 2 3 2 7 2 3 4 3 4 4 1
Some people support stem-cell research, saying it's an important way to find
treatments for many diseases. Other people oppose stem cell research, saying it's
wrong to use any human embryos for research purposes. What about you? Do you
support or oppose stem cell research?
Showing All
58%
67%
30%
30%
12%
3%
Support Oppose Don't Know
2012
2001; ABC News/Washington Post
58
Americans also see a strong right to live
59
56%
39%
5%
Yes
No
Don't know
If the government (for example through Medicare) is paying the medical bills, should
someone on life support be required to be kept alive?
Showing All
Most say it is morally acceptable to take a patient
off life support at their request
If someone is on life support, for which of these reasons would it be morally
acceptable to take them off life support, allowing them to pass away? Please select
all that apply.
7%
8%
20%
30%
63%
78%
Another reason
It is never morally acceptable to take someone off life support
The family of the person on life support cannot afford the medical
bills
The family of the person on life support is enduring great
emotional pain
The person on life support is suffering
The person on life support requested they not be kept alive in
these situations
All
Gender Age Political Affiliation Region
M F 18-29 30-44 45-64 65+ D R I NE MW S W
The person on life support requested they
not be kept alive in these situations
78 77 79 71 76 83 81 74 80 80 84 79 77 74
The person on life support is suffering 63 58 67 62 66 63 59 67 58 64 62 63 60 67
The family of the person on life support is
enduring great emotional pain
30 29 30 26 31 30 31 33 29 27 25 27 32 31
The family of the person on life support
cannot afford the medical bills
20 20 20 26 18 20 15 23 21 18 17 15 23 23
It is never morally acceptable to take
someone off life support
8 9 7 9 12 4 6 5 8 9 6 8 9 7
Another reason 7 7 8 3 5 11 10 8 7 7 9 7 8 5
Don't know 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1
Showing All
60
57% 33%
Over half think financial cost is not sufficient
reason to take a patient off life support
Showing All
Someone on life
support should be
required to be
kept alive,
regardless of the
financial cost
Its acceptable to
take someone off
of life support if
the financial cost
of keeping them
alive is too great
All
Gender Age Political Affiliation Region
M F 18-29 30-44 45-64 65+ D R I NE MW S W
Someone on life support
should be required to be kept
alive, regardless of the
financial cost
57 55 59 63 64 55 43 57 55 59 60 56 59 54
Its acceptable to take
someone off of life support if
the financial cost of keeping
them alive is too great
33 36 31 36 29 35 34 35 38 30 32 34 32 37
Don't know 9 9 10 1 7 10 23 8 7 11 8 10 9 9
Which of the following is closer to your view?
61
59% think someone on life support should be required
to be kept alive if a private insurer is paying
All
Gender Age Political Affiliation Region
M F 18-29 30-44 45-64 65+ D R I NE MW S W
Yes 59 62 56 72 63 55 43 61 48 65 57 56 59 63
No 37 36 39 28 33 41 50 37 48 31 40 40 38 32
Don't know 4 3 5 0 5 4 7 2 4 4 3 4 3 4
59%
37%
4%
Yes
No
Don't know
If a private insurer is paying the medical bills, should someone on life support be
required to be kept alive?
62
Showing All
56% think someone on life support should be required
to be kept alive if the government is paying
63
Government
All
Gender Age Political Affiliation Region
M F 18-29 30-44 45-64 65+ D R I NE MW S W
Yes 56 60 53 70 62 50 40 57 51 60 52 49 58 64
No 39 37 40 28 35 44 49 38 45 36 44 43 38 32
Don't know 5 2 7 2 3 5 11 5 5 4 4 7 4 4
56%
39%
5%
Yes
No
Don't know
If the government (for example through Medicare) is paying the medical bills, should
someone on life support be required to be kept alive?
Majorities, especially of younger generations, say it is the governments
obligation to keep alive people on life support who wish to be kept alive
Showing All
A plurality are only somewhat concerned about
climate change
All
Gender Age Political Affiliation Region
M F 18-29 30-44 45-64 65+ D R I NE MW S W
A great deal 25 25 26 25 23 28 24 38 10 25 33 19 24 26
Somewhat 40 37 43 36 48 40 32 44 34 40 37 39 38 44
Not very much 20 18 23 26 17 17 23 14 28 21 19 24 21 18
Not at all 14 20 8 10 11 15 21 4 27 14 10 17 16 11
Dont know 1 1 1 2 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 0
How concerned, if at all, are you about climate change?
25% 40% 20% 14%
A great deal Somewhat Not very much Not at all
64
Showing All
Religious values over time Religious values over time Religious values over time Religious values over time
65
Fewer Americans are embracing religion
Belief in God has declined significantly from the 1940s and 11% now say they do not
believe in God
66
Do you believe in God?
96%
98%
89%
1%
1%
11%
Yes No
2012
1967; Gallup
1944; Gallup
All
Gender Age
Political
Affiliation
Region Religious
M F 18-29 30-44 45-64 65+ D R I NE MW S W Yes No
Yes 89 85 92 81 90 91 92 88 96 84 85 89 93 84 99 77
No 11 15 7 19 10 9 6 12 4 15 14 11 6 15 1 23
Dont know 0 0 1 0 0 0 2 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 1
Do you think the influence of religion on American life is...
69%
24%
10%
28%
14%
46%
Increasing Neither increasing nor decreasing Decreasing
The influence of religion on American life is
decreasing
The percentage of Americans who say the influence of religion is
decreasing has grown over the past 55 years
All
Gender Age Political Affiliation Region
M F 18-29 30-44 45-64 65+ D R I NE MW S W
TOTAL INCREASING 24 26 23 28 23 23 25 32 16 25 21 24 23 31
Greatly increasing 9 10 8 11 9 9 6 13 5 9 8 7 10 11
Slightly increasing 15 16 15 17 14 14 19 19 11 16 13 17 13 20
Neither increasing nor
decreasing
28 26 30 33 32 27 17 30 23 30 29 26 30 26
TOTAL DECREASING 46 48 46 40 44 50 54 37 61 44 49 50 47 41
Slightly decreasing 28 30 27 26 28 27 36 24 38 25 28 28 31 26
Greatly decreasing 18 18 19 14 16 23 18 13 23 19 21 22 16 15
Don't know 1 0 1 0 0 1 3 1 0 1 1 0 1 2
2012
1957; Gallup
67
Showing All
But religion is still very important to half of
Americans
The percent of Americans to whom religion is very important has
declined over the past 60 years
How important is religion in your own life?
75%
48%
20%
29%
5%
23%
Very important Fairly important Not very important
2012
1952; Gallup
All
Gender Age Political Affiliation Region Religious
M F 18-29 30-44 45-64 65+ D R I NE MW S W Yes No
Very important 48 44 52 36 47 52 60 49 60 40 40 50 57 39 67 25
Fairly important 29 27 30 33 30 28 23 28 25 33 33 29 27 28 29 29
Not very important 23 29 18 31 23 20 17 23 15 28 27 21 17 32 4 45
Don't know 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
68
Showing All
26% attend church at least once a week; 21%
never attend
Americans are attending church less frequently than as recently as 5
years ago
How often do you attend church, synagogue, mosque, or other worship services?
35%
26%
10%
11%
10%
13%
28%
28%
16%
21%
At least once per week Almost every week About once per month
Seldom Never
Showing All
2012
2007; Gallup
All
Gender Age Political Affiliation Region Religious
M F 18-29 30-44 45-64 65+ D R I NE MW S W Yes No
At least once per
week
26 25 27 23 21 28 37 23 35 2 21 28 29 24 42 8
Almost every week 11 13 10 7 16 11 12 10 14 10 10 12 14 8 16 6
About once per
month
13 14 13 16 11 11 19 15 14 12 13 14 13 14 19 7
Seldom 28 29 27 30 31 29 16 29 21 31 32 27 27 27 20 37
Never 21 20 22 24 21 21 17 23 16 23 23 19 17 27 3 42
69
Most say amount of religious tolerance is either
just right or not high enough
Is the level of religious tolerance in this country is too high, not high enough, or just
right?
11% 45% 43% 1%
Too high Just right Not high enough Don't know
Showing All
All
Gender Age Political Affiliation Region Religious
M F 18-29 30-44 45-64 65+ D R I NE MW S W Yes No
Too high 11 13 9 9 11 13 10 10 10 13 10 11 12 10 8 15
Just right 45 42 47 48 47 42 39 43 49 43 46 43 41 52 40 50
Not high enough 43 44 43 42 41 43 48 46 40 43 43 45 45 38 51 34
Don't know 1 1 2 1 0 2 3 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 2
70
Americans have not reached a consensus on
teaching creationism in public schools
Would you generally favor or oppose teaching creationism along with evolution in
public schools, or are you unsure?
58%
38%
7%
35%
35%
25% 1%
Favor Unsure Oppose Don't know
2012
2006; Pew Research Center
All
Gender Age Political Affiliation Region Religious
M F 18-29 30-44 45-64 65+ D R I NE MW S W Yes No
Favor 38 44 33 42 39 37 36 36 45 36 40 42 37 35 44 32
Oppose 25 25 26 26 25 25 26 25 24 27 23 23 26 29 23 29
Unsure 35 30 41 33 36 37 34 39 31 35 35 33 36 36 33 38
Don't know 1 1 1 0 0 0 4 1 0 2 2 1 1 0 0 1
71
Showing All
Our values in the economy Our values in the economy Our values in the economy Our values in the economy
72
Two-thirds of Americans think U.S. economy
is on the wrong track
73
All
Gender Age Political Affiliation
M F 18-29 30-44 45-64 65+ D R I
Right track 32 35 30 30 32 34 31 53 10 32
Wrong track 66 63 69 69 67 65 62 44 89 67
Dont know 2 2 2 0 1 2 7 3 1 2
In general, is the U.S. economy on the right track or is it off on the wrong track?
29%
26%
32%
60%
66%
66%
12%
8%
2%
Right track Wrong track Don't Know
Showing All
2012
2010
2011
Economy as on the wrong track and the most
important issue facing the country today
74
What do you think is the most important issue
facing this country today?
2%
9%
1%
1%
2%
2%
2%
2%
3%
3%
4%
5%
6%
6%
52%
Dont know
Other
Lack of opportunity
Taxes
Immigration
War in Afghanistan
Terrorism and nat'l security
Fuel costs
Partisan politics
Education
Big government/ bureaucracy
Moral values / family values
Health care
Deficit and gov't spending
Economy and jobs
Showing All
66%
Believe that the U.S.
economy is off on the
wrong track
Economy and jobs seen as the most important
issues by every sub-group
What do you think is the
most important issue facing
this country today?
All
Gender Age
Political
Affiliation
Region
M F
18-
29
30-
44
45-
64
65+ D R I NE MW S W
Economy and jobs 52 48 55 48 56 53 46 54 52 49 54 53 48 53
Deficit and government
spending
6 7 5 9 5 6 5 4 7 7 6 6 6 5
Health care 6 6 6 5 6 8 4 8 5 6 7 7 6 6
Moral values / family values 5 5 6 5 6 7 2 4 8 5 4 6 7 3
Big government / bureaucracy 4 6 3 4 4 3 7 3 6 4 3 6 3 6
Education 3 3 4 5 3 2 2 3 2 4 3 2 3 5
Partisan politics 3 3 3 1 2 4 6 4 1 4 2 4 3 3
Fuel costs 2 2 2 3 2 2 0 2 2 2 2 1 2 1
Terrorism and national
security
2 2 2 2 2 1 3 1 3 2 4 2 1 3
War in Afghanistan 2 2 2 3 1 1 1 3 0 1 1 1 2 2
Immigration 2 2 1 2 1 2 2 1 2 2 1 1 2 3
Taxes 1 2 1 1 2 1 0 2 1 1 1 1 1 2
Lack of opportunity 1 1 2 3 2 1 0 1 1 2 1 2 2 1
Other 9 11 8 6 9 8 17 9 8 10 10 7 11 8
Don't know 2 2 1 2 1 1 4 1 2 2 2 2 2 0
75
49% think wealthy Americans had more
opportunities than others
76
In your opinion, which of the following is the
primary reason wealthy Americans have achieved
financial success?
49%
39%
9%
They were born into
wealthy families or
had more
opportunities than
others
They worked harder
than most others to
be successful
They are just lucky
but 70%
believe that with
hard work I can
accomplish
anything
The view that whats good for business is good for
America is losing resonance with younger Americans
77
How strongly do you agree or disagree with the statement: Whats good for
business is good for America?
43% 28% 28% 1%
Agree Neither agree nor disagree Disagree Don't know
Showing All
35%
38%
45%
61%
18-29 30-44 45-64 65+
% Agree
70% 28%
But 7 in 10 believe With hard work I can
accomplish anything
78
Showing All
That with hard
work I can
accomplish
anything
No matter how
hard I work
success is more
dependent on
luck and/or
knowing the right
people
All
Gender Age
Political
Affiliation
Region Income Race
M F
18-
29
30-
44
45-
64
65+ D R I NE MW S W
<
35k
35k-
75k
75k
+
White Black
Hispa
nic
That with hard
work
70 69 71 67 72 70 71 64 85 66 69 61 75 73 62 72 79 70 68 75
No matter how
hard I work
28 30 27 33 27 27 27 36 13 33 30 37 23 27 37 27 20 29 32 25
Don't know 2 1 2 1 1 3 2 1 2 1 1 2 2 1 1 1 1 2 0 0
Which of the following is closer to your view?
Half think economic system is unfair to
middle- and working-class Americans
79
15%
20%
14% 14%
27%
13%
16%
49%
57%
34% 34%
43%
41%
41%
34%
22%
51%
52%
29%
46%
40%
Unsure Fair Unfair
Showing All
Do you think the economic system in America has been fair or unfair to
the following groups or individuals, or are you unsure?
You
Wealthy
Americans
Middle-class
Americans
Working-class
Americans
First generation
immigrants
Women
Minorities
Half think economic system is unfair to middle
and working class Americans
Do you think the economic
system in America has been
fair or unfair to the
following groups or
individuals, or are you
unsure?
Showing % Fair
All
Gender Age
Political
Affiliation
Region
M F
18-
29
30-
44
45-
64
65+ D R I NE MW S W
Wealthy Americans 57 62 51 53 59 57 56 59 58 53 65 55 56 52
You 49 55 44 43 48 49 61 47 60 44 51 42 51 53
First generation immigrants 43 49 37 33 43 46 51 34 56 41 42 41 44 43
Women 41 43 39 40 43 41 40 30 53 41 39 42 42 41
Minorities 41 40 43 33 39 47 44 28 65 35 39 41 43 41
Middle-class Americans 34 40 28 29 34 30 49 24 46 33 34 32 37 32
Working-class Americans 34 38 29 30 26 34 46 26 45 32 30 36 34 33
Showing % Unfair
Wealthy Americans 22 20 24 23 24 21 18 19 20 25 18 22 21 27
You 34 32 36 41 37 33 21 38 25 37 33 41 30 34
First generation immigrants 29 28 29 41 30 26 13 35 16 31 34 23 23 38
Women 46 45 47 51 42 44 48 58 35 45 51 43 45 45
Minorities 40 44 37 51 42 35 35 54 21 44 46 41 37 42
Middle-class Americans 51 47 55 51 56 54 37 62 42 50 55 53 51 48
Working-class Americans 52 50 55 60 55 54 39 61 41 54 59 51 50 52
80
Wall Street values not in line with American
values
81
think that executives at large Wall Street
banks share the same fundamental set
of values as other Americans
17%
think that some of the executives at large
Wall Street banks, who presided over
significant financial losses leading to a
government bailout, should have gone to
jail as a result of the financial crisis
71%
17% 79%
Only 17% think Wall Street executives share
fundamental American values
82
Share the same
fundamental
American values
Have a different
set of values
All
Gender Age
Political
Affiliation
Region Income
M F
18-
29
30-
44
45-
64
65+ D R I NE MW S W
<
35k
35k

75k
75k+
Share the same fundamental
American values
17 18 16 23 16 16 13 14 24 16 16 13 18 20 17 15 22
Have a different set of values 79 79 79 75 81 82 78 84 71 81 81 83 78 77 80 82 74
Don't know 4 3 4 2 3 2 9 2 5 3 3 4 4 3 3 3 4
Do you think that executives at large Wall Street banks share the same fundamental
American values as you, or do these managers have a different set of values?
Showing All
7% 89%
Worse, because
they are
motivated by
greed and self-
interest
Of those, 9 in 10 think their values are worse
All
Gender Age
Political
Affiliation
Region Income
M F 18-29 30-44 45-64 65+ D R I NE MW S W < 35k
35k
75k
75k+
Better, because they value
capitalism and free market
solutions
7 8 6 10 6 7 6 7 9 6 5 7 9 7 6 7 7
Worse, because they are
motivated by greed and self-
interest
89 89 89 86 90 91 87 89 86 91 91 88 87 91 88 90 90
Dont know 4 3 5 3 4 2 7 4 4 3 4 5 4 2 6 3 3
IF DIFFERENT: Do you think the values of executives at large Wall Street banks are
better or worse than fundamental American values?
Better, because
they value
capitalism and
free market
solutions
Showing All; N= 1590
83
71% think Wall Street executives should have
gone to jail
84
All
Gender Age Political Affiliation Region
M F 18-29 30-44 45-64 65+ D R I NE MW S W
Should have gone to jail 71 72 71 60 71 78 73 76 67 70 73 72 71 71
Not a criminal act 23 23 22 35 24 17 15 19 27 23 23 20 23 24
Don't know 6 5 7 5 5 5 12 5 6 7 4 8 7 6
Do you think that some of the executives at large Wall Street banks, who presided
over significant financial losses leading to a government bailout, should have gone
to jail as a result of the financial crisis, or were their financial losses not a criminal
act?
71%
23%
6%
Should have gone
to jail
Not a criminal act
Don't know
42% 56%
Over half would raise taxes on wealthy individuals
and businesses
Showing All
Lower taxes on
individuals and
businesses, and
pay for those tax
cuts by cutting
spending on
some government
services and
programs
Spend more on
education and the
nation's
infrastructure,
and raise taxes on
wealthy
individuals and
businesses to pay
for that spending
All
Gender Age Political Affiliation Region
M F 18-29 30-44 45-64 65+ D R I NE MW S W
Lower taxes on individuals
and businesses
42 42 42 36 49 39 48 24 64 42 37 40 48 39
Spend more on education
and the nation's infrastructure
56 56 56 64 51 59 46 75 34 57 62 58 49 60
Don't know 2 2 2 0 1 2 6 2 2 1 1 2 2 1
Which of these do you think is the best way to promote economic growth in the U.S.?
85
38% 57%
57% think the government should focus spending
on younger rather than older citizens
Showing All
The government
should focus
spending on
helping older
people deal with
retirement and
healthcare issues
as they age
The government
should focus
spending on the
education system
to help younger
people be
prepared to get
better jobs
All
Gender Age Political Affiliation Region
M F 18-29 30-44 45-64 65+ D R I NE MW S W
Focus spending on helping
older people deal with
retirement and healthcare
38 39 38 25 34 49 41 37 41 38 43 38 41 31
Focus spending on the
education system to help
younger people
57 56 58 73 62 47 47 60 53 58 55 56 53 64
Don't know 5 5 4 2 3 4 12 3 6 5 2 5 6 4
When thinking about what the government should focus on, which of the following is
more important to you?
86
46% prefer a progressive tax system
What would you describe as the best system of taxation?
33%
46%
14%
6%
A system where all people
pay an equal percentage of
their income in taxes
A system where wealthier
people pay a higher
percentage of their income
in taxes
A system with no income
taxes, and the government
raises money through a
sales tax on goods and
services
A system with no taxes
whatsoever, and the
government raises money
in other ways
All
Gender Age Political Affiliation Region
M F 18-29 30-44 45-64 65+ D R I NE MW S W
A system where all people pay an equal
percentage of their income in taxes
33 34 32 29 30 35 39 24 45 32 27 32 34 38
A system where wealthier people pay a
higher percentage of their income in taxes
46 43 48 54 47 43 37 60 31 45 55 45 40 48
A system with no income taxes, and the
government raises money through a sales
tax on goods and services
14 16 12 12 16 15 10 10 17 14 11 18 16 8
A system with no taxes whatsoever, and the
government raises money in other ways
6 6 7 5 6 6 9 6 5 8 6 4 8 6
Don't know 1 1 1 0 0 1 5 1 1 1 0 1 2 0
Showing All
87
62% 35%
6 in 10 think running a budget deficit undermines
American values
Showing All
Running a
government
budget deficit
undermines
American values,
since it means
our children will
have to pay for
our spending
Government
borrowing is
essential to the
growth of the U.S.
economy and to
meet the funding
needs of critical
services
All
Gender Age Political Affiliation Region
M F 18-29 30-44 45-64 65+ D R I NE MW S W
Undermines American values 62 63 62 66 66 59 58 47 73 68 60 66 61 63
Essential to the growth of the
U.S. economy
35 35 34 33 33 38 33 50 24 30 38 32 34 35
Don't know 3 3 3 1 2 3 9 3 3 2 2 2 5 1
Which of the following is closer to your view?
88
37% 61%
Over one-third of Americans think income taxes
challenge upward mobility
Showing All
Income taxes
challenge the
American value of
upward mobility,
because they
punish people
who work hard to
earn higher
incomes
Income taxes are
essential to
safeguarding
American values,
because they pay
for necessary
services that
bring more
opportunities for
Americans
All
Gender Age Political Affiliation Region Income
M F 18-29 30-44 45-64 65+ D R I NE MW S W < 35k
35k
75k
75k+
Income taxes challenge
the American value of
upward mobility
37 36 37 37 40 37 30 23 45 42 34 33 43 33 37 36 36
Income taxes are
essential to safeguarding
American values
61 61 61 61 58 62 64 74 52 56 65 63 55 65 61 60 63
Don't know 2 3 2 2 2 2 6 2 2 2 2 4 2 2 2 4 1
Which of the following is closer to your view?
89
Americans are divided on the impact of labor
unions on our values
Do you think that labor unions have had a mostly positive, mostly negative, or no
impact on American values in the past?
41% 21% 36% 3%
Mostly positive No impact Mostly negative Don't know
All
Gender Age Political Affiliation Region Union
M F 18-29 30-44 45-64 65+ D R I NE MW S W Yes No
Mostly positive 41 43 39 47 37 39 40 53 22 43 48 46 38 35 64 37
Mostly negative 36 38 34 30 33 41 38 20 62 31 33 34 35 40 24 38
No impact 21 18 23 21 26 18 16 23 16 22 17 17 24 23 10 22
Don't know 3 1 4 1 3 2 7 3 0 4 2 3 4 2 2 3
90
Showing All
79% think the decline of the manufacturing industry
has had a negative impact on American values
All
Gender Age Political Affiliation Region
M F 18-29 30-44 45-64 65+ D R I NE MW S W
Mostly positive 10 11 8 18 8 8 5 12 10 8 6 11 10 11
Mostly negative 79 78 80 70 80 84 82 80 82 77 83 81 79 76
The American manufacturing
industry has not declined 8 8 8 11 11 5 5 6 4 12 9 5 8 10
Don't know 3 3 3 2 1 3 9 2 4 2 2 3 3 3
Has the decline of the American manufacturing industry had a mostly positive or
mostly negative impact on the traditional American values of hard work and upward
mobility?
10%
79%
8%
3%
Mostly positive
Mostly negative
The American manufacturing
industry has not declined
Don't know
Showing All
91
Privacy Privacy Privacy Privacy
92
55% do not expect their personal information to be
private when using social media
All
Gender Age Political Affiliation Region
M F 18-29 30-44 45-64 65+ D R I NE MW S W
Yes 40 39 41 52 38 35 38 40 37 41 43 35 40 43
No 55 55 56 47 59 62 47 56 59 54 55 59 54 54
Don't know 4 5 3 0 3 3 14 4 4 4 2 6 6 2
When using social media like Facebook and Twitter, do you expect that your personal
information will remain private?
40%
55%
4%
Yes
No
Don't know
Showing All
93
61% disapprove of websites monitoring visitors
online activity
All
Gender Age Political Affiliation Region
M F 18-29 30-44 45-64 65+ D R I NE MW S W
Approve 33 37 29 40 42 29 18 30 32 36 29 34 35 34
Disapprove 61 57 64 58 55 66 62 64 65 56 69 59 56 62
Don't know 6 6 6 2 2 5 20 6 3 8 2 7 9 4
Many websites have the ability to monitor visitors activity online, including websites
they visit and their physical location, and do this to help keep web content free. Do
you approve or disapprove of this practice?
33%
61%
6%
Approve
Disapprove
Don't know
Showing All
94
Americans more worried about the government knowing
about their personal life than private companies
All
Gender Age Political Affiliation Region
M F 18-29 30-44 45-64 65+ D R I NE MW S W
Private companies 28 25 31 34 32 25 19 41 18 25 33 32 23 28
The government 47 51 43 46 50 47 42 33 59 48 41 43 47 53
Neither it doesnt bother me
if these organizations know
about my personal life
23 22 23 19 18 26 27 23 19 25 24 22 29 13
Don't know 3 2 4 0 0 3 12 3 4 2 2 3 1 6
Would you be more worried about private companies or about the government
knowing too much about your personal life?
28% 47% 23% 3%
Private companies The government Neither Don't know
Showing All
95
Our values in politics Our values in politics Our values in politics Our values in politics
96
Political system seen to reflect values of wealthy
due to influence of lobbyists and money
97
think that lobbyists have too much
power in American politics.
74%
think there is too much money
concentrated among a small number of
groups and individuals spent on political
campaigns in America
82%
24%
71%
The values of middle- and working-class
Americans are reflected by Americas
elected officials
Our elected officials mainly reflect the
values of the wealthy
7 in 10 believe elected officials reflect mainly
the values of the wealthy
98
All
Gender Age Political Affiliation Region
M F 18-29 30-44 45-64 65+ D R I NE MW S W
Middle- and working-class
values are accurately
reflected
24 23 24 28 25 22 19 25 25 23 27 21 22 25
Reflect mainly wealthy values 71 74 69 71 72 74 67 71 66 74 71 74 71 70
Don't know 5 4 6 1 3 5 14 5 8 3 1 5 7 5
Do you believe that the values of middle- and working-class Americans are reflected
by Americas elected officials, or do our elected officials mainly reflect the values of
the wealthy?
24%
71%
5%
Middle and working
class values are
accurately reflected
Reflect mainly
wealthy values
Don't know
Showing All
71%
74%
13%
17%
8%
5%
8%
4%
Too much About the right amount Not enough Don't know
74% think lobbyists have too much power in
American politics
99
Showing All
All
Gender Age Political Affiliation Region Income
M F 18-29 30-44 45-64 65+ D R I NE MW S W < 35k
35k
75k
75k+
Too much 74 79 69 63 70 77 88 73 78 72 72 81 73 71 64 78 78
About the
right
amount
17 14 20 26 21 15 4 18 15 17 19 12 17 21 20 17 15
Not enough 5 5 5 7 6 5 0 5 4 5 6 3 5 5 7 3 5
Don't know 4 2 6 4 4 3 8 4 2 6 3 5 5 3 9 2 2
Do you think that lobbyists have too much power in American politics, about the right
amount of power, or not enough power?
2012
2011
82% 16%
8 in 10 think there is too much money spent
on political campaigns
100
Showing All
There is too much
money concentrated
among a small
number of groups
and individuals
spent on political
campaigns in
America, and strict
limits should be
placed on campaign
spending and
contributions
Because electing our
political leaders is
one of the most
important things we
do as a nation, its
acceptable that a
great deal of money
is spent on political
campaigns, even if
happens to be
concentrated among
a small number of
groups and
individuals
All
Gender Age Political Affiliation Region
M F 18-29 30-44 45-64 65+ D R I NE MW S W
There is too much money 82 82 83 80 83 84 81 83 80 83 86 82 81 82
Because electing our political
leaders
16 17 15 20 16 15 13 16 18 15 13 14 18 16
Don't know 2 1 3 0 1 2 6 1 2 2 0 4 1 3
Which of the following is closer to your view?
Growing percentages oppose any outright
bans on handgun ownership
101
Believe there should not be a law that would
ban the possession of handguns, except by
the police and other authorized persons.
72%
Believe that all Americans have the right
to use deadly force to defend themselves
51%
55%
62%
64%
1980
(Gallup)
1990
(Gallup)
2000
(Gallup)
2012
64%
An increase since 1980
Growing percentages oppose any outright
bans on handgun ownership
102
Possession of
handguns
All
Gender Age Political Affiliation Region
Gun Owner/
In Home
M F
18-
29
30-
44
45-
64
65+ D R I NE MW S W Yes No
Should be 35 27 42 41 31 32 37 45 25 34 40 37 26 42 16 46
Should not be 64 72 56 58 67 67 62 54 75 64 55 61 74 57 84 52
Don't know 1 1 2 1 2 2 1 1 1 2 5 2 0 1 1 2
38%
41%
36%
35%
51%
55%
62%
64%
11%
4%
2%
1%
Should be Should not be Don't know
Do you think there should or should not be a law that would ban the possession of
handguns, except by the police and other authorized persons?
Showing All
1980; Gallup
1990; Gallup
2000; Gallup
2012
72% 25%
72% believe all Americans have the right to
use deadly force in defense
103
Showing All
That all
Americans have
the right to use
deadly force to
defend
themselves
That only law
enforcement have
the right to use
deadly force
All
Gender Age
Political
Affiliation
Region
Gun Owner/
In Home
M F
18-
29
30-
44
45-
64
65+ D R I NE MW S W Yes No
That all Americans have
the right to use deadly
force to defend
themselves
72 74 69 71 74 71 70 62 85 71 74 71 73 68 89 62
That only law enforcement
have the right to use
deadly force
25 22 27 29 21 25 24 33 14 25 25 22 26 25 10 33
Don't know 4 3 4 0 5 4 5 4 1 3 1 7 1 6 1 4
Which of the following is closer to your view?
Americans are divided on gun control
All
Gender Age Political Affiliation Region
Gun Owner/
In Home
M F 18-29 30-44 45-64 65+ D R I NE MW S W Yes No
Protect the right to own guns 49 57 41 49 50 48 50 33 66 49 41 46 57 46 76 33
Control gun ownership 50 42 58 50 49 51 49 67 34 49 57 53 42 53 23 66
Don't know 1 1 1 2 1 0 2 1 0 2 2 1 1 1 1 1
What do you think is more important to protect the right of Americans to own guns,
or to control gun ownership?
32%
49%
60%
50%
8%
1%
Protect the right to own guns Control gun ownership Don't know
Showing All
2012
2007; Pew Research
104
56% support a law that would ban the possession
of concealed handguns
Concealed
All
Gender Age Political Affiliation Region
Gun Owner/
In Home
M F 18-29 30-44 45-64 65+ D R I NE MW S W Yes No
Should be 56 50 61 62 49 56 56 71 45 52 65 58 46 62 40 65
Should not be 43 49 37 38 49 43 38 29 52 46 33 39 53 37 58 33
Don't know VOL 2 1 2 0 1 1 6 0 2 2 2 3 2 1 2 2
56%
43%
2%
Should be
Should not be
Don't know
Do you think there should or should not be a law that would ban the concealed (that
is, hidden from public view) carrying of handguns in public places, except by the
police or other authorized persons?
Showing All
105
45% 51%
45% believe America has the right to engage in
preemptive war
Showing All
America has the
right to go to war
to defend itself,
even if it isnt
attacked first
America should
only go to war if it
is attacked first
All
Gender Age Political Affiliation Region
M F 18-29 30-44 45-64 65+ D R I NE MW S W
America has the right to go to
war to defend itself, even if it
isnt attacked first
45 49 42 38 49 47 45 38 59 43 51 43 48 40
America should only go to
war if it is attacked first
51 47 54 59 49 49 48 58 38 54 49 50 48 57
Don't know 4 3 4 3 2 4 7 4 3 4 1 7 3 3
Which of the following is closer to your view?
106
44%
61%
Support mandatory military
service
Support mandatory public or
community service
% Yes
Strong support for service to country
107
Should every American have an obligation to serve his or her country through
military/public or community service?
Showing All
Americans divided by age over mandatory
military service
108
All
Gender Age Political Affiliation Region Race
M F 18-29 30-44 45-64 65+ D R I NE MW S W White Black
Hispa
nic
Yes 44 53 36 34 32 47 67 42 43 48 36 43 46 47 41 49 51
No 55 47 62 66 67 52 29 57 57 52 61 56 53 52 58 49 49
Don't know 1 0 2 0 1 1 4 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 2 0
Should every American have an obligation to serve his or her country through
military service?
44% 55% 1%
Yes No Don't know
Showing All
6 in 10 think every American should perform
mandatory community service
109
All
Gender Age Political Affiliation Region
M F 18-29 30-44 45-64 65+ D R I NE MW S W
Yes 61 63 59 60 55 63 73 65 59 59 65 64 57 63
No 37 36 38 39 44 36 23 33 39 38 33 36 42 32
Don't know 2 1 3 1 1 2 4 1 2 3 2 0 1 5
Should every American have an obligation to serve his or her country through either
public or community service?
61% 37% 2%
Yes No Don't know
Showing All
The generational divide The generational divide The generational divide The generational divide
110
Older Americans believe in the strength of
American values
All
Age
18-29 30-44 45-64 65+
TOTAL STRONGER 36 31 31 36 48
Much stronger 12 10 10 11 18
Somewhat stronger 24 21 21 25 30
About the same 28 32 34 26 19
TOTAL WEAKER 33 36 34 34 22
Somewhat weaker 23 26 23 24 17
Much weaker 10 10 11 10 5
Dont know 4 2 1 4 10
48%
31%
19%
32%
22%
36%
10%
2%
Stronger About the same Weaker Don't know
Age 18- 29
Age 65+
Do you think that American values in general are stronger, weaker, or about the same
as in the rest of the world?
111
and are less open to learning from other
countries
All
Age
18-29 30-44 45-64 65+
Spread our values 15 8 18 13 25
Try to learn from the values of other
countries
31 45 34 26 20
Neither 51 46 47 59 50
Dont know 2 1 1 2 5
Which of the following is closer to your view?
8%
45%
46%
25%
20%
50%
America should focus on trying to
spread our values to other
countries around the world
America should try to learn from the
values of other countries around
the world
Neither America has its own
values and should not concern
itself with the values of other
countries
18-29 65+
112
Younger Americans consider religion less
important
- 19% of Americans ages 18- 29 do not believe in God, compared to 6% of Americans
age 65+
- 36% of Americans ages 18- 29 consider religion very important in their lives, compared
to 60% of those age 65+
Do you believe in
God?
All
Age
18-29 30-44 45-64 65+
Yes 89 81 90 91 92
No 11 19 10 9 6
Dont know 0 0 0 0 2
19%
10% 9%
6%
81%
90% 91% 92%
18-29 30-44 45-65 65+
No Yes
How important is
religion in your own
life?
All
Age
18-29 30-44 45-64 65+
Very important 48 36 47 52 60
Fairly important 29 33 30 28 23
Not very important 23 31 23 20 17
Don't know 0 0 0 0 1
60%
52%
47%
36%
23%
28%
30%
33%
17%
20%
23%
31%
65+
45-65
30-44
18-29
Very important
Fairly important
Not very important
113
Wide gap between those 18-29 years and those
65+ on what is morally acceptable
Please indicate whether each of the
following is morally acceptable or
morally objectionable.
Showing % Morally acceptable /
morally objectionable
All
Age Gap
18-29 30-44 45-64 65+
% Morally acceptable
(18-29) 65+
Adults viewing pornography 47/ 52 62/ 37 55/ 45 42/ 56 25/ 71 -37
An unmarried man and woman living
together
69/ 30 76/ 24 73/ 26 72/ 27 45/ 48 -31
Smoking marijuana 41/ 56 52/ 47 43/ 56 44/ 55 21/ 72 -31
Sex education in public schools 78/ 21 89/ 11 77/ 22 80/ 18 61/ 38 -28
Homosexuality 53/ 45 62/ 38 57/ 42 53/ 45 36/ 56 -26
Cloning designed to result in the birth of a
human being
18/ 79 32/ 68 20/ 78 14/ 84 8/ 88 -24
Interracial marriage 83/ 15 87/ 12 91/ 8 82/ 16 65/ 29 -22
Underage drinking 14/ 85 29/ 70 15/ 84 8/ 92 7/ 92 -22
Pre-marital sex 60/ 39 66/ 33 63/ 35 61/ 39 45/ 51 -21
Having a child out of wedlock 57/ 40 63/ 37 55/ 43 61/ 35 44/ 51 -19
Abortion 41/ 57 52/ 46 35/ 63 40/ 58 36/ 59 -16
Using illegal drugs (other than marijuana) 11/ 89 15/ 85 15/ 83 8/ 92 3/ 95 -12
Athletes using performance enhancing
drugs
10/ 89 14/ 85 12/ 87 9/ 90 2/ 96 -12
114
Social media, political satirists have a greater
influence on younger Americans
When you think of how we learn what
"right and wrong" means, how much of
an influence would you say the following
sources had or continue to have on
developing your beliefs?
Showing % A great deal + a fair amount
All
Age
18-29 30-44 45-64 65+
Family 93 90 92 92 94
The schools you attended K through 12 79 83 71 79 91
Higher education 77 77 72 75 87
Religious teachings 72 70 70 75 79
Books 71 72 69 66 83
Friends 70 73 69 69 71
Religious leaders 56 51 49 57 75
News media 51 54 50 45 58
Television and movies 46 57 45 41 42
Social media or the internet 44 59 41 40 38
Political leaders 35 42 31 32 40
Celebrities and professional athletes 31 45 27 26 31
Political satirists like Jon Stewart and Stephen
Colbert
24 36 23 18 20
Political commentators like Rachel Maddow or
Rush Limbaugh
22 26 20 18 25
115
116
Thank you!