MINOR PROJECT ON

SOLAR HEATER.

CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that has successfully completed his term work in __________Project Work as per prescribed syllabus.

Submission date: -

H.O.D Mechanical Engineering Dept.

GUIDED BY:

PRINCIPAL

Acknowledgement
We feel in great in presenting the report of our project SOLAR HEATER which finds application in much modern equipment and system, this project is done in partial fulfillment of D.M.E. (Diploma in mechanical engineering) course at the We wish to express our sincere gratitude and thanks to our guide professor. During our whole project work for his inspiration give to us and guidance showered open us. He was greatly helpful to us by solving all our queries and difficulties. We are also thankful to our head of the department of mechanical engineering Last but not we are thankful to and all out lecturers who showered upon there help and guidance during the project work and also our friends who always ready to help.

INDEX
SR.NO. DESCRIPTION PAGE NO. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
INTRODUCTION PROJECT PLANNING MARKET SURVEY PROJECT LIFE CYCLE PHASES COSTING DETAILS BILL OF MATERIALS

CHAPTER:-1
Importance of project Characteristics of Project

Objectives of project

]Importance of project

The process of project work depends on intelligence, skills, creativity, and energy of group of student. Project work has been required studies of number of subject project work will provide an opportunity for coordination and integration of theory and practices a wide of cognitive skill and necessary in a technician. The purpose of providing project work is to expose to problems and to introduce you to the procedures used to reach e efficient acceptable solution. By doing this you gain confidence in taking decision and taking problems project work will integrate and train the skill required by you in study.

 Characteristics of Project: The following are the main characteristics of the project:
1. OBJECTIVE :

A project has fixed set of objective have been achieved, the project cease to exit.

2. LIFE SPAN :

A project cannot continue endlessly. It has to come to an end what represents the end would normally be spelt out in the set of objective.

3. SINGLE ENTITY :

A project is one entity and is normally entrusted to one responsibility centre while the participants in the project are many.

4. TEAM WORK :

A project call for a team work the team is constituted of members belonging to different disciplines and organization.

5. LIFE CYCLE :

A project has life cycle, reflected by growth maturing and decay. It definitely has a learning component.

6. UNIQUENEESS:

No two projects are exactly similar, even if they are duplicated. The location, the infrastructure, the organics and the people make the project unique.

7. CHANGE :

A project sees many changes may not have any major impact. The can be some changes which with change the entire character or course of the project.

8. SUCCESSIVE PRINCIPLE :

What is going to happen during the life cycle of project is not fully known at any stage. The detail gets finalized successively with the passage of time.

9. MADE TO ORDER :

A project is always made to the order of its customer. The customer states various requirements and puts constraints within which the project must be executed.

10. UNITY OF DIVERSITY :

A project is a complex set of thousands of verities. The verities are in terms of technology, equipments and materials, machinery and people, work culture and ethics. But they remain inter related and unless this is so, it is not possible to complete the project successfully.

Objectives of project:
The following are the main objective of project.

Project work enables a student to work as a group. This is a very mush important in engineering fields. A student can developed his mind towards engineering field and they come to know various manufacturing techniques and processes. A student can develop good knowledge about various machines and equipments used for manufacturing of various parts. Each can develop his ability to plan a work and take appropriate decision.

 It develops confidence and creativity of thinking. It helps to arrive at creative solution of problem. Student can understand his own strength and limitations and try to improve it. Project is necessary to develop a leadership and work as a member of team. Maintain level of problem while dealing with engineering situation. Have a sense of purpose and pride of achievement for the project. Reliably work independently.

Aims of project work:

The course listed above can be achieved by designing suitable learning exercises in class room, laboratory, following aims could be achieved.

To develop planning and decision making skills. To provide student with an opportunity to develop and demonstrative confident and ability to tackle problem and sprit of achievement. To provide with experience and practices to teaching problems, that they are likely to meet in industry. To integrate and reinforce skills required the students in separate subject.

 To provide subject.

interdisciplinary

studies

of

the

To develop higher level skills for solution of project. To given student an opportunity to learn to keep good records and to presents an engineers and it can only achieved by practices. To present an excision and demanding of the student. To develop ability to work in team positively. To make up student mind not work individually but also to work in team. To get the knowledge of each student in various subjects which have been studied before

 To treat the students to make work project and to decide cost, time and its advantages themselves. The students can know work difficulties and right way of mending those difficulties. To develop leadership in students with help of project work. To develop the estimation of instruments prevailed in market. To develop unity in- group project. mechanical

CHAPTER:-2
Project planning

Introduction

Steps of project planning

Steps of Project Planning:

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.

Selection of project Market survey Production capacity Investment decision Design and drawing Selection of material Selection machines, tools and equipments required. 8. Resource labor, transportations, loss of manufacturing. 9. Including material required process 10. Inventory planning 11. Process planning 12. Preparation of F.P.C & O.P.C 13. Coasting 14. Testing of project 15. Market response of project.

CHAPTER:-3
Market survey

Market Survey
You need to check yourself a market prospect of the product selected by you before launch a venture. You should rely merely upon institution or here say to access the market prospect. A comprehension market study is must be specific advantage of such a study are. It enables you to evaluate viability of an enterprise by arcing at a year estimate of seals. It makes it possible for you to estimate scale and utilization of install capacity with reference propose enterprise. You can judge weather proposed capacity is on higher and lower size.

 It provident a preliminary input for the marketing strategy and process formulation or the enterprise (A market program is a set decision refried in a respect of various market related to issued it influents the market performance of an enterprise.) Market survey is usually focused on gross market demands present and future. It typically highlights the gaps between expected market demand and supply in respect offer given product. Such a gap could be positive (demand exceed supply) and therefore favorable. The gap could be negative a favorable gap is does not guaranty market success for an enterprise a market success is and between of favorable demand supplies gap as well effective market program.

CHAPTER:-4

DETAIL

DETAIL

1)STRUCTURE 3) BATTARY 4) SWITCH 7) OTHER COMPONETS

1)STRUCTURE

MATERIAL :- M.S SIZE :- 18X18X2.5 NO ITEM:- ONE

2) PUMP

A great inexpensive tool that allows you to have compressed air ready at any time is called a portable compressed air carry tank. These are metal tanks that you take and fill up from an air filling station at your local garage or fill from your air compressor Feature Detail:

72 cubic inches lightweight aluminum composite Consistent flow technology piston Dual safety rupture plugs for both bottle and downstream safety Nickel plated brass bonnet Certified fill nipple and dual locking set screws

Supply Compressed air or nitrogen Length: 13 inches

3) BATTARY
MATERIAL :- STANDARD SIZE :- AS PER REQUIMENTS
Manufacturing Company introduces the a double acting, nonrotating pneumatic cylinder. It is a compact, aluminiumextruded body cylinder designed for international machine requirements. The is capable of carrying side loads of up to 700 kg-force and movements up to 4.6 N-m.

The tooling plate has a radial deflection ranging from 0.17 mm to 0.61 mm, and a rotational tolerance of less than or equal to 1/2 of a degree. The cylinder has a PTFE-impregnated, hard anodized resistance. aluminium The body that provides is superior wear repairable cylinder dimensionally-

interchangeable with similar compact extruded aluminium body cylinders. The cylinder also features a new miniature switch that slides into a track in the cylinder body. Expected service life of the EF2 cylinder is 2,500 km. cylinders are available in ten bore sizes, 12 mm to 100 mm, and a wide

variety of stroke lengths in 5 mm increments. A standard option provides threaded mounting holes, rod threads and ports in US customary units. Mounting options include threaded bottom and threaded rear/front mounting. Other options include bumpers, magnetic position sensing, blank tooling plate, and high temperature option. Cylinders can also be custo m designed for specific applications. .

3)SWITCH
To ensure smooth running and to optimize energy air engines use a simple electromagnetic

efficiency,

distribution system, which controls the flow of air into the engine. This system runs on very little energy and alters neither the valve phase nor its rise. No clutch is necessary. The engine is idle when the car is stationary and the vehicle is started by the magnetic plate, which re-engages the compressedair. Parking manoeuvers are powered by the electric motor. The P04 engine is equipped with patented variable- volume butts and a dynamic variable- volume volumetric reducer. The engines can be equipped with and run on dual energies - fossil fuels and compressed air - and incorporate a reheating mechanism between the storage tank and the engine This mechanism allows the engine to run exclusively on fossil fuel, which permits compatible autonomy

on the road. While the car is running on fossil fuel, the compressor refills the compressed air tanks. The control system maintains a zero-pollution emission in the city at speeds up to 60 km/h.

Simple instruments are used to make our project, they are listed below:-

Scale Outside and inside caliper Rough File Smooth File Center Punch Surface Plate

 Anvil Hammer Hacksaw Frame and Blade Spanners Screw Driver

LATHE MACHINE

A B C D E F

Height of Center Length Swing Over Saddle No. of Spindle Possible Range of Spindle Speed Range of Gross Feed

165 mm 1839 mm 203 mm 8 240 to 790 rpm 0.008 to 0223

mm G Range of width worth Thread 4 to 120 TPI per inch H Net wet of Machine 690 kg

Specification of tool and equivalent required for the project cutting tools:-

Carbide Tool H.S.S. Tool Drill Different Sizes

MACHINE USED AND THEIR SPECIFICATION

Various machine required for project as under:1) Lathe Machine:

A B C D E F

Max. diameter of mod to cat Strike No. of Stroke per minute Blade Size Motor Approximate Wt.

180 mm 75 to 150 mm 60 350 mm 1 hp 225

Article I. MACHIN E USED AND THEIR SPECIFICATION

2) Grinding Machine:

Name

Bench M/c

Grinding

B C

Overall Height Overall Weight

400kg

D E F

Overall Length Motor Approximate Wet

790 mm hp X 280 rpm 70kg

Article II. MACHIN E USED AND THEIR SPECIFICATION

3) Drilling Machine:

A B

Capacity on Steel Spindle Nose

50 mm Mt. Tape 4 Mossel

C D

Dia. of Spindle Range of Spindle Speed

62.5 mm 25,70,105,140,1 65, rpm 280,429,555

Max. distance from Spindle nose 150 mm to bed

F G

Motor Approximate Wt.

3 hp 1280kg

OTHER COMPONETS WE HAVE TO REQUIREMNETS LOTS OF OTHER COMPONETS LIKE BOLT, NUT, BATTERS ,REQUIREMENTS MATERIALS ETC.

COSTING
COST ESTIMATION
An approximate costing of the project was done on the basis of market survey. Costing of the product can be work out based on some simple assumption used by the industries:-

For the purpose of costing, some basic considerations are given below:a. Direct expenses : 5% of the material cost b. Factory overhead : 5% of the prime cost c. Selling overhead : 10% of factory cost d. Profit : 25% of production cost

SELLING PRICE OF PROJECT IN MARKET

a. prime cost of products is: Material cost + Labor cost + Expenses =1394 + =3424 1230 + 800

b. Factory overhead: 5% of prime cost =171.2

c. Factory cost: Prime cost + Factory overhead =3595.2

d. Selling overhead: 20% of factory cost =719.04

e. Production cost: Factory cost + selling overhead =4014.24

f. Profit: 25% of the production cost =1003.56

Therefore the selling price of the product is Total cost + Profit = Rs.5018

CONCLUSION

After completing the major project on SOLAR HEATER we are much happy and would like to thank our professor, guides and the lectures of the concerned department who have guided us.

While making this project we have been able to learn a lot and understand the various aspects of SOLAR HEATER we can use our knowledge, which we get during our study.