A PROJECT REPORT ON IT SECTOR

Submitted to:Submitted by:-

Mrs.Sonia Chawla HOD,MBA Deptt, DAVIET

Tanyapreet Amisha Neha arora Pragya Sandeep Prince

2157 2103 2121 2129 2145 2131

Contents
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 6(a) 6(b) 6(c) 6(d) 6(e) 7. Introduction to it sector Cureent trends and technologies Market structure Swot analysis of it sector Market share Top five players of it sector Tata consultancy services (tcs) Infosys technologies ltd. Wipro Tech mahindra Hcl technologfies ltd. bibliography

INTRODUCTION TO IT SECTOR
The Indian information technology (IT) industry has played a key role in putting India on the global map. Thanks to the success of the IT industry, India is now a power to reckon with. According to the annual report 200910, prepared by the Department of Information Technology (DIT), the ITBPO industry is expected to garner a revenue aggregate of US$ 73.1 billion in 2009-10 as compared to US$ 69.4 billion in 2008-09, growing at a rate of over 5 per cent. The report predicts that the Indian IT-BPO revenues may reach US$ 225 billion in 2020. According to DIT, the Indian software and services exports is expected to reach US$ 49.7 billion in 2009-10 as compared to US$ 47.1 billion in 200809, registering an increase of 5.5 per cent in dollar terms. Further, the IT services exports is estimated to grow from US$ 25.8 billion in 2008-09 to US$ 27.3 billion in 2009-10, showing a growth of 5.8 per cent. Moreover, according to a study by Springboard Research published in February 2010, the Indian information technology (IT) market is expected to grow at around 15.5 per cent in 2010, on the back of growing investor confidence and favourable initiatives taken by the government. The data centre services market in the country is forecast to grow at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 22.7 per cent between 2009 and 2011, to touch close to US$ 2.2 billion by the end of 2011, according to research firm IDC India's report published in March 2010. The IDC India report stated that the overall India data centre services market in 2009 was estimated at US$ 1.39 billion. As per a report by the Internet and Mobile Association of India (IAMAI) and market research firm IMRB, the total number of Internet users in India reached 71 million in 2009. The number of active users increased to 52 million in September 2009 from 42 million in September 2008, registering a growth of 19 per cent year-on-year, stated the report.

According to IDC India, during January-March 2010, total PC sales in India reached 2,240,000 units registering a year-on-year increase of 33 per cent over the same period in 2009. Desktop PC sales witnessed a year-on-year increase of 18 per cent during January-March 2010, over the corresponding period last year to reach 1,436,000 units. The sales of Notebook computers also increased by 72 per cent year-on-year, clocking 803,000 shipments. Outsourcing India is a preferred destination for companies looking to offshore their IT and back-office functions. It also retains its low-cost advantage and is a financially attractive location when viewed in combination with the business environment it offers and the availability of skilled people. Some big deals in the outsourcing space include: Wipro Ltd, an IT services company, has entered into a strategic collaboration with Hitachi Data Systems, to offer co-branded products and services on Hitachi Technology in India. Software company, Tata Consultancy Services (TCS) has won a multi-year outsourcing contract from Norway-based telecom company, Telenor Norway to provide application maintenance and development services. HCL Technologies has entered into a five-year IT infrastructure outsourcing deal with Singapore Exchange (SGX) for US$ 110 million. The company has also won a US$ 500 million strategic IT outsourcing contract from USbased drug manufacturer, Merck Sharp and Dohme (MSD). Computer services firm, Mahindra Satyam has signed a four-year offshore contract with Denmark-based IT company, KMD for US$ 48 million. Software exporter Patni Computer Systems won a five-year IT and backoffice contract potentially worth around US$ 200 million from US-based health insurance provider Universal American. Domestic Markets

The market for enterprise networking equipment in India is estimated to grow from US$ 1 billion in 2008 to US$ 1.7 billion by 2012, recording a compounded annual growth rate (CAGR) of 15 per cent during this period, according to a study by Springboard Research titled Epicenter of Growth Indian Enterprise Networking Equipment Market Report' released in December 2009. Investments Between April 2000 and March 2010, the computer software and hardware sector received cumulative foreign direct investment (FDI) of US$ 9,872.49 million, according to the Department of Industrial Policy and Promotion. The total investments of EMC Corporation, a leading global player of information infrastructure solutions in India, will touch US$ 2 billion (over US$ 2.01 billion) by 2014. Syntel, an IT company, plans to invest around US$ 50 million in its global development centre in Chennai. Russian IT security software provider, Kaspersky Lab, will be investing US$ 2 million in its India operations at Hyderabad during the next financial year. Government Initiatives The government has constituted the Technical Advisory Group for Unique Projects (TAGUP) under the chairmanship of Nandan Nilekani. The Group would develop IT infrastructure in five key areas, which includes the New Pension System (NPS) and the Goods and Services Tax (GST) The government set up the National Taskforce on Information Technology and Software Development with the objective of framing a long term National IT Policy for the country Enactment of the Information Technology Act, which provides a legal framework to facilitate electronic commerce and electronic transactions . Government is also setting up Information Technology Investment Regions (ITIRs). These regions would be endowed with excellent infrastructure and

would reap the benefits of co-siting, networking and greater efficiency through use of common infrastructure and support services Moreover, according to NASSCOM government, IT spend was US$ 3.2 billion in 2009 and is expected to reach US$ 5.4 billion by 2011. Further, according to NASSCOM, there is US$ 9 billion business opportunity in egovernance in India. Road Ahead The Indian information technology sector continues to be one of the sunshine sectors of the Indian economy showing rapid growth and promise. According to a report prepared by McKinsey for NASSCOM called 'Perspective 2020: Transform Business, Transform India' released in May 2009, the exports component of the Indian industry is expected to reach US$ 175 billion in revenue by 2020. The domestic component will contribute US$ 50 billion in revenue by 2020. Together, the export and domestic markets are likely to bring in US$ 225 billion in revenue, as new opportunities emerge in areas such as public sector and healthcare and as geographies including Brazil, Russia, China and Japan opt for greater outsourcing.

CURRENT TRENDS AND TECHNOLOGIES

TRENDS IN IT SECTOR :Reflects the combination of three key technologies: digital computing, data storage, and the ability to transmit digital signals through telecommunications networks. Rapid changes in semiconductor technology, information storage, and networking, combined with advances in software, have enabled new applications, cost reductions, and the widespread diffusion of IT. The expanding array of applications makes IT more useful and further fuels the expansion of IT.

Semiconductor Technology Enormous improvements in the performance of integrated circuits and cost reductions brought about by rapid miniaturization have driven much of the advances in IT. A related trend is the migration of computing into other devices and equipment. This is not a new trendautomobiles have been major users of microprocessors since the late 1970sbut as semiconductor chips become more powerful and less expensive, they are becoming increasingly ubiquitous. Also, new capabilities are being added to chips. These include micro electromechanical systems (MEMs), such as sensors and actuators, and digital signal processors that enable cost reductions and extend IT into new types of devices. Examples of MEM devices include ink-jet printer cartridges, hard disk drive heads, accelerometers that deploy car airbags, and chemical and environmental sensors. Trends toward improvements in microelectronics and MEMs are expected to continue

Information Storage Disk drives and other forms of information storage reflect similar improvements in cost and performance. Due to which, the amount of

information in digital form has expanded greatly. Estimates of the amount of original information (excluding copies and reproductions) suggest that information on disk drives now constitutes the majority of information. Computers, reflecting the improvements in their components, have shown similar dramatic improvements in performance. Due to improvements in semiconductors, storage, and other components, price declines in computers (adjusted for quality) have actually accelerated since 1995. Networking The third trend is the growth of networks. Computers are increasingly connected in networks, including LAN and WAN. Many early commercial computer networks, such as those used by ATMs and airline reservation systems, used proprietary systems that required specialized software or hardware (or both). Increasingly, organizations are using open-standard, Internet-based systems for networks.As people have been able to interconnect and share information with each other, the value of IT has increased. The growth in networking has been enabled by rapid advances in optical networking. In 1990, a single optical fiber could transmit about 1 billion bits per second; by 2000, a single fiber could transmit nearly 1 trillion bits per second The growth in networking is best illustrated by the rapid growth of the Internet. Worldwide, there were nearly 100 million Internet hostscomputers connected to the Internet. Networking is evolving in several ways: more people and devices are becoming connected to the network, the speed and capacity of connections are increasing, and more people are obtaining wireless connections.

Technologies:

:OVERALL COMMUNICATION CONCEPTS WITH A LARGE MINISTRY

MARKET STRUCTURE
TOP IT COMPANIES IN INDIA: The Indian IT market is characterized by the presence of various it companies,including: Today the software industry has become the backbone of companies around the world. With technology advancing in leaps and bounds, there is no stopping IT professionals from around the world to bridge the gap between huge untapped markets and its customers, as well as creating an opportunity for innovation.

The companies that dominate the software industry are those which look out for these opportunities and provide instant solutions. The Indian software industry has arrived, and the companies that are dominating this industry, based on their turnovers, are: Rank Names Sales (in Rs mill) TCS LIMITED 97,272 INFOSYS TECHNOLOGIES LIMITED 82,330 WIPRO LIMITED 71,297 TECH MAHINDRA 35,209 HCL TECHNOLOGIES LTD. 11,386 PATNI COMPUTER SERVICES 9,743 I-FLEX LIMITED 8,074 MPHASIS BFL LIMITED 7,657 PEROT SYSTEMS TSI(I) LTD. 5,670

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

10

L & T INFOTECH LTD.

3,984

Sales
TCS LTD. INFOSYS TECH LTD. WIPRO LTD. TECH MAH HCL TECH LTD. PATNI COMP SERVICES I-FLEX LTD. MPHASIS BFL LTD. PEROT SYS. LTD. L & T INFO LTD.

Continue with its favoured status and dominance over the software industry in India. Though when it comes to the most respected company of India, among the pool of all industries, it is no real surprise that Infosys Technologies Limited is number one, with its reputed work ethic and social responsibility factor. TCS is the largest software services company in Asia, ahead of other Indian software service providers like Infosys and Wipro. Earlier, it became the first Indian software company to cross the coveted US$ 1 billion revenue mark. The company has a wide range of offerings and caters to industries like banking, insurance and financial services (41% of revenues), manufacturing (17%), telecom, (15%) and retail (7%). TCS was one of the pioneers of the much-acclaimed global delivery model and the same has helped it to post good results in the past and will help with future achievements as well.

 The software industry has become a part of everyday life, be it providing solutions for business or entertainment. Ample opportunity does not ensure that the companies listed in the top. These companies have one thing in common; they offer a variety of services. These services range from consultancy services to Business Process Outsourcing (BPO) units to customized solutions in the IT domain. With TCS Ltd featuring in lots of major deals during the year 2005, it will probably ten will remain there as tough competition from the everincreasing number of software companies can completely alter the list. There are organizations like Visual soft Technologies Limited, Tata Elxis Limited and Geometric Software Solutions Co. Ltd waiting in the wings. The key to survival in this industry is providing solutions a click away and creating and inventing products before someone else does.

SWOT ANALYSIS OF IT SECTOR:Strengths : High Quality & Price Performance: Quality is the hallmark of Indian I.T. software and, services. ISO 9000 certification and SEI Level 5 are the order of the day. High quality knowledge workers and attractive price performance have been and will continue to be a key component of India's value proposition. Large Pool of Knowledge Workers: The basic raw material for any software development activity or a dotcom start up is the availability of quality knowledge workers. India's main competitive advantage is its abundant, high-quality and cost effective human resources. State-of-the-art Technologies: A majority of Indian software companies use state-of-the-art technologies, including the latest in client-networking, E-commerce, Internet, ASP, CASE tools, communication software, ATM, protocols, GUI etc. Flexibility and Adaptability: Indian software professionals easily adapt themselves to new technologies. In the software industry, where technological obsolescence is the order of the day, flexibility to adapt to new technologies a major strength. Reliability: Software programmers from India are able to provide expertise for all or large projects with dollar savings. The motto is ultimate adherence delivery schedules and customer satisfaction . Large Projects: Indian companies increasingly large numbers are demonstrating their ability to handle large projects (more than 500700 man- ears), including turnkey projects. High Growth: Software exports as well as the domestic demand in the last few years has been consistently growing at annual growth rate of about 50 percent. Engineering Base: A strong base of national institutes, engineering college and universities has laid a strong foundation of education in engineering skills amongst Indian software professionals. The IITs

(Indian Institute of Information Technology) in various cities are the new institutions to join the bandwagon. High Aspirations: The Indian IT software and services industry has set itself higher aspirations and goals. Th recent aspiration is to reach annual revenues of U.S.$ 87 billion by 2008 (from a level of U.S.$3.9 billion during 1998 99), achieve 100 percent literacy, more, employment and entrepreneurship opportunities Government Encouragement: Since 1999 the Government of India has accorded thrust area status to the software sector. The Government has amended the Copyright Law to make it one of the toughest in the world; eliminated import duty on computer software; exempted profits derived from software exports from Income Tax etc. The Government of India has also set up innovative scheme like Software Technology Parks, etc., for promoting software exports. Infrastructure: A growing number of State Governments and cities are building hi-tech buildings and habitats to accommodate the ever increasing numbers of software companies and enterprises. These are in the form of intelligent habitats and buildings and include infrastructural support like high- class value-added data communication services, captive power, recreational facilities, etc. Global Research & Development: More and more multinationals are setting up their global R&D units in India, recognising the immense power of local talent.

Weaknesses :-. Lack of Domestic Computerisation: Lack of adequate computerisation has led to a relatively weak domestic software market. Even, the PC penetration rate is very low. Lack of Internet Penetration: With low penetration of PCs, it is obvious that Internet penetration is also poor. At the end of the year 1999, India could only boast of 6,10,000 Internet connections with about 2.1 million users. The recently announced Internet Service Provider policy is expected to improve the situation. Original Technology: The Indian software industry possesses the expertise to absorb and use the latest technology. However, barring a

few exceptions, it has still not produced enough original technology breakthroughs. . Mission Critical Real Time Operations: Some of the leading companies in India have handled software development for mission critical real time operations. However, the industry as a whole does not have much experience in this field. Project Management Skills: As the Indian software industry has been growing at a fast rate, most of the project managers are becoming entrepreneurs, thus creating a gap in demand and supply of project management skills. Localisation: With the exception of isolated cases, not much exists in providing software applications in innumerable local languages. Thus, computer penetration in India is restricted to merely the English speaking population. Opportunities : Global Market: The market is large and rapidly changing-from a mix of legacy client server to web / package-based services. Market openings are emerging across I.T. services, software products, I.T. enabled services and E-businesses, and creating a number of new opportunities for Indian companies. Domestic Demand: The corporate, government and consumer sector of the Indian domestic market offers a U.S.$ 18 billion opportunity by 2008 to software and services companies. Outsourcing: The global outsourcing business was worth U.S.$ 77 billion in 1997 and has been growing at the rate of 15-18 percent per annum. A recent survey indicates that by 2002, more than 59 percent of the Fortune 1000 companies and other multinationals will outsource some part of their application development and maintenance activities. India can gain and corner a greater marketplace. E-Commerce/E-Business: India not only has a huge opportunity to service this market but also has a unique opportunity to address the needs of the NRI community around the world. Overseas Listings: India today commands a very high respect among investors in India and overseas. Almost all major overseas

stock exchanges -are keen for Indian software companies to list themselves on their respective exchanges. This is a major opportunity for the Indian software industry to attract the requisite investments. Internet Service Provider (ISP) Policy: The recent permission to allow private ISP's operate in India and set up their own gateways will unprecedented Internet proliferation throughout India.

Threats : Government Interference: In the past decade, the Government and industry have worked very well together in India for the success of the I.T. software and services industry. Now the Government's role needs to be increasingly directed towards providing suitable infrastructure and continuing its role in the simplification of policies. Telecom Infrastructure: The immediate need of the hour in India is to have a world class telecom infrastructure at globally competitive tariffs. The Department of Telecommunications has taken a number of initiatives including the National Telecommunication Backbone, National Internet Backbone, and plans for providing high bandwidth Internet connectivity to remote corners of India. Lack of Speed: The world is moving at the speed of Internet. The decision- making and time taken for implementation in India needs to be at a much faster pace so that the Indian I.T. software and services industry does not lose any opportunities. Infrastructure: Although, the software industry is growing at a phenomenal rate, many other sectors in India have not yet been able to keep pace with it. Lately, almost all major cities are building hi-tech buildings to house the software industry. These buildings have stateof-art infrastructure, data communication facilities, captive power etc. But, lack of power, highways, housing and international airports is some cities has become a major constraint. Cost: Rising cost of infrastructure, basic amenities and salaries can pose a threat if not adequately balanced with value addition.

Market share

In India, the IT Software segment has seen significant growth and has put India on the global map. It contributes for almost 75% of the total revenues of the IT sector. Though Hardware enjoys second place in terms of market share in India, it is quite low as compared to global benchmark. The BPO segment has grown well and is expected to make a footprint in the IT Sector

Top five players of it sector Tata consultancy services (tcs)

Tata Consultancy Services Limited (TCS) is a global IT services, business solutions and outsourcing company headquartered in Mumbai,india and a subsidiary of the Tata group conglomerate. It is the second-largest India-based provider of business process outsourcing services. TCS has been ranked #20 in the list of top companies of India, by Fortune india 500 magazine. It is the largest technology service company in India by revenue and market capitalization TCS has 142 offices across over 47 countries and generates around 30 per cent of India's IT exports.

Balance sheet of tcs

Tata Consultancy Services
Balance Sheet Mar '11 12 mths Sources Of Funds Total Share Capital Equity Share Capital Share Application Money Preference Share Capital Reserves Revaluation Reserves Networth Secured Loans Unsecured Loans Total Debt Total Liabilities 295.72 195.72 0.00 100.00 19,283.77 0.00 19,579.49 35.87 5.25 41.12 19,620.61 Mar '11 12 mths Application Of Funds Gross Block Less: Accum. Depreciation Net Block Capital Work in Progress Investments Inventories Sundry Debtors 6,030.16 2,607.98 3,422.18 1,345.37 5,795.49 5.37 4,806.67 4,871.21 2,110.69 2,760.52 940.72 7,893.39 6.78 3,332.30 4,359.24 1,690.16 2,669.08 685.13 5,936.03 16.95 3,717.73 3,240.64 1,300.11 1,940.53 889.74 4,509.33 17.19 3,747.01 2,315.36 854.75 1,460.61 757.85 3,252.04 12.06 2,799.80 295.72 195.72 0.00 100.00 14,820.90 0.00 15,116.62 29.25 6.49 35.74 15,152.36 Mar '10 12 mths 197.86 97.86 0.00 100.00 13,248.39 0.00 13,446.25 32.63 7.74 40.37 13,486.62 Mar '09 12 mths 197.86 97.86 0.00 100.00 10,806.95 0.00 11,004.81 9.27 8.98 18.25 11,023.06 Mar '08 12 mths 97.86 97.86 0.00 0.00 7,961.13 0.00 8,058.99 41.76 8.98 50.74 8,109.73 Mar '07 12 mths ------------------- in Rs. Cr. ------------------Mar '10 12 mths Mar '09 12 mths Mar '08 12 mths Mar '07 12 mths

Cash and Bank Balance Total Current Assets Loans and Advances Fixed Deposits Total CA, Loans & Advances Deffered Credit Current Liabilities Provisions Total CL & Provisions Net Current Assets Miscellaneous Expenses Total Assets Contingent Liabilities Book Value (Rs)

224.77 5,036.81 5,063.51 5,379.75 15,480.07 0.00 3,932.39 2,490.11 6,422.50 9,057.57 0.00 19,620.61 3,938.76 99.53

212.31 3,551.39 4,101.84 3,183.85 10,837.08 0.00 3,352.74 3,926.61 7,279.35 3,557.73 0.00 15,152.36 3,292.50 76.72

479.93 4,214.61 3,910.85 1,125.33 9,250.79 0.00 3,604.18 1,450.23 5,054.41 4,196.38 0.00 13,486.62 2,924.33 136.38

402.24 4,166.44 3,104.74 125.28 7,396.46 0.00 2,525.56 1,187.44 3,713.00 3,683.46 0.00 11,023.06 2,726.11 111.43

314.66 3,126.52 1,925.74 242.48 5,294.74 0.00 1,750.46 905.05 2,655.51 2,639.23 0.00 8,109.73 3,003.25 82.35

Profit and loss account

Profit & Loss account Mar '11 12 mths Income Sales Turnover Excise Duty Net Sales Other Income Stock Adjustments Total Income Expenditure Raw Materials Power & Fuel Cost Employee Cost Other Manufacturing Expenses Selling and Admin Expenses Miscellaneous Expenses Preoperative Exp Capitalised Total Expenses 29,275.41 0.00 29,275.41 486.44 -0.87 29,760.98 17.75 240.00 10,190.31 8,135.57 1,097.52 821.57 0.00 20,502.72 Mar '11 12 mths 23,044.84 0.39 23,044.45 182.10 -1.38 23,225.17 23.75 183.62 7,882.43 6,446.99 1,268.03 571.08 0.00 16,375.90 Mar '10 12 mths 22,404.00 2.08 22,401.92 -456.24 1.73 21,947.41 53.67 164.34 7,370.09 6,947.60 1,218.41 628.71 0.00 16,382.82 Mar '09 12 mths 18,536.55 2.83 18,533.72 440.45 -0.04 18,974.13 45.81 135.57 6,015.19 5,687.82 991.43 632.25 0.00 13,508.07 Mar '08 12 mths 14,942.09 2.12 14,939.97 216.04 -2.79 15,153.22 22.02 93.89 6,186.85 3,095.82 765.08 472.04 0.00 10,635.70 Mar '07 12 mths ------------------- in Rs. Cr. ------------------Mar '10 12 mths Mar '09 12 mths Mar '08 12 mths Mar '07 12 mths

Operating Profit PBDIT Interest PBDT Depreciation Other Written Off Profit Before Tax Extra-ordinary items PBT (Post Extra-ord Items) Tax Reported Net Profit Total Value Addition Preference Dividend Equity Dividend Corporate Dividend Tax Per share data (annualised) Shares in issue (lakhs) Earning Per Share (Rs) Equity Dividend (%) Book Value (Rs)

8,771.82 9,258.26 20.01 9,238.25 537.82 0.00 8,700.43 0.00 8,700.43 1,130.44 7,569.99 20,484.97 11.00 2,740.10 450.82 19,572.21 38.62 1,400.00 99.53

6,667.17 6,849.27 9.54 6,839.73 469.35 0.00 6,370.38 -13.98 6,356.40 737.89 5,618.51 16,352.15 17.00 3,914.43 657.51 19,572.21 28.62 2,000.00 76.72

6,020.83 5,564.59 7.44 5,557.15 417.46 0.00 5,139.69 -103.11 5,036.58 340.37 4,696.21 16,329.15 7.00 1,370.05 234.02 9,786.10 47.92 1,400.00 136.38

5,025.61 5,466.06 3.42 5,462.64 458.78 0.00 5,003.86 -37.52 4,966.34 457.58 4,508.76 13,462.26 0.08 1,370.05 232.85 9,786.10 46.07 1,400.00 111.43

4,301.48 4,517.52 3.43 4,514.09 343.41 0.00 4,170.68 -2.59 4,168.09 410.80 3,757.29 10,613.68 0.00 1,125.39 169.48 9,786.10 38.39 1,150.00 82.35

Cash flows
Cash Flow Mar '11 12 mths Net Profit Before Tax Net Cash From Operating Activities Net Cash (used in)/from Investing Activities Net Cash (used in)/from Financing Activities Net (decrease)/increase In Cash and Cash Equivalents Opening Cash & Cash Equivalents Closing Cash & Cash Equivalents 8700.43 5741.28 -863.16 -4605.61 283.90 293.28 577.18 ------------------- in Rs. Cr. ------------------Mar '10 12 mths 6370.38 6264.74 -4556.64 -1969.65 -261.55 554.83 293.28 Mar '09 12 mths 5139.68 4874.12 -3162.22 -1588.25 123.65 417.00 540.65 Mar '08 12 mths 5003.86 3827.91 -2404.90 -1424.77 -29.62 557.14 527.52 Mar '07 12 mths 4170.68 3551.26 -2076.42 -1075.35 385.97 171.17 557.14

Financial ratios
Key Financial Ratios

Mar '11 Investment Valuation Ratios Face Value 1.00

Mar '10

Mar '09

Mar '08

Mar '07

1.00

1.00

1.00

1.00

Dividend Per Share Operating Profit Per Share (Rs) Net Operating Profit Per Share (Rs) Free Reserves Per Share (Rs) Bonus in Equity Capital Profitability Ratios Operating Profit Margin(%) Profit Before Interest And Tax Margin(%) Gross Profit Margin(%) Cash Profit Margin(%) Adjusted Cash Margin(%) Net Profit Margin(%) Adjusted Net Profit Margin(%) Return On Capital Employed(%) Return On Net Worth(%) Adjusted Return on Net Worth(%) Return on Assets Excluding Revaluations Return on Assets Including Revaluations Return on Long Term Funds(%) Liquidity And Solvency Ratios Current Ratio Quick Ratio Debt Equity Ratio Long Term Debt Equity Ratio Debt Coverage Ratios Interest Cover Total Debt to Owners Fund Financial Charges Coverage Ratio Financial Charges Coverage Ratio Post Tax Management Efficiency Ratios Inventory Turnover Ratio Debtors Turnover Ratio Investments Turnover Ratio Fixed Assets Turnover Ratio Total Assets Turnover Ratio Asset Turnover Ratio Average Raw Material Holding Average Finished Goods Held Number of Days In Working Capital Profit & Loss Account Ratios Material Cost Composition Imported Composition of Raw Materials Consumed Selling Distribution Cost Composition

14.00 44.82 149.58 97.95 79.65 29.96 27.67 28.12 27.21 27.21 25.44 25.44 44.38 38.80 38.74 99.53 99.53 44.38 2.41 2.40 0.01 0.01 435.25 0.01 462.13 406.19

20.00 34.06 117.74 75.24 79.65 28.93 26.62 26.89 26.44 26.44 24.13 24.13 42.46 37.30 37.75 76.72 76.72 42.46 1.49 1.48 0.01 0.01 674.43 0.01 723.63 639.14

14.00 61.52 228.92 134.37 59.30 26.87 24.75 25.01 26.09 26.09 20.74 20.74 43.27 35.13 41.06 136.38 136.38 43.27 1.83 1.83 0.01 0.01 784.41 0.01 840.52 688.32

14.00 51.35 189.39 110.22 59.30 27.11 24.42 24.64 25.29 25.29 24.11 24.11 42.92 41.34 39.16 111.43 111.43 42.96 1.98 1.97 0.01 0.01 1,383.58 0.01 1,517.73 1,453.50

11.50 43.95 152.67 80.25 59.30 28.79 26.34 29.17 27.29 26.44 25.00 24.15 49.87 46.62 45.04 82.35 82.35 50.12 1.93 1.98 0.01 -1,179.14 0.01 1,279.26 1,196.54

5,451.66 7.19 5,451.66 4.91 1.50 4.91 92.90 0.01 111.38 0.06 80.35 0.05

3,398.94 6.54 3,398.94 4.74 1.52 4.74 72.97 0.04 55.58 0.10 78.67 0.03

1,321.77 6.00 1,321.77 5.15 1.66 5.15 93.98 0.07 67.44 0.23 79.74 0.09

1,137.21 5.66 1,137.21 5.74 1.68 5.74 98.28 0.03 71.55 0.24 80.43 0.14

1,245.97 5.83 1,412.30 8.20 1.85 6.49 144.33 0.05 63.60 0.14 70.79 0.20

Expenses as Composition of Total Sales Cash Flow Indicator Ratios Dividend Payout Ratio Net Profit Dividend Payout Ratio Cash Profit Earning Retention Ratio Cash Earning Retention Ratio AdjustedCash Flow Times

91.08

92.38

93.01

90.51

92.38

42.21 39.40 57.73 60.54 0.01 Mar '11

81.61 75.30 19.37 25.53 0.01 Mar '10 28.62 76.72

34.20 31.41 70.74 72.81 0.01 Mar '09 47.92 136.38

35.55 32.26 62.47 66.11 0.00 Mar '08 46.07 111.43

34.46 31.57 64.34 67.42 0.01 Mar '07 38.39 82.35

Earnings Per Share Book Value

38.62 99.53

Liquidity position Current ratio :

Current ratio of Tata consultancy services (tcs) has been increasing from year to year.It was 1.93 in 2007,whereas it is 2.41 in 2011. So,companys liquidity position is very sound

Long term financial position Debt equity ratio :This ratio is the most significant solvency ratio. It matches debt with equity. It tells about debt paying capacity of the concern. Normally 1:1 ratio ensures good equity cushion. Anything more will means less security, more of uncertainty for the debt. Here the Debt-equity ratio is constant since last five years that means that the equity share have more hold in the companys ownership. Here the debt-equity ratio is just 0.01 i.e. debt is just 1% of total equity of the company. Hence the companys long tem financial position is good but it become more sound if more debentures will be issued by the company.

Infosys technologies ltd.

Infosys Limited formally Infosys Technologies is an Indian global technology services company headquartered in Banglore, India. Infosys is ranked #27 in the list of top companies of india in Fortune india 500 list in 2011. It has offices in 29 countries and development centers in India, US, China, Australia, UK, Canada, Japan and many other countries.Infosys has 64 offices and 68 development centres in India and abroad and 1,45,088 employees of 85 nationalities as on December 31, 2011. Infosys provides business consulting, technology, engineering and outsourcing services to help clients in over 30 countries.

Balance sheet of infosys

Infosys
Balance Sheet Mar '11 12 mths Sources Of Funds Total Share Capital Equity Share Capital Share Application Money Preference Share Capital Reserves Revaluation Reserves Networth Secured Loans Unsecured Loans Total Debt Total Liabilities 287.00 287.00 0.00 0.00 24,214.00 0.00 24,501.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 24,501.00 Mar '11 12 mths Application Of Funds Gross Block Less: Accum. Depreciation Net Block Capital Work in Progress Investments 6,934.00 2,878.00 4,056.00 499.00 1,325.00 6,357.00 2,578.00 3,779.00 409.00 4,636.00 5,986.00 2,187.00 3,799.00 615.00 1,005.00 4,508.00 1,837.00 2,671.00 1,260.00 964.00 3,889.00 1,739.00 2,150.00 957.00 839.00 287.00 287.00 0.00 0.00 21,749.00 0.00 22,036.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 22,036.00 Mar '10 12 mths 286.00 286.00 0.00 0.00 17,523.00 0.00 17,809.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 17,809.00 Mar '09 12 mths 286.00 286.00 0.00 0.00 13,204.00 0.00 13,490.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 13,490.00 Mar '08 12 mths 286.00 286.00 0.00 0.00 10,876.00 0.00 11,162.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 11,162.00 Mar '07 12 mths ------------------- in Rs. Cr. ------------------Mar '10 12 mths Mar '09 12 mths Mar '08 12 mths Mar '07 12 mths

Inventories Sundry Debtors Cash and Bank Balance Total Current Assets Loans and Advances Fixed Deposits Total CA, Loans & Advances Deffered Credit Current Liabilities Provisions Total CL & Provisions Net Current Assets Miscellaneous Expenses Total Assets Contingent Liabilities Book Value (Rs)

0.00 4,212.00 641.00 4,853.00 5,273.00 13,024.00 23,150.00 0.00 2,056.00 2,473.00 4,529.00 18,621.00 0.00 24,501.00 1,013.00 426.73

0.00 3,244.00 929.00 4,173.00 4,201.00 8,868.00 17,242.00 0.00 1,995.00 2,035.00 4,030.00 13,212.00 0.00 22,036.00 295.00 384.02

0.00 3,390.00 805.00 4,195.00 3,303.00 8,234.00 15,732.00 0.00 1,544.00 1,798.00 3,342.00 12,390.00 0.00 17,809.00 347.00 310.90

0.00 3,093.00 657.00 3,750.00 2,804.00 5,772.00 12,326.00 0.00 1,483.00 2,248.00 3,731.00 8,595.00 0.00 13,490.00 603.00 235.84

0.00 2,292.00 680.00 2,972.00 1,241.00 4,827.00 9,040.00 0.00 1,162.00 662.00 1,824.00 7,216.00 0.00 11,162.00 670.00 195.41

Profit and loss account

Profit & Loss account Mar '11 12 mths Income Sales Turnover Excise Duty Net Sales Other Income Stock Adjustments Total Income Expenditure Raw Materials Power & Fuel Cost Employee Cost Other Manufacturing Expenses Selling and Admin Expenses Miscellaneous Expenses Preoperative Exp Capitalised Total Expenses 25,385.00 0.00 25,385.00 1,147.00 0.00 26,532.00 23.00 0.00 12,464.00 2,613.00 1,834.00 36.00 0.00 16,970.00 Mar '11 12 mths 21,140.00 0.00 21,140.00 967.00 0.00 22,107.00 22.00 0.00 10,356.00 1,993.00 992.00 415.00 0.00 13,778.00 Mar '10 12 mths 20,264.00 0.00 20,264.00 502.00 0.00 20,766.00 20.00 125.00 9,975.00 1,697.00 1,367.00 172.00 0.00 13,356.00 Mar '09 12 mths 15,648.00 0.00 15,648.00 683.00 0.00 16,331.00 18.00 106.00 7,771.00 1,443.00 1,214.00 132.00 0.00 10,684.00 Mar '08 12 mths 13,149.00 0.00 13,149.00 379.00 0.00 13,528.00 22.00 88.00 6,316.00 1,290.00 1,050.53 156.47 0.00 8,923.00 Mar '07 12 mths ------------------- in Rs. Cr. ------------------Mar '10 12 mths Mar '09 12 mths Mar '08 12 mths Mar '07 12 mths

Operating Profit PBDIT Interest PBDT Depreciation Other Written Off Profit Before Tax Extra-ordinary items PBT (Post Extra-ord Items) Tax Reported Net Profit Total Value Addition Preference Dividend Equity Dividend Corporate Dividend Tax Per share data (annualised) Shares in issue (lakhs) Earning Per Share (Rs) Equity Dividend (%) Book Value (Rs)

8,415.00 9,562.00 1.00 9,561.00 740.00 0.00 8,821.00 0.00 8,821.00 2,378.00 6,443.00 16,947.00 0.00 3,445.00 568.00 5,741.52 112.22 1,200.00 426.73

7,362.00 8,329.00 2.00 8,327.00 807.00 0.00 7,520.00 0.00 7,520.00 1,717.00 5,803.00 13,756.00 0.00 1,434.00 240.00 5,738.25 101.13 500.00 384.02

6,908.00 7,410.00 2.00 7,408.00 694.00 0.00 6,714.00 -1.00 6,713.00 895.00 5,819.00 13,336.00 0.00 1,345.00 228.00 5,728.30 101.58 470.00 310.90

4,964.00 5,647.00 1.00 5,646.00 546.00 0.00 5,100.00 0.00 5,100.00 630.00 4,470.00 10,666.00 0.00 1,902.00 323.00 5,719.96 78.15 665.00 235.84

4,226.00 4,605.00 1.00 4,604.00 469.00 0.00 4,135.00 -5.00 4,130.00 352.00 3,783.00 8,901.00 0.00 649.00 102.00 5,712.10 66.23 230.00 195.41

Cash flows
Cash Flow Mar '11 12 mths Net Profit Before Tax Net Cash From Operating Activities Net Cash (used in)/from Investing Activities Net Cash (used in)/from Financing Activities Net (decrease)/increase In Cash and Cash Equivalents Opening Cash & Cash Equivalents Closing Cash & Cash Equivalents 8821.00 4270.00 3235.00 -3642.00 3868.00 11297.00 15165.00 ------------------- in Rs. Cr. ------------------Mar '10 12 mths 7472.00 5876.00 -3314.00 -1486.00 1008.00 10289.00 11297.00 Mar '09 12 mths 6714.00 5152.00 -195.00 -2430.00 2600.00 7689.00 10289.00 Mar '08 12 mths 5100.00 3816.00 -978.00 -777.00 2079.00 5610.00 7689.00 Mar '07 12 mths 4129.00 3256.00 -1065.00 -316.00 1871.00 3779.00 5650.00

Financial ratios
Key Financial Ratios

Mar '11 Investment Valuation Ratios Face Value 5.00

Mar '10

Mar '09

Mar '08

Mar '07

5.00

5.00

5.00

5.00

Dividend Per Share Operating Profit Per Share (Rs) Net Operating Profit Per Share (Rs) Free Reserves Per Share (Rs) Bonus in Equity Capital Profitability Ratios Operating Profit Margin(%) Profit Before Interest And Tax Margin(%) Gross Profit Margin(%) Cash Profit Margin(%) Adjusted Cash Margin(%) Net Profit Margin(%) Adjusted Net Profit Margin(%) Return On Capital Employed(%) Return On Net Worth(%) Adjusted Return on Net Worth(%) Return on Assets Excluding Revaluations Return on Assets Including Revaluations Return on Long Term Funds(%) Liquidity And Solvency Ratios Current Ratio Quick Ratio Debt Equity Ratio Long Term Debt Equity Ratio Debt Coverage Ratios Interest Cover Total Debt to Owners Fund Financial Charges Coverage Ratio Financial Charges Coverage Ratio Post Tax Management Efficiency Ratios Inventory Turnover Ratio Debtors Turnover Ratio Investments Turnover Ratio Fixed Assets Turnover Ratio Total Assets Turnover Ratio Asset Turnover Ratio Average Raw Material Holding Average Finished Goods Held Number of Days In Working Capital Profit & Loss Account Ratios Material Cost Composition Imported Composition of Raw Materials Consumed Selling Distribution Cost Composition

60.00 146.56 442.13 420.79 93.26 ----26.96 24.31 ---26.13 426.73 426.73 35.84 5.11 5.02 ----9,523.00 7,184.00

25.00 128.30 368.40 378.08 93.26 ----29.59 26.36 ---25.89 384.02 384.02 33.69 4.28 4.20 ----4,116.50 3,306.00

23.50 120.59 353.75 305.80 93.58 ----32.57 27.52 ---34.76 310.90 310.90 39.80 4.71 4.67 ----3,891.00 3,257.50

33.25 86.78 273.57 230.74 93.58 ----30.69 27.37 ---33.09 235.84 235.84 37.77 3.30 3.28 ----5,642.00 5,017.00

11.50 73.98 230.20 190.30 93.58 ----31.19 28.05 ---33.47 195.41 195.41 36.64 4.96 4.91 ----4,559.00 4,253.00

-6.81 ---3.67 --264.08 0.09 -0.12

-6.37 ---3.33 --224.99 0.10 -0.41

-6.25 ---3.39 --220.11 0.09 -0.40

-5.81 ---3.47 --197.74 0.11 -0.56

-6.90 ---3.38 --197.56 0.16 -0.47

Expenses as Composition of Total Sales Cash Flow Indicator Ratios Dividend Payout Ratio Net Profit Dividend Payout Ratio Cash Profit Earning Retention Ratio Cash Earning Retention Ratio AdjustedCash Flow Times

94.38

99.69

97.88

92.59

92.44

62.28 55.86 37.34 43.83 -Mar '11

28.84 25.32 70.67 74.31 -Mar '10 101.13 384.02

27.03 24.15 74.60 77.16 -Mar '09 101.58 310.90

49.77 44.35 50.17 55.60 -Mar '08 78.15 235.84

19.85 17.66 79.91 82.15 -Mar '07 66.23 195.41

Earnings Per Share Book Value

112.22 426.73

Liquidity position Current ratio :

Current ratio of Infosys technologies ltd. IT has been increasing from year to year.It was 4.96 in 2007,whereas it is 5.38 in 2011. So,companys liquidity position is very sound

Long term financial position Debt equity ratio :This ratio is the most significant solvency ratio. It matches debt with equity. It tells about debt paying capacity of the concern. Normally 1:1 ratio ensures good equity cushion. Anything more will means less security, more of uncertainty for the debt. Here the Debt-equity ratio is NILL since last five years that means that the equity share have more hold in the companys ownership.They dont rely on debentures.Hence the companys long tem financial position is good .

Wipro
Wipro Limited (formerly Western India Products Limited (Amalner)) is an Indian global IT services and consulting company headquartered in Banglore, india. As of 2012, Wipro is the second largest IT services company by turnover in India, employing about 120,000 people worldwide as of December 2011. It provides outsourced research and development, infrastructure outsourcing, business process outsourcing (BPO) and business consulting services. The company operates in three segments: IT Services, IT Products, Consumer Care and Lighting. It is 9th most valuable brand in India according to an annual survey conducted by Brand Finance and The Economic Times in 2010.

Balance sheet of wipro

Wipro
Balance Sheet Mar '11 12 mths Sources Of Funds Total Share Capital Equity Share Capital Share Application Money Preference Share Capital Reserves Revaluation Reserves Networth Secured Loans Unsecured Loans Total Debt Total Liabilities 490.80 490.80 0.70 0.00 20,829.40 0.00 21,320.90 0.00 4,744.10 4,744.10 26,065.00 Mar '11 12 mths Application Of Funds Gross Block Less: Accum. Depreciation Net Block Capital Work in Progress Investments Inventories Sundry Debtors Cash and Bank Balance Total Current Assets 7,779.30 3,542.30 4,237.00 603.10 10,813.40 724.90 5,781.30 2,334.20 8,840.40 6,761.30 3,105.00 3,656.30 991.10 8,966.50 606.90 5,016.40 1,938.30 7,561.60 5,743.30 2,563.70 3,179.60 1,311.80 6,895.30 459.60 4,446.40 1,902.10 6,808.10 2,282.20 0.00 2,282.20 1,335.00 4,500.10 448.10 3,646.60 3,732.10 7,826.80 1,645.90 0.00 1,645.90 989.50 4,348.70 240.40 2,582.30 1,849.20 4,671.90 293.60 293.60 1.80 0.00 17,396.80 0.00 17,692.20 0.00 5,530.20 5,530.20 23,222.40 Mar '10 12 mths 293.00 293.00 1.50 0.00 12,220.50 0.00 12,515.00 0.00 5,013.90 5,013.90 17,528.90 Mar '09 12 mths 292.30 292.30 58.00 0.00 11,260.40 0.00 11,610.70 4.00 3,818.40 3,822.40 15,433.10 Mar '08 12 mths 291.80 291.80 3.50 0.00 9,025.10 0.00 9,320.40 23.20 214.80 238.00 9,558.40 Mar '07 12 mths ------------------- in Rs. Cr. ------------------Mar '10 12 mths Mar '09 12 mths Mar '08 12 mths Mar '07 12 mths

Loans and Advances Fixed Deposits Total CA, Loans & Advances Deffered Credit Current Liabilities Provisions Total CL & Provisions Net Current Assets Miscellaneous Expenses Total Assets Contingent Liabilities Book Value (Rs)

6,756.80 2,869.10 18,466.30 0.00 5,290.00 2,764.80 8,054.80 10,411.50 0.00 26,065.00 707.30 86.86

5,425.90 3,726.00 16,713.50 0.00 4,874.20 2,230.80 7,105.00 9,608.50 0.00 23,222.40 778.00 120.49

4,202.00 2,507.10 13,517.20 0.00 5,564.30 1,810.70 7,375.00 6,142.20 0.00 17,528.90 1,045.40 85.42

4,231.30 0.00 12,058.10 0.00 3,361.60 1,380.70 4,742.30 7,315.80 0.00 15,433.10 749.90 79.05

1,666.50 0.00 6,338.40 0.00 2,998.90 765.20 3,764.10 2,574.30 0.00 9,558.40 661.60 63.86

Profit and loss account

Profit & Loss account Mar '11 12 mths Income Sales Turnover Excise Duty Net Sales Other Income Stock Adjustments Total Income Expenditure Raw Materials Power & Fuel Cost Employee Cost Other Manufacturing Expenses Selling and Admin Expenses Miscellaneous Expenses Preoperative Exp Capitalised Total Expenses 26,401.20 100.70 26,300.50 603.30 31.60 26,935.40 3,805.60 199.70 10,937.40 2,780.20 1,703.30 1,145.00 0.00 20,571.20 Mar '11 12 mths Operating Profit PBDIT Interest PBDT Depreciation Other Written Off 5,760.90 6,364.20 58.60 6,305.60 600.10 0.00 23,006.30 84.30 22,922.00 866.70 111.00 23,899.70 3,768.80 141.40 9,062.80 2,145.30 1,491.40 921.80 0.00 17,531.50 Mar '10 12 mths 5,501.50 6,368.20 99.80 6,268.40 579.60 0.00 21,612.80 105.50 21,507.30 -480.40 -3.80 21,023.10 3,438.80 154.00 9,249.80 1,687.80 1,523.00 691.40 0.00 16,744.80 Mar '09 12 mths 4,758.70 4,278.30 196.80 4,081.50 533.60 0.00 17,658.10 165.50 17,492.60 326.90 187.00 18,006.50 3,139.30 0.00 7,409.10 299.80 557.80 2,558.00 0.00 13,964.00 Mar '08 12 mths 3,715.60 4,042.50 116.80 3,925.70 456.00 0.00 13,758.50 74.60 13,683.90 288.70 86.30 14,058.90 1,975.30 0.00 5,768.20 120.50 27.60 2,624.10 0.00 10,515.70 Mar '07 12 mths 3,254.50 3,543.20 7.20 3,536.00 359.80 0.00 ------------------- in Rs. Cr. ------------------Mar '10 12 mths Mar '09 12 mths Mar '08 12 mths Mar '07 12 mths

Profit Before Tax Extra-ordinary items PBT (Post Extra-ord Items) Tax Reported Net Profit Total Value Addition Preference Dividend Equity Dividend Corporate Dividend Tax Per share data (annualised) Shares in issue (lakhs) Earning Per Share (Rs) Equity Dividend (%) Book Value (Rs)

5,705.50 0.00 5,705.50 861.80 4,843.70 16,765.60 490.80 981.80 220.40 24,544.09 17.74 200.00 86.86

5,688.80 0.00 5,688.80 790.80 4,898.00 13,762.70 0.00 880.90 128.30 14,682.11 33.36 300.00 120.49

3,547.90 0.00 3,547.90 574.10 2,973.80 13,306.00 0.00 586.00 99.60 14,649.81 20.30 200.00 85.42

3,469.70 0.00 3,469.70 406.40 3,063.30 10,824.70 0.00 876.50 148.90 14,615.00 20.96 300.00 79.05

3,176.20 0.00 3,176.20 334.10 2,842.10 8,540.40 0.00 873.70 126.80 14,590.00 19.48 300.00 63.86

Cash flows
Cash Flow Mar '11 12 mths Net Profit Before Tax Net Cash From Operating Activities Net Cash (used in)/from Investing Activities Net Cash (used in)/from Financing Activities Net (decrease)/increase In Cash and Cash Equivalents Opening Cash & Cash Equivalents Closing Cash & Cash Equivalents 5705.50 3710.50 -1474.00 -2732.60 -496.10 5699.40 5203.30 ------------------- in Rs. Cr. ------------------Mar '10 12 mths 5688.80 4477.40 -3064.60 -96.20 1316.60 4347.70 5664.30 Mar '09 12 mths 3547.90 4344.50 -3662.70 -70.70 611.10 3798.10 4409.20 Mar '08 12 mths 3469.70 715.90 -1127.50 2290.90 1879.30 1852.80 3732.10 Mar '07 12 mths 3176.20 2674.60 -1881.90 238.50 1031.20 818.00 1849.20

Financial ratios
Key Financial Ratios Mar '11 Investment Valuation Ratios Face Value Dividend Per Share Operating Profit Per Share (Rs) Net Operating Profit Per Share (Rs) Free Reserves Per Share (Rs) Bonus in Equity Capital 2.00 4.00 23.47 107.16 84.28 96.94 2.00 6.00 37.47 156.12 116.54 95.32 2.00 4.00 32.48 146.81 81.06 95.51 2.00 6.00 25.42 119.69 -95.68 2.00 6.00 22.31 93.79 -95.84

Mar '10

Mar '09

Mar '08

Mar '07

Profitability Ratios Operating Profit Margin(%) Profit Before Interest And Tax Margin(%) Gross Profit Margin(%) Cash Profit Margin(%) Adjusted Cash Margin(%) Net Profit Margin(%) Adjusted Net Profit Margin(%) Return On Capital Employed(%) Return On Net Worth(%) Adjusted Return on Net Worth(%) Return on Assets Excluding Revaluations Return on Assets Including Revaluations Return on Long Term Funds(%) Liquidity And Solvency Ratios Current Ratio Quick Ratio Debt Equity Ratio Long Term Debt Equity Ratio Debt Coverage Ratios Interest Cover Total Debt to Owners Fund Financial Charges Coverage Ratio Financial Charges Coverage Ratio Post Tax Management Efficiency Ratios Inventory Turnover Ratio Debtors Turnover Ratio Investments Turnover Ratio Fixed Assets Turnover Ratio Total Assets Turnover Ratio Asset Turnover Ratio Average Raw Material Holding Average Finished Goods Held Number of Days In Working Capital Profit & Loss Account Ratios Material Cost Composition Imported Composition of Raw Materials Consumed Selling Distribution Cost Composition Expenses as Composition of Total Sales Cash Flow Indicator Ratios Dividend Payout Ratio Net Profit Dividend Payout Ratio Cash Profit 21.90 19.14 19.62 20.40 20.40 17.96 17.96 22.34 20.41 20.69 86.86 86.86 27.20 1.45 2.20 0.22 -99.37 0.22 109.61 93.90 24.00 21.07 21.47 21.60 21.60 20.97 20.97 23.06 27.68 25.24 120.49 120.49 30.12 1.33 2.26 0.31 0.01 53.67 0.31 59.48 55.89 22.12 19.22 19.64 20.27 20.27 13.53 13.53 26.77 23.76 31.34 85.42 85.42 37.17 1.10 1.76 0.40 0.01 23.85 0.40 26.56 18.82 21.24 18.29 18.63 19.74 19.74 17.19 17.19 23.23 26.51 26.51 79.05 79.05 23.32 2.54 2.44 0.33 0.33 30.71 0.33 34.61 31.13 23.78 20.71 21.15 22.91 22.91 20.34 20.34 33.30 30.50 30.50 63.86 63.86 33.31 1.68 1.61 0.03 0.03 442.14 0.03 492.11 445.71

43.12 4.87 43.12 3.45 1.02 3.45 73.15 5.34 142.51 14.46 35.34 1.56 69.87

45.40 4.84 45.40 3.47 0.99 3.47 53.39 6.20 150.91 16.44 36.83 1.64 73.26

56.15 5.32 56.15 3.85 1.24 3.85 66.55 4.13 102.81 15.98 45.00 1.43 77.28

39.41 5.62 39.41 7.81 1.14 7.81 --150.56 17.94 -3.04 73.66

57.23 6.01 57.23 8.31 1.43 8.31 --67.73 14.43 --80.05

27.61 24.27

20.60 18.42

23.05 19.54

33.47 29.13

35.20 31.24

Earning Retention Ratio Cash Earning Retention Ratio AdjustedCash Flow Times

72.76 76.02 0.86 Mar '11

77.41 80.00 1.10

82.53 84.62 1.13

66.53 70.87 1.09

64.80 68.76 0.07

Mar '10 33.36 120.49

Mar '09 20.30 85.42

Mar '08 20.96 79.05

Mar '07 19.48 63.86

Earnings Per Share Book Value

17.74 86.86

Liquidity position Current ratio :

Current ratio of Wipro is quite fluctuating ,as it was 1.68 in 2007 .but then sudden increase in 2008(2.54),then decreases in 2009 to 1.10.But afterwards it increases year after year. So,companys liquidity position is very sound

Long term financial position Debt equity ratio :This ratio is the most significant solvency ratio. It matches debt with equity. It tells about debt paying capacity of the concern. Normally 1:1 ratio ensures good equity cushion. Anything more will means less security, more of uncertainty for the debt. Here the Debt-equity ratio is fluctuating since last five years.It was 0.03 in 2007,increased to some leve in 2009(0.40).But there is sudden decrease in 2011,as it is 0.22.so,companys long term financial position is quite fluctuating not very sound.

Tech Mahindra
Tech Mahindra Limited is an Indian provider of information technology (IT), networking technology solutions and business process outsourcing (BPO) services to the global telecommunications industry.Headquartered at Pune, India. It is a joint venture between the Mahindra Group and BT group plc, UK with M&M (Mahindra and Mahindra) holding 44% and BT holding 39% of the equity.

Balance sheet of tech Mahindra

Tech Mahindra
Balance Sheet Mar '11 12 mths Sources Of Funds Total Share Capital Equity Share Capital Share Application Money Preference Share Capital Reserves Revaluation Reserves Networth Secured Loans Unsecured Loans Total Debt Total Liabilities 126.00 126.00 0.00 0.00 3,258.00 0.00 3,384.00 1,183.70 622.70 1,806.40 5,190.40 Mar '11 12 mths Application Of Funds Gross Block Less: Accum. Depreciation Net Block Capital Work in Progress Investments Inventories Sundry Debtors Cash and Bank Balance Total Current Assets Loans and Advances Fixed Deposits 1,248.50 648.50 600.00 110.30 3,114.90 0.60 1,172.00 193.80 1,366.40 878.30 0.00 1,112.80 518.80 594.00 320.80 3,113.90 1.40 993.00 136.70 1,131.10 675.40 1.30 896.20 406.10 490.10 154.10 453.50 1.30 854.50 494.40 1,350.20 302.20 1.70 550.50 259.60 290.90 138.50 298.60 0.00 1,057.40 80.00 1,137.40 349.20 1.40 442.75 195.72 247.03 54.65 283.21 0.00 792.02 12.83 804.85 163.06 16.09 122.30 122.30 0.20 0.00 2,744.20 0.00 2,866.70 1,517.70 617.20 2,134.90 5,001.60 Mar '10 12 mths 121.70 121.70 0.00 0.00 1,759.20 0.00 1,880.90 0.00 0.00 0.00 1,880.90 Mar '09 12 mths 121.40 121.40 0.00 0.00 1,107.00 0.00 1,228.40 0.00 95.00 95.00 1,323.40 Mar '08 12 mths 121.22 121.22 0.14 0.00 756.76 0.00 878.12 10.01 42.64 52.65 930.77 Mar '07 12 mths ------------------- in Rs. Cr. ------------------Mar '10 12 mths Mar '09 12 mths Mar '08 12 mths Mar '07 12 mths

Total CA, Loans & Advances Deffered Credit Current Liabilities Provisions Total CL & Provisions Net Current Assets Miscellaneous Expenses Total Assets Contingent Liabilities Book Value (Rs)

2,244.70 0.00 594.70 284.80 879.50 1,365.20 0.00 5,190.40 341.40 268.67

1,807.80 0.00 574.40 260.50 834.90 972.90 0.00 5,001.60 335.50 234.34

1,654.10 0.00 671.90 199.00 870.90 783.20 0.00 1,880.90 138.70 154.51

1,488.00 0.00 634.20 258.40 892.60 595.40 0.00 1,323.40 169.50 101.22

984.00 0.00 498.84 139.27 638.11 345.89 0.00 930.78 136.38 72.43

Profit and loss account

Profit & Loss account Mar '11 12 mths Income Sales Turnover Excise Duty Net Sales Other Income Stock Adjustments Total Income Expenditure Raw Materials Power & Fuel Cost Employee Cost Other Manufacturing Expenses Selling and Admin Expenses Miscellaneous Expenses Preoperative Exp Capitalised Total Expenses 4,965.50 0.00 4,965.50 108.40 0.00 5,073.90 0.00 52.20 1,943.80 1,383.70 396.60 238.50 0.00 4,014.80 Mar '11 12 mths Operating Profit PBDIT Interest PBDT Depreciation Other Written Off Profit Before Tax Extra-ordinary items 950.70 1,059.10 122.70 936.40 138.30 0.00 798.10 7.90 4,483.80 0.00 4,483.80 58.50 0.00 4,542.30 0.00 0.00 1,598.70 1,176.00 434.60 181.00 0.00 3,390.30 Mar '10 12 mths 1,093.50 1,152.00 171.80 980.20 129.90 0.00 850.30 23.90 4,357.80 0.00 4,357.80 -61.70 0.00 4,296.10 0.00 0.00 1,419.70 966.10 503.40 218.30 0.00 3,107.50 Mar '09 12 mths 1,250.30 1,188.60 2.50 1,186.10 107.40 0.00 1,078.70 11.80 3,604.70 0.00 3,604.70 -351.80 0.00 3,252.90 0.00 0.00 1,222.40 729.50 633.70 179.70 0.00 2,765.30 Mar '08 12 mths 839.40 487.60 28.30 459.30 73.60 0.00 385.70 25.40 2,753.22 0.00 2,753.22 -519.76 0.00 2,233.46 0.00 14.83 840.41 559.86 430.85 186.39 0.00 2,032.34 Mar '07 12 mths 720.88 201.12 28.09 173.03 46.28 0.00 126.75 33.95 ------------------- in Rs. Cr. ------------------Mar '10 12 mths Mar '09 12 mths Mar '08 12 mths Mar '07 12 mths

PBT (Post Extra-ord Items) Tax Reported Net Profit Total Value Addition Preference Dividend Equity Dividend Corporate Dividend Tax Per share data (annualised) Shares in issue (lakhs) Earning Per Share (Rs) Equity Dividend (%) Book Value (Rs)

806.00 109.30 696.70 4,014.80 0.00 51.00 8.30 1,259.55 55.31 40.00 268.67

874.20 131.40 742.80 3,390.30 0.00 42.80 7.30 1,223.20 60.73 35.00 234.34

1,090.50 103.90 986.60 3,107.50 0.00 48.80 8.30 1,217.34 81.05 40.00 154.51

411.10 68.90 325.70 2,765.30 0.00 66.80 11.30 1,213.63 26.84 55.00 101.22

160.70 61.51 65.23 2,032.34 0.00 26.62 3.73 1,212.17 5.38 23.00 72.43

Cash flows
Cash Flow Mar '11 12 mths Net Profit Before Tax Net Cash From Operating Activities Net Cash (used in)/from Investing Activities Net Cash (used in)/from Financing Activities Net (decrease)/increase In Cash and Cash Equivalents Opening Cash & Cash Equivalents Closing Cash & Cash Equivalents 806.00 470.70 -131.80 -286.70 52.20 139.60 191.80 ------------------- in Rs. Cr. ------------------Mar '10 12 mths 874.20 1412.50 -2571.00 803.80 -354.70 494.30 139.60 Mar '09 12 mths 1090.50 1200.30 -620.40 -164.50 415.40 76.50 3.50 Mar '08 12 mths 834.70 209.70 -198.30 35.60 47.00 29.50 76.50 Mar '07 12 mths 651.68 3.24 -142.36 122.71 -16.42 49.65 33.23

Financial ratios
Key Financial Ratios

Mar '11 Investment Valuation Ratios Face Value Dividend Per Share Operating Profit Per Share (Rs) Net Operating Profit Per Share (Rs) Free Reserves Per Share (Rs) Bonus in Equity Capital Profitability Ratios 10.00 4.00 75.48 394.23 233.90 83.60

Mar '10

Mar '09

Mar '08

Mar '07

10.00 3.50 89.40 366.56 208.53 86.13

10.00 4.00 102.71 357.98 144.51 86.56

10.00 5.50 69.16 297.02 91.21 86.77

10.00 2.30 59.47 227.13 62.43 86.90

Operating Profit Margin(%) Profit Before Interest And Tax Margin(%) Gross Profit Margin(%) Cash Profit Margin(%) Adjusted Cash Margin(%) Net Profit Margin(%) Adjusted Net Profit Margin(%) Return On Capital Employed(%) Return On Net Worth(%) Adjusted Return on Net Worth(%) Return on Assets Excluding Revaluations Return on Assets Including Revaluations Return on Long Term Funds(%) Liquidity And Solvency Ratios Current Ratio Quick Ratio Debt Equity Ratio Long Term Debt Equity Ratio Debt Coverage Ratios Interest Cover Total Debt to Owners Fund Financial Charges Coverage Ratio Financial Charges Coverage Ratio Post Tax Management Efficiency Ratios Inventory Turnover Ratio Debtors Turnover Ratio Investments Turnover Ratio Fixed Assets Turnover Ratio Total Assets Turnover Ratio Asset Turnover Ratio Average Raw Material Holding Average Finished Goods Held Number of Days In Working Capital Profit & Loss Account Ratios Material Cost Composition Imported Composition of Raw Materials Consumed Selling Distribution Cost Composition Expenses as Composition of Total Sales Cash Flow Indicator Ratios Dividend Payout Ratio Net Profit Dividend Payout Ratio Cash Profit Earning Retention Ratio

19.14 16.27 16.36 14.94 14.94 13.95 13.95 16.18 20.58 17.96 268.67 268.67 18.07 1.58 2.49 0.53 0.37 8.41 0.53 7.97 7.81

24.38 21.32 21.49 18.27 18.27 16.43 16.43 19.97 25.91 24.28 234.34 234.34 21.57 1.50 2.14 0.74 0.62 6.44 0.74 6.57 6.08

28.69 26.11 26.22 26.56 26.56 22.54 22.54 61.76 52.45 56.10 154.51 154.51 61.76 1.90 1.88 --464.68 -507.64 438.60

23.28 21.18 21.24 20.80 20.80 9.01 9.01 58.62 26.51 55.24 101.22 101.22 63.15 1.51 1.67 0.08 -77.58 0.08 30.01 15.11

26.18 24.36 26.33 4.02 23.34 2.35 21.67 74.08 7.43 68.32 72.43 72.43 78.53 1.40 1.54 0.06 -99.66 0.06 26.19 4.97

8,275.83 4.59 8,275.83 4.00 0.96 4.00 --98.98 --0.09 84.75

3,202.71 4.85 3,202.71 4.06 0.90 4.06 --78.11 --0.21 114.33

3,352.15 4.56 3,352.15 4.90 2.33 4.90 --64.70 --0.22 98.19

-3.90 --2.72 6.55 --59.46 --0.56 71.12

-4.57 -11.52 2.96 6.22 --45.23 --0.90 99.28

8.51 7.10 90.25

6.74 5.74 92.81

5.78 5.21 94.59

23.97 19.55 88.50

46.52 27.21 94.95

Cash Earning Retention Ratio AdjustedCash Flow Times

92.06 2.42 Mar '11

93.94 2.58 Mar '10 60.73 234.34

95.09 -Mar '09 81.05 154.51

89.62 0.13 Mar '08 26.84 101.22

95.31 0.08 Mar '07 5.38 72.43

Earnings Per Share Book Value

55.31 268.67

Liquidity position Current ratio

Current ratio of Tech Mahindra is quite fluctuating ,as it was 1.40 in 2007 .but then sudden increase in 2009(1.90).But afterwards it decreases year after year. So,companys liquidity position is not very sound

Long term financial position Debt equity ratio :This ratio is the most significant solvency ratio. It matches debt with equity. It tells about debt paying capacity of the concern. Normally 1:1 ratio ensures good equity cushion. Anything more will means less security, more of uncertainty for the debt. Here the debt equity ratio is increasing year after year.It shows that ,they are more relying on debentures than equity.There EPS is also increasing.

Hcl technologies ltd.

HCL Technologies Limited is a leading global IT services company headquartered in Noida, India. It is primarily engaged in providing a range of software services, business process outsourcing and infrastructure services. HCL Technologies is fourth largest IT company in India and is ranked 48 in the global list of IT services providers. HCL Technologies, along with its subsidiaries, had consolidated revenues of US$3.7 billion, as on 30 Sept 2011 (on LTM basis), and employs more than 80,520 people of diverse nationalities. HCL Technologies has global network of offices in 26 countries.

Balance sheet of hcl

HCL Technologies
Balance Sheet Jun '11 12 mths Sources Of Funds Total Share Capital Equity Share Capital Share Application Money Preference Share Capital Reserves Revaluation Reserves Networth Secured Loans Unsecured Loans Total Debt Total Liabilities 137.74 137.74 1.00 0.00 5,720.41 0.00 5,859.15 1,029.87 0.29 1,030.16 6,889.31 Jun '11 12 mths Application Of Funds Gross Block Less: Accum. Depreciation Net Block Capital Work in Progress Investments Inventories Sundry Debtors 2,880.57 1,584.64 1,295.93 568.73 2,653.27 124.97 1,657.26 2,293.37 1,349.54 943.83 477.20 2,233.20 12.04 2,084.70 1,957.86 1,100.88 856.98 417.56 562.75 87.01 1,489.26 1,599.61 874.32 725.29 419.03 1,797.34 0.00 980.02 1,332.67 662.58 670.09 212.86 1,988.86 0.00 712.48 135.76 135.76 2.01 0.00 4,798.09 0.00 4,935.86 1,030.51 366.88 1,397.39 6,333.25 Jun '10 12 mths 134.05 134.05 0.47 0.00 3,353.72 0.00 3,488.24 123.81 389.92 513.73 4,001.97 Jun '09 12 mths 133.27 133.27 1.71 0.00 3,079.85 0.00 3,214.83 25.24 0.09 25.33 3,240.16 Jun '08 12 mths 132.74 132.74 0.00 0.00 3,292.28 0.00 3,425.02 40.77 0.12 40.89 3,465.91 Jun '07 12 mths ------------------- in Rs. Cr. ------------------Jun '10 12 mths Jun '09 12 mths Jun '08 12 mths Jun '07 12 mths

Cash and Bank Balance Total Current Assets Loans and Advances Fixed Deposits Total CA, Loans & Advances Deffered Credit Current Liabilities Provisions Total CL & Provisions Net Current Assets Miscellaneous Expenses Total Assets Contingent Liabilities Book Value (Rs)

167.70 1,949.93 1,706.69 896.02 4,552.64 0.00 1,578.42 602.84 2,181.26 2,371.38 0.00 6,889.31 2,677.49 85.06

64.83 2,161.57 1,750.46 924.60 4,836.63 0.00 1,724.01 433.60 2,157.61 2,679.02 0.00 6,333.25 2,505.21 72.69

144.00 1,720.27 1,817.97 1,221.83 4,760.07 0.00 2,217.44 377.95 2,595.39 2,164.68 0.00 4,001.97 3,317.46 52.04

162.87 1,142.89 1,183.99 524.01 2,850.89 0.00 1,828.85 723.54 2,552.39 298.50 0.00 3,240.16 469.36 48.22

105.93 818.41 934.44 275.01 2,027.86 0.00 1,003.02 430.74 1,433.76 594.10 0.00 3,465.91 418.65 51.61

Profit and loss account

Profit & Loss account Jun '11 12 mths Income Sales Turnover Excise Duty Net Sales Other Income Stock Adjustments Total Income Expenditure Raw Materials Power & Fuel Cost Employee Cost Other Manufacturing Expenses Selling and Admin Expenses Miscellaneous Expenses Preoperative Exp Capitalised Total Expenses 6,794.48 0.00 6,794.48 91.34 109.48 6,995.30 274.79 126.94 3,125.87 452.33 1,114.50 218.23 0.00 5,312.66 Jun '11 12 mths Operating Profit PBDIT Interest PBDT 1,591.30 1,682.64 101.39 1,581.25 5,078.76 0.00 5,078.76 114.56 -82.52 5,110.80 2.95 86.93 2,137.82 434.77 724.41 195.71 0.00 3,582.59 Jun '10 12 mths 1,413.65 1,528.21 101.36 1,426.85 4,675.09 0.00 4,675.09 91.49 0.00 4,766.58 0.00 100.28 1,874.10 492.39 637.66 180.99 0.00 3,285.42 Jun '09 12 mths 1,389.67 1,481.16 35.35 1,445.81 4,615.39 0.00 4,615.39 -108.91 0.00 4,506.48 0.00 0.00 1,621.35 746.92 639.05 381.11 0.00 3,388.43 Jun '08 12 mths 1,226.96 1,118.05 24.93 1,093.12 3,768.62 0.00 3,768.62 439.42 0.00 4,208.04 0.00 0.00 1,322.59 577.24 617.20 314.51 0.00 2,831.54 Jun '07 12 mths 937.08 1,376.50 20.60 1,355.90 ------------------- in Rs. Cr. ------------------Jun '10 12 mths Jun '09 12 mths Jun '08 12 mths Jun '07 12 mths

Depreciation Other Written Off Profit Before Tax Extra-ordinary items PBT (Post Extra-ord Items) Tax Reported Net Profit Total Value Addition Preference Dividend Equity Dividend Corporate Dividend Tax Per share data (annualised) Shares in issue (lakhs) Earning Per Share (Rs) Equity Dividend (%) Book Value (Rs)

291.37 0.00 1,289.88 0.00 1,289.88 91.60 1,198.28 5,037.87 0.00 514.49 84.39 6,886.89 17.40 375.00 85.06

274.03 0.00 1,152.82 3.43 1,156.25 100.01 1,056.58 3,579.64 0.00 270.20 45.40 6,787.84 15.57 200.00 72.69

251.89 0.00 1,193.92 0.00 1,193.92 196.61 997.31 3,285.42 0.00 469.61 79.73 6,702.57 14.88 350.00 52.04

217.87 0.00 875.25 0.00 875.25 94.60 780.65 3,388.43 0.00 598.58 101.72 6,663.40 11.72 450.00 48.22

178.21 0.00 1,177.69 0.00 1,177.69 75.87 1,101.82 2,831.54 0.00 525.59 81.60 6,636.83 16.60 400.00 51.61

Cash flows
Cash Flow Jun '11 12 mths Net Profit Before Tax Net Cash From Operating Activities Net Cash (used in)/from Investing Activities Net Cash (used in)/from Financing Activities Net (decrease)/increase In Cash and Cash Equivalents Opening Cash & Cash Equivalents Closing Cash & Cash Equivalents 1289.88 1519.39 -535.03 -882.56 102.86 64.84 167.70 ------------------- in Rs. Cr. ------------------Jun '10 12 mths 1152.82 739.26 -1399.11 583.38 -79.16 144.00 64.84 Jun '09 12 mths 1193.92 587.94 306.83 -215.82 678.95 686.88 1365.83 Jun '08 12 mths 875.25 1056.84 -148.53 -602.26 305.94 380.94 686.88 Jun '07 12 mths 1177.69 997.93 -341.46 -381.57 274.90 106.22 380.94

Financial ratios
Key Financial Ratios

Jun '11 Investment Valuation Ratios Face Value Dividend Per Share Operating Profit Per Share (Rs) Net Operating Profit Per Share (Rs) Free Reserves Per Share (Rs) 2.00 7.50 23.11 98.66 71.21

Jun '10

Jun '09

Jun '08

Jun '07

2.00 4.00 20.83 74.82 64.74

2.00 7.00 20.73 69.75 56.44

2.00 9.00 18.41 69.26 49.10

2.00 8.00 14.12 56.78 47.51

Bonus in Equity Capital Profitability Ratios Operating Profit Margin(%) Profit Before Interest And Tax Margin(%) Gross Profit Margin(%) Cash Profit Margin(%) Adjusted Cash Margin(%) Net Profit Margin(%) Adjusted Net Profit Margin(%) Return On Capital Employed(%) Return On Net Worth(%) Adjusted Return on Net Worth(%) Return on Assets Excluding Revaluations Return on Assets Including Revaluations Return on Long Term Funds(%) Liquidity And Solvency Ratios Current Ratio Quick Ratio Debt Equity Ratio Long Term Debt Equity Ratio Debt Coverage Ratios Interest Cover Total Debt to Owners Fund Financial Charges Coverage Ratio Financial Charges Coverage Ratio Post Tax Management Efficiency Ratios Inventory Turnover Ratio Debtors Turnover Ratio Investments Turnover Ratio Fixed Assets Turnover Ratio Total Assets Turnover Ratio Asset Turnover Ratio Average Raw Material Holding Average Finished Goods Held Number of Days In Working Capital Profit & Loss Account Ratios Material Cost Composition Imported Composition of Raw Materials Consumed Selling Distribution Cost Composition Expenses as Composition of Total Sales Cash Flow Indicator Ratios Dividend Payout Ratio Net Profit

59.30 23.42 18.68 19.13 22.42 22.42 17.22 17.22 21.20 20.45 21.64 85.06 85.06 21.21 2.09 1.97 0.18 0.18 14.98 0.18 17.29 15.69

60.17 27.83 21.77 22.43 26.12 26.12 20.18 20.18 20.44 21.41 22.16 72.69 72.69 21.71 1.92 2.19 0.28 0.21 13.24 0.28 15.48 14.13

60.93 29.72 23.53 24.33 27.23 27.23 20.63 20.63 32.39 28.59 30.52 52.04 52.04 36.88 1.50 1.71 0.15 0.01 51.14 0.15 43.80 36.34

61.29 26.58 21.56 21.86 25.01 25.01 16.68 16.68 33.08 24.29 29.64 48.22 48.22 33.10 1.12 1.06 0.01 0.01 62.07 0.01 51.74 41.05

61.54 24.86 20.05 24.88 33.82 22.63 29.11 17.92 22.35 32.17 19.80 51.61 51.61 22.35 1.41 1.39 0.01 0.01 68.58 0.01 46.27 63.14

59.62 3.63 59.62 2.73 1.05 2.73 -7.35 125.65 4.04 -0.34 74.42

1,131.13 2.84 1,131.13 2.56 0.84 2.56 -0.40 189.90 0.05 -0.39 97.82

53.73 3.79 53.73 2.73 1.25 2.73 -8.74 166.69 --0.31 97.80

-5.45 --1.51 3.27 --23.28 --0.64 98.49

-5.55 -5.60 1.13 3.13 --56.75 --0.47 98.87

49.97

29.86

55.08

89.70

55.10

Dividend Payout Ratio Cash Profit Earning Retention Ratio Cash Earning Retention Ratio AdjustedCash Flow Times

40.20 52.78 61.60 0.66 Jun '11

23.71 71.14 76.93 1.02

43.97 48.40 58.27 0.39

70.13 26.48 40.16 0.02

47.43 10.51 29.13 0.05

Jun '10 15.57 72.69

Jun '09 14.88 52.04

Jun '08 11.72 48.22

Jun '07 16.60 51.61

Earnings Per Share Book Value

17.40 85.06

Liquidity position Current ratio

Current ratio of HCL Technologies ltd. is increasing year after year ,as it was 1.41 in 2007 .,but there is sudden increase in 2011 (2.09). So,companys liquidity position is not very sound

Long term financial position Debt equity ratio :This ratio is the most significant solvency ratio. It matches debt with equity. It tells about debt paying capacity of the concern. Normally 1:1 ratio ensures good equity cushion. Anything more will means less security, more of uncertainty for the debt. Here the Debt-equity ratio is quite fluctuating since last five years .As it was constant at 0.01 in 2007 and 2008,it was increased to some extent upto 0.28 but in 2011 it is declining to 0.18. Hence the companys long tem financial position is good.

Bibliography
www.moneycontrol.com finance.yahoo.com finapps.forbes.com www.marketwatch.com www.scribd.com