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TABLE 5 - CSIR GEOMECHANICS CLASSIFICATION OF JOINTED ROCK MASSES


A, CLASSIFICATION PARAMETERS AND THEIR RATINGS

PARAMETER
Strength
of
I intact rock

RANGES OF VALUES
) 8 MPo

Point load
strength index

4-8 MRi

2-4 MPo
50 -100 MPa

For this low range

1-2 MPa
25 - 50 MPo

- uniaxial compressive test is oreferred

Uniaxiol

material

compressive
strehJth'

) 200 MPa
15

100-200 MPa
12

10-25 3-10
MPa
MPa
I

1-3
MPa

Rating
Dril core quality R Q D

2
Rating

90%-100%
20

75%-90%
17

50%-75%
13

25%-50%
8

( 25%
3
~

Spacing of joints

3
Rating

)3m
30
Very rough surfaces
Not continuous

I-3m
25

0.3-lm
20
or

50- 300mm
10

( 50mm
5

Slickensided surface
or

;1

Condition of joints

Slightly rough surfacs Slightly rough surface Separation (i mm Se paratlon (I mm Soft joint wall rock Hard joint wall rack Hard joint wall rock
No separot ion

Sot goe) 5 mm thick

Goe (5 mm thick
Joints open 1-5mm
Continuous ioints

or

Joints open) 5mm Continuous joints

Rating
Inflow per 10m
tunnel length

25
None
OR

20

12

0
) 125 i it res/min.

(25 litres/min.
OR

25-125Iitres/min.
lOR lOR
OR

,I

"

I Ground

joint water
Ratio mojor principal
. 'oressure

water

stress
General conitions

a
OR OR

0.0-0.2
Moist only

0.2-0.5
OR

) 05
Severe

Completely dry
10

Water under moderafe

(interstitial water)

pressure

waer problems

Rating

B, RATING ADJUSTMENT FOR JOINT ORIENTATIONS


Stri ke and dip orientations of joints
,

Very favourable

Favourable

Fair

Unfavourable

Very unfavourable

Tunnels

Ratings

Foundations

a a
0

-2

-5

-10
-15

-12
- 25

-2
-5

-7
-25

Slopes

-50

-60

C, ROCK MASS CLASSES DETERMINED FROM

TOTAL RATINGS

Rating
Class No.

100-81
i

80-61
II

60-41
ill
Fair rock

40-21
iV

( 20
V

Description

Ve r y good rock

Good rock

Poor rock

Very po rock

D, MEANING OF ROCK MASS CLASSES


Class No.
1 II ILL

iV
5 hours for 1.5 m span

Average stand-up time

10 years for 5m span 6 months for 4 m span


) 300 kPa

1 week for 3 m spCl


150 -200 kPa

10 min. for 0.5m SPCl

Cohesion of the rock moss

200-300 kPa

100-150 kPa

( 100 kPa

Friction angle of th rock moss

) 45

400-45

35-40

30-35

(30

TABLE 6 - THE EFFECT OF JOINT STRIKE AND DIP ORIENTATIONS IN TUNNELLING


Strike
Drive
with dip

perpendicular to tunnel

axis

Drive

against
Dip

dip

Strike parallel to tunnel axis

Dip

00-20
irrespective
of strike

Dip 45-90
Very favourable

Dip

20-45
.

Dip 45-90
Fair

20-45

Dip

45-90

Dip 200-45
Fair

Favourable

Unfavourable

Very unfavourable

Unfavourable

..

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