By:-Saurabh Vishnoi & Ravinder Singh Pal

Overview
What is networking? Why is networking important ? Classification of computer networking

What is Networking?
Networking is the sharing of information and services. Computer networking provides communication tools to allow computers to share information and abilities .

Why is networking important?

Information and communication are two of the most important strategic issues for the success of every enterprise. While today nearly every organization uses a substantial number of computers and communication tools . To overcome these obstacles in an effective usage of information technology, computer networks are necessary ..

Classification of computer networking

Network in small geographical Area (Room, Building or a Campus) is called LAN (Local Area Network) . Network in a City is call MAN (Metropolitan AreaNetwork) . Network spread geographically (Country or across Globe) is called WAN (Wide Area Network) .

OSI model
OSI stands for open system interconnection reference model. The OSI model describe how information or data flow from one computer to another by dividing with whole process into such smaller & manageable section or layer. Each layer perform a well define function & provide service to layer above or below it.

 CLIENT & SERVER TCP IP ADDRESSING DNS (DOMAIN NAME SERVER) FTP(FILE TRANSFER PROTOCOL) NETWORK SECURITY

A network server is a computer designed to process requests and deliver data to other (client) computers over a local network or the Internet. The clientserver model of computing is a distributed application structure that partitions tasks or workloads between the providers of a resource or service, called servers, and service requesters, called clients.

IP address space is divided into mainly three different classes:Class A 1 127 Class B 128 - 191 Class C 192 223 Private network Addresses :Class A 10.0.0.0 - 10.255.255.255 Class B 172.16.0.0 - 172.31.255.255 Class C 192.168.0.0 - 192.168.255.255

DNS SERVER
It basically resolves the IP-Addressses

 FTP is File Transfer Protocol . It works on application layer of OSI Model . FTP is used to transfer files from a client Window machine to Linux server machine . In most of the cases we use FILEZILLA software for file transfering. FILEZILLA is the most convnient software used for uploading files from client to server.

 We all are looking for a secure networking . Linux is the most secure operating system. Therefore , most of the severs are using Linux operating system. Hacking and Cracking are the two main terms related with network security. Hacking refers to the re-configuring or reprogramming of a system to function in ways not facilitated by the owner, administrator, or designer.

 A hacker is a person who is proficient with computers and/or programming to an elite level where they know all of the in's and out's of a system. There is NO illegality involved with being a hacker. A cracker is a hacker who uses their proficiency for personal gains outside of the law. EX: stealing data, changing bank accounts, distributing viruses etc. What the hacker does with their knowledge of systems within the definition of the law is what defines them as a hacker vs a cracker. It's then safe to say that all crackers are hackers, but not all hackers are crackers. This is an important distinction.

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