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Differential diagnosis
DM retinopathy Ocular Ischemic Syndrome Anterior Ischemic Optic Neuropathy
Diabetic Retinopathy
Ocular manifestation of Diabetes Melitus 80% affected of those with DM > 10 years Result of microvascular retinal changes
Intramural pericyte death and basement membrane thickening Incompetence of vascular walls
Diabetic Retinopathy
Signs and symptoms:
Hemorrhages (dot blot, flame-shaped, pre-retinal, vitreous) Venous beading, IRMA Cotton wool spots Exudates Macular edema
Elevated EST and thrombocytosis (+) RAPD Swollen disc Splinter hemorrhages