Sustainable Construction and Green Buildings in Malaysia

by Dr. Kamarul Anuar Mohamad Kamar and Ir. Dr. Zuhairi Abd. Hamid

Presentation outline
The core concept of sustainable construction & green

buildings Case study of green buildings in Malaysia Policies on sustainable construction & green buildings Drivers and challenges to effective implementation Conclusion and recommendations

PART 1/5: The Core Concept

TREND OF ECONOMIC AND CONSTRUCTION GROWTH

1.000.000

1.200.000

1.400.000

200.000

400.000

600.000

800.000

Au s tr a lia
20.530

Br a zil
189.323

Ca n ad a
32.577

Ch in a Eg y pt
74.166 61.330 1.328.474

Fr an ce G er m an y
82.641

World population 2005: 6.5 Billion

In di a ly
58.779

Global Trends World Population Growth

1.151.751

Ita Ru s sia n Fe d er at So u d Ar ab Un ite Un ite d St at e s th Ja pa n io n Af ri Em d ira Ki ng of Am ca te s do m er ic

127.953 143.221 48.282 4.248

Un ite

60.512

a
302.841

World population 2025: 7.9 Billion

2002-2007

1998-2002

1993-1997

1988-1992

What is sustainability and why is it important?

The United Nations Brundtland Commission Report (1987) defined sustainable development and urged the world to take note: Sustainable development is that which meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. A growing global population is straining the finite resources available on the planet. Sustainability seeks to balance the economic, social, and environmental impacts, recognizing that population growth will continue. Sustainable development brings this evaluation to the design and construction industries, which have significant potential to reduce the negative impact of human activities on the environment.

History of Sustainability?
Energy efficiency gained importance during the 1970s oil crisis Recycling efforts in the 1970s became commonplace and came to

the attention of the building industry 1980s the sick building syndrome emerged Projects in water scarce areas began to focus on water conservation Early green designs 1990s integration of all factors would result in a high performance building

Triple Bottom Line

Dimensions of Sustainability
Economic Vs. Social Vs. Ecological Developments

Imperative: achieve human needs spread wealth Increase local autarchy Assure security and liability

Social Economic Development

Imperative: Grow econimcally Stay profitable Expand markets Unfold costs

Conservationism

Balanced Sustainability
Puristic Green

Imperative: Be aware of the capability for recovery Keep resources and ecological systems Reduce waste

Social

Economic

The Built Environment

Material Resources & Waste Disposal

Sustainability

Environmental

Energy

Land

Research

Decision Making

Water

Community

Food

Transportation

What is Green Technology

Green Technology &
Opportunities

Energy & Technology Solar power Wind power Energy Storage & Transportation

Building Design Construction Building Materials

Public Sector & Utilities Planning Energy Water

Benefits of going green

Tackling climate change
Leave better environment for the future Improve quality of life Saving natural resources Cost savings (Incl. life cycle costs and opportunity

costs) Being more energy efficient Reducing material waste

Energy system heating is via gas, rather than from a coal-fired plant (creates less pollution) no airconditioning in building is needed because of ventilation and gas heating (therefore much less electricity used)

Building height kept to a minimum to prevent outdoor areas from being over-shadowed

Glass Roofs allow sunlight and warmth deep into the building (reduce need for artificial lighting and heating) allow plants to grow within the building (creates appealing and healthy interior)

Images: Green Design, Dorothy Mackenzie, (1991), London: Laurence King Publishing NMB Bank Headquarters, Amsterdam

natural light to Vegetation all around building levels helps to keep air cleaner provide buffer to the wind creates pleasant outdoor areas for workers

sunny outdoor spaces close to the buildings

Sloping walls deflect noise from busy road redirect winds to prevent ground-level turbulence made from brick (natural material)

water collected from roofs Materials include natural materials such as timber, marble and copper create a warm and pleasing environment (social benefits) are locally produced, therefore reduce transportation pollution and resources

NMB Bank Headquarters, Amsterdam

natural breezes

water fall

Rainwater is collected from the roof (reduces mains water consumption) Hello!! used for water features and to water plants inside the building (creates a cool, healthy and pleasing environment)

Windows allow natural sunlight into the building (less electricity used for lighting) can be opened to allow cross-ventilation (building has no airconditioning, and uses much less electricity)

Staircases designed to be appealing, in order to: reduce reliance on lifts (reduces electricity consumption) allow for interaction between co-workers (social benefits) create an architectural feature
Images: Green Design, Dorothy Mackenzie, (1991), London: Laurence King Publishing

PART 2/5: Case Study

MCIEA 2010 INNOVATION AWARD WINNER THE DIAMOND BUILDING, SURUHANJAYA TENAGA MALAYSIA

Putra Perdana Sdn. Bhd.

DAY-LIGHT HARVESTING

Innovation
Mirror lightshelf

Light Shelves are fitted on glazing to eliminate glare from direct sun penetration and diffuse sky radiation.

Fixed blinds for glare control

Daylight reflected onto ceiling

Typical Cross Section

DAY-LIGHT HARVESTING

Innovation

Tannenbaum reflector panels are placed on the 4th and the 5th floor of the atrium walls to reflect light down to the opposite side for floors 1 and 2. Roof Light provides Daylight at 7th Floor Seating Area

BUILDING INTEGRATED PHOTO-VOLTAIC

Seamless Integration of Photovoltaics (PV) with metal roof

Innovation

SUSTAINABILITY
Environmental Friendly Materials

Sustainable Environment

Recycled plaster board (Green Label)

Low VOC paint (Green Label)

Recycled content carpet (Green Label)

SUSTAINABILITY Greenery

Sustainable Environment

- Minimize impact on microclimate and human wildlife habitat

Grass-crete pavement

Concrete roof

Grass roof

SUSTAINABILITY
Greywater Recycling

Sustainable Environment

Greywater from wash basins and floor traps Mini-wetlands

View of Board Room

Mini-wetlands (top & side view)

BUILDING ENERGY INDEX 85kWh/m2/year

Benefits

100% 90%
Cumulative percentile

80% 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 Energy Efficiency Index (kWh/m2/year) Malaysia (41 office buildings) Singapore (95 office buildings)

46% reduction in
energy consumption

35% reduction in
water consumption

Source of chart: EAEF Project 64 Project leader: Energy Sustainabilty Unit, Singapore, 2006

PART 3/5: The Policies

The importance of Sustainable Development and Green Technology are highlighted by our YAB Prime Minister during the opening speech of IGEM 2010 as:
1. Green Technology to become new engine of growth for Malaysia 2. Reduce global green house gas emission by 30% in 2020 3. Increased investments in green technology will also make available a wider scope of eco-products and services

Drivers In Malaysia
In Budget 2010 ( Tabled on 24th October 2009) Govt.

allocated RM 20 billion to intensify green and sustainability awareness.

Creation of the Energy, Green Technology and Water

Ministry by The Malaysian Govt.

Launch of the Green Building Index(GBI) with its 6 criteria (

Energy efficiency; indoor environmental quality; sustainable site planning and management; materials and resources; water efficiency; and innovation)

Government Policy

Climate Change
Ministry of Natural Resources and Energy (NRE)

Green Technology

Sustainable Development
Ministry of Natural Resources and Energy (NRE) / KeTTHA and other related ministries

Energy
Energy Ministry

Manufacturing
MITI

Building
KeTTHA ,Ministry of Works, KPKT

ICT
Information Ministry

Transport
Ministry of Transport

Water & Waste Management Sector Ministry of Housing and Local Government

CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY MASTERPLAN 2006-2015

Strategic Thrust 1
Integrate the construction industry value chain to enhance productivity and efficiency

Strategic Thrust 2
Strengthen the construction industry image

Strategic Thrust 3
Strive for the highest standard of quality, occupational safety and health and environmental practices

Strategic Thrust 4
Develop human resource capabilities and capacities in construction industry

Strategic Thrust 5
Innovate through research and development and adopt new construction methods

Strategic Thrust 6
Leverage on information and communication technology in the construction industry

Strategic Thrust 7
Benefit from globalization including the export of construction products and services

Enabling Recommendations

Consolidate the industry Standardise and integrate administrative practices and procedures.

Enhance the professionalism of the construction industry. Enhance the procure-to-pay (P2P) strategy. Raise the sophistication level of the construction community

Foster a quality and environmentalfriendly culture Enhance occupational safety and health. Adopt MS in the manufacture or import of construction building materials.

Promote and enforce the use of skilled labour (building capability). Nurture the desire to work in the construction industry amongst the local workforce (building capacity).

Continuously innovate construction processes and techniques.

Encourage knowledge sharing for continuous improvement.

Ensure industry sustainability in the liberalised environment. Market the CI in a focused, global manner Enhance industrys access to financing

Review and amend the tax, legal and regulatory framework

Stimulate R&D activities through resource-pooling initiative amongst key players and provision of R&D infrastructure.

Develop local construction software industry.

Redefine the structure and role of CIDB Reinforce Bumiputera entrepreneurs capabilities and equitable share in the CI value chain

Develop complimentary industries CSF: Human Resources CSF: Knowledge, Innovation CSF: Knowledge, Innovation

CSF: Productivity

CSF: Professionalism CSF: Quality, Environment practices

CSF: Industry Sustainability

Special Task Group Recommendations

Strengthening the development approval process
Enhancing law and enforcement Promoting self-regulation, reflecting the best

regulatory practices which is necessary to achieve sustainable construction in future Increasing capacity and public awareness and addressing knowledge gap

Green Rating System

GBI Green Building Rating System (max) GASSIC Standard-Based Green Rating System (min)

ongoing To compliment each others Different target market GBI completed buildings GASSIC whole life cycle of buildings GBI Private sector driven GASSIC Public sector driven

Construction Research Institute of Malaysia (CREAM)

CREAM was incorporated on 26th March 2004 and started to operate as an

institution; a company limited by guarantee status with effect from January, 2006

As a research arm of Construction Industry Development Board (CIDB), CREAM focuses on the development of the construction industry through enhancing its productivity and competitiveness through R&D CREAM operates as a non-profit entity Income generated will be ploughed back to the construction industry

R&D Collaboration

UTM, 12

UPM, 1 MUST, 1 UitM, 2 UKM, 2 CREAM-JKR, 1 CREAM, 1 UMS, 2 UM, 2 UUM, 1 USM, 7 CREAM-UiTM-SALFORD, 6 UTHM, 1

PART 4/5: Drivers and Barriers

Drivers and Contributing Factors to Going Green

Government Regulations International Laws and obligations by Nations Incentives Internal Strategic Policies High Cost of Energy (Cost savings through

reduction in energy cost & waste minimisation)

Drivers and Contributing Factors to Going Green

Increased Internal Awareness Increased Profitability (Market positioning)

Promotion of corporate image and corporate

social responsibilities (CSR) Pressure from customers/Clients Pressures from suppliers

PART 5/5: Recommendations

Conclusion and Recommendations

To further incorporate and applies innovation in

construction in the form of offsite construction to move on-site work to a controlled environment of manufacturing floor.
The introduction and adoption of whole life cycle

costing and green procurement

Integrated and effective cooperation and coordination

among government and other sector

Conclusion and Recommendations

Environmental considerations will be integrated into

all stages of development, programme planning and implementation and all aspects of policy making
A system for formulation of grading and certification

mechanisms for competent personnel in green technology

THANK YOU

Make CREAM your partner in R&D

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION:

60-3-9281 0800
CONSTRUCTION RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF MALAYSIA MAKMAL KERJA RAYA MALAYSIA PUSAT IBS, BLOK E, TINGKAT 1 JALAN CHAN SOW LIN 55200 KUALA LUMPUR MALAYSIA

60-3-9282 4800

http://www.cream.com.my