Introduction Fundamentals of Serial Communication UART Registers Block Diagram of UART Need of the day- Low Power Technology

Methods of Implementation

What is UART? Universal Asynchronous Receiver Transmitter Responsible for performing the major tasks in serial communication with computers. Parallel to Serial Conversion and vice-versa. Communication with slow peripheral devices. Provides an inexpensive communication link.

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Before transmission begins, transmitter and receiver must agree on various parameters. Bit Rate Baud Rate Parity Data Length Stop Bits

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1 bit time mark space

Stop Bits

Start Bit

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Special Registers meant for controlling the internal functioning of UART 1. Control Register - Contains settings for the UART. 2. Status Register - From its name, this contains information about the UART's condition or state. 3. Receive Register - This is the where received data is temporarily stored.

4. Transmit Register - A buffer register/s for temporarily storing data to be sent.

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Control

Parallel Parallel Data Bus Data Bus

CPU CPU Interface Interface

Transmitter Transmitter

Modem Modem

Receiver Receiver

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Efficiency
Lower the power consumption better the device efficiency

Burn Out

Lower Susceptibility towards getting heated up Low power devices enable us to achieve highly compact designs
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Compact Design

Voltage Scaling Clock Gating

MT-CMOS

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The power consumption of CMOS circuits can be approximated by

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Used for reducing power dissipation in idle mode. It is done by using a control signal to synchronize the clock with circuit operation. About 78% reduction in Idle Mode power Control Synchronized dissipation. Clock Roughly, 33% increase in dynamic power Clock dissipation.

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 CMOS is well known for low power consumption.

For further reduction, we use MT-CMOS. Features of MT-CMOS:

Devices with multiple threshold voltages. Proper optimization of delay and static leakage power. Liberty to choose devices based on need.

Low Vth Logic Block High Vth

Low Vth Logic Block R I

Low Vth Logic Block

Low Vth Logic Block

Low Vth Logic Block

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 Applications of UART range from the days of Morse Code to present day USBs. LAN Cables Pendrives Mobiles to PC Monitor to CPU Long Distance Communication
Phone Line Phone Line Serial Cable

Serial Cable

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Questions

Thank You!!!