Introduction

Organizational goals can never be achieved without

the willingness of the subordinates to put in their best effort.

The Capacity to work & willingness to work are two

different things.
A force is needed that drives an employee to perform

better, to improve his abilities, and to encourage him to behave in a certain way...
This force is Motivation

Points To Ponder
Dale Carnegie:

When dealing with people, let us remember, we are not dealing with creatures of logic. We are dealing with creatures of emotion, creatures bristling with prejudices and motivated by pride and vanity.
Robert Zend:

People have one thing in common: they are all different.

Meaning:
The word motivation has been derived from the

Latin term Movere- to move.

It refers to a motive which urges a human being to act

in a certain way.
It is a psychological concept and related to human

behavior.

Definitions
Motivation is a process of stimulating people to action to accomplish desired goals.

-W.G.SCOTT
Motivation is the drive within an individual that drives him towards goal-oriented action. -DR.TERRY In short, Motivation is the sum total of all the efforts which encourages a worker to show better performance.

Characteristics
Motivation is the internal feeling Source of motivation is need.

Motivation changes according to the changes in mans need

As need are many, so also are the motives. Motives change according to time, circumstances, age and

person. Motivation plays a significant role in human behaviour Motivation differ from person to person. Employees morale goes high due to motivation Employees become frustrated when their needs are not satisfied.

Importance
Job Satisfaction. High performance level.

Achievement of goals.
Adjusting to Changes Low labour turnover.

Low Absenteeism.

If employees are not motivated, the best of technology, techniques, methods and plans are, Useless.

Types of Motivation
Positive or Incentive motivation:

This is based on reward and includes praise, competition, participation, pride, delegation of responsibility, appreciation and PAY.
Negative or Fear motivation:

This is based on force and fear. In such a case, the worker may be threatened with layoff or demotion. Thus the negative fear or motivation is a push mechanism.

MOTIVATION

NEGATIVE

POSITIVE

Introduction to theories of Motivation.

Different men have different motivational factors to

influence them.
Theories Of Motivation represent different ways to

motivate individuals.
These theories have been formulated by different

authors based on realistic conditions.

Theories

Maslow's need hierarchy Herzbergs two-factor McGregors X & Y Theory Achievement Motivation

Maslows Theory Need Levels

Self-Actualization Needs Esteem Needs Social Needs Safety Needs

Physiological Needs

Herzbergs Theory
Introduction: A research study was conducted by F.Herzberg of Caste Western Reserve University and associates. It consisted of an intensive analysis of the experiences/ feelings of 200 employees in different companies in USA He asked them of previous job experience where they had felt exceptionally good or exceptionally bad about their jobs.

McGregors Theory. Assumptions

Theory X 1)Employees should be controlled with punishment. 2)Employees will shirk responsibilities. 3)Employees will dislike work and try to avoid it. 4)Most workers place security above all factors. Theory Y 1)Average person can learn to accept & even seek responsibility. 2)Creativity is in all. 3)Employees can view the work as natural as rest or play. 4)Employees will exercise self direction & self control if they are committed to objective

Problems in Motivation
Uneven Motivation

Problems of Implementation
Problems of elements Problems of moderate motivation Limitations of employees Motivations is an internal Instinct

Cooperation