HALL AUTOMATION

using PIC
project submitted for mid valuation process
Submitted by: Anu Mathews
Neethu Nandakumar
Karthika. R .Menon
T.Ambica Menon

Project Guide: Mrs. Dhanya Jose

 SESSIONAGENDA
• INTRODUCTION
• MORE ABOUT THE PROJECT
• ABOUT PIC CPU
• REASON TO CHOOSE PIC MICROCONTROLLER
• BLOCK DIAGRAM&EXPLANATION
• CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
• SOFTWARE SESSION-PROGRAM
• TOPICS TO COVER

Sunday, February 10, 2008 St.Thomas College,Trichur 2

 SESSION AGENDA
• INTRODUCTION
• MORE ABOUT THE PROJECT
• ABOUT PIC CPU
• REASON TO CHOOSE PIC MICROCONTROLLER
• BLOCK DIAGRAM&EXPLANATION
• CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
• SOFTWARE SESSION-PROGRAM
• TOPICS TO COVER

Sunday, February 10, 2008 St.Thomas College,Trichur 3

 INTRODUCTION
This project as the name suggests is used to Automate a Hall using
advanced technology in Electronics. We have made use of Peripheral
Interface Controller (PIC) in this project.

This is a centralized system which constantly monitors the count of

people entering and leaving the Hall, sends an Alert ( alarm) if the Hall
is occupied beyond its limit, also it puts on the light and fan based upon
the occupied level.

Sunday, February 10, 2008 St.Thomas College,Trichur 4

 SESSIONAGENDA
• INTRODUCTION
• MORE ABOUT THE PROJECT
• ABOUT PIC CPU
• REASON TO CHOOSE PIC MICRO CONTROLLER
• BLOCK DIAGRAM&EXPLANATION
• CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
• SOFTWARE SESSION-PROGRAM
• TOPICS TO COVER

Sunday, February 10, 2008 St.Thomas College,Trichur 5

 MORE ABOUT THE PROJECT
This project is an attempt to automate the hall in three different ways.

They are:-

•Binary counter which gives the present status of the number of people
entering and exiting through the door in the LCD placed in front of the door
•Automatic control of electronic devices inside the hall in response of the
people entering.
•Alarm system to indicate that the hall is over loaded as in case of theatre
where only limited number of peoples are admitted

Sunday, February 10, 2008 St.Thomas College,Trichur 6

 …MORE ABOUT THE PROJECT
Project is done mainly on the basis of PIC microcontroller. A register
is cleared and is continuously updating the number of people entering
and leaving the hall. Thus displaying the current status through the
LCD placed in front of the door. At the door in response to people
entering or exiting an Infrared relay is cutting off ,such that number or
the current status in the register is updated.
Inside the hall lies another part of our project i.e., electrical devices
are automated as in the case of more people entering the hall ,say a
count of 10. The lights and fan will be switched on as more and more
people enters the hall. And also when the count reaches 100, the
system will give an alarm to indicate that the hall is fully occupied.

Sunday, February 10, 2008 St.Thomas College,Trichur 7

 SESSIONAGENDA
• INTRODUCTION
• MORE ABOUT THE PROJECT
• ABOUT PIC CPU
• REASON TO CHOOSE PIC MICRO CONTROLLER
• BLOCK DIAGRAM&EXPLANATION
• CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
• SOFTWARE SESSION-PROGRAM
• TOPICS TO COVER

Sunday, February 10, 2008 St.Thomas College,Trichur 8

 ABOUT PIC CPU

We are using PIC16F7X series(PIC16F73),28/40 pin,8-bit CMOS

FLASH micro-controller. We use this PIC CPU mainly due to the
necessity of Transmission & Reception. PIC also provides USART. The
USART can be configured in the following modes:
•Asynchronous (full duplex)
•Synchronous-Master (half duplex)
•Synchronous-Slave (half duplex)

Sunday, February 10, 2008 St.Thomas College,Trichur 9

 …ABOUT PIC CPU

Here we consider only asynchronous mode of Tx & Rx.

The USART Asynchronous module consists of the following important
elements:
•Baud Rate Generator
•Sampling Circuit
•Asynchronous Transmitter
•Asynchronous Receiver

Sunday, February 10, 2008 St.Thomas College,Trichur 10

 SESSIONAGENDA
• INTRODUCTION
• MORE ABOUT THE PROJECT
• ABOUT PIC CPU
• REASON TO CHOOSE PIC MICRO CONTROLLER
• BLOCK DIAGRAM AND EXPLANATION
• CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
• SOFTWARE SESSION-PROGRAM
• TOPICS TO COVER

Sunday, February 10, 2008 St.Thomas College,Trichur 11

 REASON TO CHOOSE PIC
MICROCONTROLLER
• High performance RISC CPU.
• Need to study on a few instructions.
• Simple Programming.
• Interfacing made easy rather than µ-processor.
• Low power consumption.
• Wide operating voltage range.
• We can familiarize a new tool as the part of our
project.
Sunday, February 10, 2008 St.Thomas College,Trichur 12
 SESSIONAGENDA
• INTRODUCTION
• MORE ABOUT THE PROJECT
• ABOUT PIC CPU
• REASON TO CHOOSE PIC MICRO CONTROLLER
• BLOCK DIAGRAM AND EXPLANATION
• CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
• SOFTWARE SESSION
• PROGRAM TOPICS TO COVER
Sunday, February 10, 2008 St.Thomas College,Trichur 13
 BLOCK DIAGRAM

Sunday, February 10, 2008 St.Thomas College,Trichur 14

 IR1 IR2

Door 1
Store in a register
&add outgoing
status

“Add” for
incoming status

IR1 IR2 Calculate the

Present status Display on
LCD
Door 2

If count>0 Lights ON

If count >10 Fan ON

If count>100 Alarm ON

Sunday, February 10, 2008 St.Thomas College,Trichur 15

 ABOUT THE BLOCK DIAGRAM
Door 1 & Door2:- Here altogether 4 IR LEDS ( IR 1 & IR 2 on each side)
are used. If we consider a person entering through a door, the incoming
status is incremented if and only if second IR LED is also interrupted.
There is a chance for the person not entering the hall even if the first IR is
crossed. So we may conclude that a person has entered the hall only if both
the IR’s are interrupted.
Add for the out going &incoming status :- Here incoming and outgoing
can be considered through each door it self. That means door1 can be used
for both outgoing and incoming .outgoing status are taken together
(Door1+Door2) and added and stored in a register. Same is the case with
incoming status. They are internally connected to a register where the
present status in the hall is stored

Sunday, February 10, 2008 St.Thomas College,Trichur 16

…ABOUT THE BLOCK DIAGRAM

Automation process:-Here we are attempting to automate the hall.

Consider when one person enters the hall, we have programmed here such
that if the count>0, light is ON, which is the basic need. Consider few
more people, such that, if the count is >10, then the fan is ON.
Considering a maximum limit as in a case of a theatre or an auditorium,
say a 100, the alarm will go ON.
LCD Display:-When a person enters through either door, the register
count is incremented, and when they go out the count is decremented.
Each time present status is stored in the register & is displayed in an LCD
placed outside the hall.

Sunday, February 10, 2008 St.Thomas College,Trichur 17

 SESSIONAGENDA
• INTRODUCTION
• MORE ABOUT THE PROJECT
• ABOUT PIC CPU
• REASON TO CHOOSE PIC MICRO CONTROLLER
• BLOCK DIAGRAM AND EXPLANATION
• CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
• SOFTWARE SESSION-PROGRAM
• TOPICS TO COVER

Sunday, February 10, 2008 St.Thomas College,Trichur 18

 CIRCUIT DIAGRAM

Sunday, February 10, 2008 St.Thomas College,Trichur 19

 IR 2
21
22
Module 23
24
3 25
26 LCD
27
Module
16
17
18

PIC 16F73
33 PF
9
Light
11

10 12
Relay
Fan
19
8
13 system
Buzzer

Sunday, February 10, 2008 St.Thomas College,Trichur 20

 SOFTWARE SESSION
FLOWCHART

Sunday, February 10, 2008 St.Thomas College,Trichur 21

 Start
Main pgm:

Initialize
Ports

Clear all ports and

registers to be used

Initialize LCD

Display the current

status as’000’

No
Whether
B any crossed
first IR
receiver?

Sunday, February 10, 2008 St.Thomas College,Trichur 22

Yes
 Whether
any crossed
the second
IR
receiver?

Increment the counter

by 1

Call subroutine to display

the count in LCD

Whether
any
C
crossed
the second
IR
receiver?
Yes

Sunday, February 10, 2008 St.Thomas College,Trichur 23

 Convert the count to decimal
Subroutine: and store in two registers

Is
count>
0

ON the lights

Is
count
>9?

ON the fan

Is
coun
t>10
Sunday, February 10, 2008 St.Thomas
0 College,Trichur 24
 Whether
any crossed
the 1st IR
receiver?

Decrement the count

by 1

C
Call subroutine to
display in LCD

Sunday, February 10, 2008 St.Thomas College,Trichur 25

 ON the buzzer

Sent the ASCII value of the

corresponding digits in the
registers to the LCD

Return

Sunday, February 10, 2008 St.Thomas College,Trichur 26

 SESSIONAGENDA
• INTRODUCTION
• MORE ABOUT THE PROJECT
• ABOUT PIC CPU
• REASON TO CHOOSE PIC MICRO CONTROLLER
• BLOCK DIAGRAM AND EXPLANATION
• CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
• SOFTWARE SESSION
• CURRENT STATUS
• TOPICS TO COVER
Sunday, February 10, 2008 St.Thomas College,Trichur 27
 CURRENT STATUS
We burned our project programs. We have already gone through many
simple program like counting, transmission, reception etc. Programming
by PIC is rather simple than any other microcontroller. So far we have
covered the following.
•Incoming outgoing:- Current status is stored in a register. here for
the current status a synchronization is done between two doors.
•Counting program:- Considering the if conditions in our program,
i.e. if the count is greater than 0 & also if the count is greater
than10,the relay must be set ON.
•Comparing program:- For comparing whether the count is greater
than 0,or greater than 10,and also to know whether the count is more
than 100.After comparing, if the counting is greater than 100,a alarm
will be set ON.
Sunday, February 10, 2008 St.Thomas College,Trichur 28
 …CURRENT STATUS

We had constructed our circuit and also verified its

output. Only covered a small section of output. We
submitted our records and updated our report.

Sunday, February 10, 2008 St.Thomas College,Trichur 29

 SESSIONAGENDA
• INTRODUCTION
• MORE ABOUT THE PROJECT
• ABOUT PIC CPU
• REASON TO CHOOSE PIC MICRO CONTROLLER
• BLOCK DIAGRAM AND EXPLANATION
• OTHER COMPONENTS USED
• CURRENT STATUS
• TOPICS TO COVER

Sunday, February 10, 2008 St.Thomas College,Trichur 30

Sunday, February 10, 2008 St.Thomas College,Trichur 31