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Clean
energy Decays naturally in few days No harmful gases Hygeine fuel in terms of clenliness Can be used in cars without any much changes Improve mileage and life of engine of car
First
generation
generation
Third
generation
First generation biofuels made from sugar , starch, vegetable oils etc. The basic feedstocks for the production of these biofuels are wheat, sunflower seeds. It has been criticized for diverting food away from human food chain ,leading to food shortages and price rises.
Second
crops.
These
includes waste biomass,stalks of wheat ,corn ,wood. feedstock is abundant,but disposal problem.
This
Algae
fuel is also called oilgae,is biofuel from algae. Algae are low input, high yield feedstock to produce biofuels. Algae biofuel is an alternative to fossil fuels using earths natural resource.
Algae
Uses
Microalgae:
oContains
Macroalgae:
oComposed oProcessed
oProcessed
production
Water
Sunlight Carbon
dioxide
ALGAE
grows naturally use excess co2 from power plant pollution. Excess from algal biofuel production can feed livestock. Grown in places that are not suitable for agriculture. Superior yield Enhanced efficiencies or reduction in cost
Grown under a conditions which are unsuitable for conventional crop production.
Microalgae are the fastest growing. Under optimum growing conditions microalgae to produce upto 15000 gallons of oil /acre/year.
Capable of fixing CO2 in the atmosphere,which is major cause of global warming. Algae is non-toxic and is highly biodegradable.
ALGAE
CULTIVATION
BIOMASS
HARVESTING
OIL AND
Closed
systems (photobioreactors)
Less
initial cost Simple construction Almost no electrical power required Easy install in remote areas
Mal-Odour
oxygen. Open ponds can get contaminated. Loss of water due to evaporation. Too much sunlight can kill algae. Weather dependence high.
Tubular PBR
Provide
fast growth of algae with the high contents of oil. Economy of space. The reactor considerably reduces expenditures of labor. The system can work during long periods of time. Light is taken in reactor as much as it considerably increases its productivity. The bioreactor is equipped with convenient system of self cleaning that reduces pollution problem.
Harvesting
Separating algae from its growing medium is called harvesting. As algae two types: 1.Microalgae Use of settling ponds. Algae stored
2. Macroalgae
o
o
Employes manpower Cuts the seeweed and hauls inside the plastic bags or vessels.
a) Pressing oil from the algae Dry the algae and press the oil from it. While drying must prevent the algae from becoming contaminated Cheapest and simplest method b) Ultrasonic-assisted Extraction c) Chemical Oil Extraction Use hexane solvents to remove the oil. Removes oil out of almost all things.
Algal biomass
Algal residue
Methane charcoal
On
huge amount algae growth problem. To keep contaminants out at large scale difficult. Temperature. One of the greatest challenges in creating biofuels from algae is that when you extract the oil from the algae,it kills the organisms, dramatically raising production costs. Hopes for microalgae as a significant source of transportation fuels in the future.
ALGAE FUEL can be a best alternative source of fuel as fossil fuels are depleting day by day. CO2 charges the production of the algae and by the consumption of the biodiesel the CO2 is back in the environment. Thus,ecological balance is maintained So that day is not far when all cars will run on algae fuel.And soon we have a eco friendly drive Thus helping us to take one or more steps towards making human activities more friendly with mother earth.
Cultivating Clean Energy: The Promise of Algae Biofuels A position paper by John R Benemann Sept. 2008 OPPORTUNITIES AND CHALLENGES BY IN ALGAE BIOFUELSPRODUCTION www.oilage.com ALGAE-BASED BIOFUELSA Review of Challenges and Opportunities for Developing Countries www.google.com