Human Resource Management

What is Human Resource Management?

Basic Definition

managing the employment relationship (Tyson, 1987)

Key Assumption

Employees are the most important asset of the organization

Human Resource Management

The integration of all processes, programs, and systems in an organization that ensure staff are acquired and used in an effective way.

HR creates value by engaging in activities that produce the employee behaviors that the company needs to achieve its strategic goals.

Who Is Responsible for Managing Human Resources?

A partnership of: top management human resource professionals managers employees consultants

History of HRM

Scientific Management Approach Human Relation Approach Human Resource Approach

Objectives of HRM

To act as a liaison between top management & employees. To arrange & maintain adequate manpower. To offer training. To help keep up ethical values & behaviour among employees.

Qualities of HR Manager

Knowledge Communication Skills Objectivity & Fairness Leadership & Motivational Qualities Emotional maturity

Line and Staff Aspects of HRM

Line manager

A manager who is authorized to direct the work of subordinates and is responsible for accomplishing the organizations tasks.
A manager who assists and advises line managers.

Staff manager

Line Managers HRM Responsibilities

1.

Interpreting the firms policies and procedures

2.
3.

Controlling labor costs

Developing the abilities of each person

4.

Creating and maintaining department morale

Staff HR Management
1.

The line managers responsibility is to specify the qualifications employees need to fill specific positions. HR staff then develops sources of qualified applicants and conduct initial screening interviews HR administers the appropriate tests and refers the best applicants to the supervisor (line manager), who interviews and selects the ones he or she wants.

2.

3.

Role of HR Executive

Executive Facilitator Consultant Auditor

Emerging Roles for HR Managers

HR Proficiencies Business Proficiencies Leadership Proficiencies Learning Proficiencies

HR proficiencies (T/D, recruitment, compensation)

Business proficiencies (Strategic planning, marketing, production, finance, ROI) Leadership proficiencies (Drive change, implement new programs) Learning proficiencies (knowledge regarding software, etc.)

Human Resource Management Functions

Staffing Employee & Labor Relations Human Resource Development

HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT FUNCTIONS

Safety & Health

Compensation & Benefits

1. Staffing
Process through which an organization ensures that it always has the proper number of employees with the appropriate skills in the right jobs at the right time to achieve the organizations objectives.

Staffing

Job Analysis Human Resource Planning (HRP) Recruitment Selection

Job analysis
Systematic process of determining & recording all the pertinent information about a specific job, including the task involved ,the knowledge & skill set required ,the responsibility attached to the job & abilities required to perform the job.

Human resource planning Process of systematically reviewing human resource requirements to ensure that the required numbers of employees, with the required skills, are available when needed.

Human Resource Planning

Assessing Current Human Resources Assessing Future Human Resource Needs

Developing a Program to Meet Needs

Recruitment
Process of attracting qualified individuals and encouraging them to apply for work with the organization

Selection
Process through which the organization chooses, from a group of applicants, the individual best suited for the company and the position

2. Human Resource Development

A set of systematic and planned activities designed by an organization to provide its members with the necessary skills to meet current and future job demands.

Human Resource Development

1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

Training Development Career Planning Career Development Performance Appraisal

Training

Improving the knowledge, skills and attitudes of employees for the short-term, particular to a specific job or task, e.g.,

Employee orientation Skills & technical training Coaching Counseling

Development

Preparing for future responsibilities, while increasing the capacity to perform at a current job.

Management training Supervisor development

Career planning

An ongoing process whereby an individual sets career goals and identifies the means to achieve them

Career development

A formal approach used by the organization to ensure that people with the proper qualifications and experiences are available when needed.

Performance appraisal Employees and teams are evaluated to determine how well they are performing their assigned tasks.

Performance Appraisal Methods

Written Essays Critical Incidents MbO 360 Degree Appraisal

3. COMPENSATION AND BENEFITS

The processes of analyzing, developing, implementing, administering and performing ongoing evaluation of a total compensation and benefits system for all employee groups consistent with human resource management goals.

Compensation & Benefits

Money that a person receives for performing a job base pay

Pay -

Benefits -

Financial rewards in addition to

4. Safety and Health

Safety - Involves protecting employees from

injuries caused by work-related accidents Health - Refers to the employees' freedom from illness and their general physical and mental well-being.

5. EMPLOYEE AND LABOR RELATIONS

The processes of analyzing, developing, implementing, administering and performing ongoing evaluation of the workplace relationship between employer and employee (including the collective bargaining process and union relations), in order to maintain effective relationships and working conditions that balance the employer's needs with the employees' rights in support of the organization's strategic objectives.

Challenges to Hr Professionals

Cultural Environment Workforce Diversity The Labour Supply Technology Continuous Improvement Programs Employee Involvement

THE HUMAN RESOURCE FUNCTION IN ORGANIZATIONS OF VARIOUS SIZES

HR in Small Businesses

Seldom Have a Formal HR Unit Other Managers Handle HR Functions

The Human Resource Function in a Small Business

Manager/ Owner Sales Operations Finance

HR in a Medium-Sized Firm

Little specialization HR Manager is essentially the entire department

The Human Resource Function in a Medium-Sized Business

President
Sales Manager Operations Manager Finance Manager Human Resource Manager

Human Resource Functions in a Large-Sized Firm

Separate sections are often created Placed under an HR Manager Each HR function may have a supervisor & staff HR Manager works closely with top management in formulating policy

The Human Resource Functions in a Large Firm

President
Marketing Manager Operations Manager Finance Manager HR Manager
Manager Compensation & Benefits Manager Staffing

Manager Training and Development Manager Labor Relations Manager Safety & Health

Types of HRM Jobs

Employment, Recruiting and Placement Interviewer, College Recruiter Training and Development Trainer, Orientation Specialist Compensation and Benefits Salary Administrator, Compensation Analyst, and Benefits Administrator

Types of HRM Jobs

Employee and Labor Relations Labor Relations Specialist, Plant Personnel Assistant, Employee Relations Specialist Health, Safety and Security Safety specialist, Employee Assistance Program Counselor