UNIT 1

J.T.

Dunlop defines industrial relations as the interrelations among managers,

complex
Dale

workers and agencies of the governments

Yoder industrial relations is the process of

management dealing with one or more unions with a view to negotiate and subsequently administer collective bargaining agreement or labour contract.

 In

the broad sense, industrial relations cover all

such relationships that a business enterprise maintains with various sections of the society such as workers, state, customers and public who come into its contact.
In

the narrow sense, it refers to all types of

relationships between employer and employees,

trade union and management, works and union

HUMAN RELATIONS

INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS

The term human relations lays stress upon the

The

term

industrial

relations is used widely in

processes of inter-personal
relationships among individuals as well as the

industrial organizations and

refers to the relations

between the employers and

behavior of individuals as
members of groups.

workers in an organization,
at any specified time.

 It It

establishes industrial democracy contributes to economic growth and

development
It It

improves morale of he work force ensures optimum use of scare resources

It

discourages unfair practices on the part of both

management and unions

 To

work in the direction of establishing and ensure workers participation in decision-

maintaining industrial democracy.

To

making.
To

increase the morale and discipline of workers.

It
It

prompts enactment of sound labour legislation

facilitates change

 To

ensure better working conditions, living

conditions and reasonable wages.

To

develop employees to adapt themselves for

technological, social and economic changes.

To

make positive contributions for the economic

development of the country

 The

scope of industrial relations includes all a.Bringing cordial and healthy labour

aspects of relationships such as

management relations
b. Creating industrial peace c. Developing industrial democracy

To bring better understanding and cooperation between employers and workers. To establish a proper channel of communication between workers and management. To ensure constructive contribution of trade unions. To avoid industrial conflicts and to maintain

harmonious relations.

To safeguard the interest of workers and the management.

Mental

inertia

on

the

part

of

management and labour

An intolerant attitude of contempt of contempt towards the workers on the part of management.

Inadequate fixation of wage or wage

structure

Unhealthy working conditions Indiscipline

Lack of human relations skill on the part of supervisors and other managers

Desire on the part of the workers for higher bonus or

DA and the corresponding desire of the employers to

give as little as possible

Inappropriate introduction of automation without providing the right climate

 Unduly

heavy workloads welfare facilities on sharing the gains of productivity

Inadequate Dispute

Unfair

labour practices, like victimization and

dismissals and lock-outs on the

undue dismissal
Retrenchment,

part of management and strikes on the part of the workers

 Inter-union General

rivalries; and

economic and political environment,

such as rising prices, strikes by others, and general indiscipline having their effect on the employees attitudes.

Trade Union
A continuous association

Organized Labour
Organized Labour is used to distinguish workers/ employees who are members of trade unions or employee

Labour Movement
The term Labour Movement is generally

of wage-earners or
salaried employees for maintaining the conditions of their working lives and ensuring them a better and healthier status in industry as well as in the society.

applied to all the various

types of long-term association of workers / employees that the formed in industrialized or industrializing economies

association from those

who are unorganized, i.e. who are not members of any union.

In Mumbai, as early as in 1975, a movement was started under the leadership of Sorabji Shapurju. Protested against the appealing conditions of the factory workers and appealed for introduction of adequate legislation to prevent

them.

The credit of laying the foundation of the organized labour movement in India is at time accorded to Mr. N.M. Lokhande, a

factory worker.

An agitation was organized by him a 1984 in Mumbai. This resulted in certain amenities being extended to the mill workers which led to the organization of the Mumbai Milhands

Organized labour movement in India started at eh end of the First World War. Rising prices, without a corresponding increase in wages, despite the employers making huge profits, led to a new awakening.

Strikes during 1919 to 1922

Fueled by Russian Revolution, establishment of the

ILO , All-India Trade Union Congress

Social Welfare Period from 1875-1918

Early Trade Union Period from 1918-1924

Left Wing Trade Unionism period from 1924-1934

Trade Union Unity Period from 1935-1938

Second World war period from 1939-1945

Post Independen ce Period from 1947Date

All-India Trade Union Congress (AITUC)

Indian National Trade Union Congress (INTUC)

Hind Mazdoor Sangha (HMS)

United Trade Union Congress (UTUC)

 Reformist

ACCORDING TO PURPOSE Revolutionary

ON THE Craft Union BASIS OF Staff Union MEMBERSHIP Industrial Union STRUCTURE

 Belief

to get wages increased and maintained at

a reasonable standard
Collective Proper

strength of labour-management

maintenance

relations

Members

Organizatio n

Union

Society

 Multiplicity

of Trade Unions and Inter-union

Rivalry
Small

Size of Unions Weakness Issues of the Unions

Financial

Leadership

Politicalisation

Problems

of Recognition of Trade Unions

International Trade Union

Organization

World Federation of Trade Unions (WFTU)

World Confederation of Labour

(WCL) International Confederation of Free Trade Unions (ICFTU) International Labour Organization (ILO)

 Voluntarily

adopted inter-union code of conduct

on May 21,1958 for harmonious inter union relations by

1.
Congress (AITUC)

Indian

National
(INTUC)

Trade

Union

2. All-India Trade Union Congress 3. Hind Mazdoor Sangha (HMS)

Every employee in Industry shall have freedom and right to join a union of his own choice There shall be no dual membership There shall be unreserved acceptance of and respect for the democratic functioning of trade unions Casteism, communalism and provincialism shall be

eschewed

Regular and democratic elections of executive bodies No violence, coercion, intimidation in inter union dealing

 Explain

about the Trade Union/Labour

bodies/Association of any Company of your choice. [ppt or written or typed]