Introduction to Anatomy

Gross anatomy
Regional anatomy Upper limb & lower limb Thorax Abdomen & pelvis Head & neck Brain Systemic anatomy Nervous system (neurology) Vascular system( Angiology) Skeletal system (Osteology) Respiratory, Digestive, Endocrine& Urogenital system (Splanchnology)

Histology
a. General b. Systemic

Embryology
a. General b. Systemic

Radiology

Clinical anatomy

Anatomical position

 Trendelenberg Position
Lying supine with his head slightly lower than feet.

Lithotomy position

or Midsagittal plane or frontal plane

Planes
Other planes Horizontal plane sagittal plane

/
Dorsal

/ventral

Surface
Palmar Dorsal

Plantar& Dorsal surface of foot

Flexor surface Extensor surface

Cranial or rostral Caudal

OTHER TERMS Central Peripheral External Internal Superficial Deep Ipsilateral Contralateral

Flexion
To bend at a joint, or to reduce the angle.

Extension
To increase the angle

At shoulder joint

Flexion & extension of Thumb

Flexion

Extension

Lateral

At Trunk

Head movements

At the Foot

Abduction
movement away from midline

Adduction
movement towards midline

Adduction & Abduction at Leg

Abduction & Adduction of fingers

Abduction & Adduction of thumb

At wrist

Abduction

Adduction

Rotation

Movement on longitudinal axis

Medial rotation

Lateral rotation

Rotation of Trunk and Head

Circumduction

Sequence of flexion, abduction, extension, adduction & rotational movements

Elevation

Depression

At shoulder joint

Supination
-To rotate the forearm so that the palm faces forward.

Pronation
To rotate the forearm so that the palm faces backward.

Supination

Pronation

Protraction and Retraction

Protraction = movement anteriorly on horizontal plane thrusting the shoulders, jaw, or pelvis forward Retraction is movement posteriorly

At jaw

Opposition and Reposition of thumb

Inversion

Eversion

 Medial Rotation
to turn inward.

Lateral Rotation to turn outward

Directional Terms

TERMS USED FOR DESCRIBING VESSELS

Capillaries Anastomosis

TERMS USED FOR DESCRIBING MUSCLES

THANKS !!!

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