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WHAT IS POVERTY ?
Poverty is about not having enough money to meet basic needs including food, clothing and shelter. However, poverty is more, much more than just not having enough money. The world bank describes poverty as: Poverty is hunger. Poverty is lack of shelter. Poverty is being sick and not being able to see a doctor. Poverty is not having access to school and not knowing how to read. Poverty is not having a job, is fear for the future, living one day at a time.
Under Relative poverty the Absolute poverty refers to the economic conditions of measure of poverty , keeping in different regions or countries is view the per capita intake of compared. The capita income calories and minimum level of and the national income are the consumption . two indicators of relative Per capita income : poverty. According to the UNO National income those countries are treated poor Population whose per capita income is less than US $725 per annum.
MEASUREMENT OF POVERTY
EXPENDIURE METHOD INCOME METHOD
Under this the minimum food requirements for survival is estimated. The food value is converted into calories. The caloric value of food is then converted into the money value i.e. in rupees. The total equivalent amount is considered as the poverty line.
This method is used by the government while distributing food through PDS at the local level. Under this a poverty line is fixed by the government. All the families whose total income is less than the poverty line fixed by the government are considered as BPL.
VULNERABLE GROUP
Poverty and occupation both are co-related. Most of the poor people include agricultural and casual laborers, the SCs , STs and the physically challenged.
60 50 40
30
20 10 0 Sheduled Tribes Urban Casual Rural Labourers Agricultural Labourers Sheduled Castes
CAUSES OF POVERTY
BRITISH RULE RURAL ECONOMY HEAVY PRESSURE OF POPULATION CHRONIC UNEMPLOYMENT AND UNDEREMPLOYMENT LACK OF PROPER INDUSTRIALISATION SOCIAL FACTORS INDIAS ECONOMIC POLICY NEO-LIBERAL POLICIES AND THEIR EFFECTS
BIHAR
MADHYA PRADESH MAHARASHTRA ORISSA TAMIL NADU UTTAR PRADESH WEST BENGAL GOA GUJARAT HARYANA HIMACHAL PRADESH JAMMU & KASHMIR
425.64
298.54 227.99 169.09 130.48 529.89 213.49 0.70 67.89 17.34 5.12 3.46
42.60
37.43 25.03 47.15 21.12 31.15 27.02 4.40 14.07 8.74 7.63 3.48
KERALA PUNJAB
41.04 14.49
12.72 6.16
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