Guiding

1. Explorers Participant observers who travel alone or in very small groups Do not require tourism accommodations or attractions Offer little or no threat to the local residents 2. Elite Travelers Can afford to spend much to have unusual travel experiences

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in number and therefore pose little or no threat to the local population They demand some degree of comfort in amenities 3. Off-beat Tourists They travel alone or in very small number They avoid crowds, other tourists, and typical sightseeing They adapt well to the local lifestyles and amenities and pose few problems to local residents

4. Unusual Tourists They demand more amenities They look for unusual, adventurous or primitive experiences 5. Incipient Mass Tourist They represent business and vacation travelers They usually travel individually or in small groups Demand western style amenities

6. Mass Tourist Large groups of middle-class travelers who visit popular sites Demand western style amenities 7. Charter Tourists They arrive in large groups, generating a large volume of business but often demanding impersonal and standardized services.

 Reasons

why people opt for group travel; comfort, safety, education, economy and companionship Offers the easiest and often the only way to gain access to some places At present, group travelers include families, extended family reunions, corporate travelers, association executives, association members, clubs and affinity groups, school groups, university and alumni groups, people with disabilities, business and incentive groups.

1. Student Groups Popular in historic places or in places that lend themselves in someway to the curriculum of the school It is important for teachers and guides to establish clear ground rules and require discipline among the students. It is expected that the guide will conduct the tour at the level of understanding of the students rather than that of adults

2. Business Travelers Those who are visiting a region to conduct business such as sales, research, meetings and conferences In the planning stage, tour guides must keep in mind that sightseeing is usually secondary to the trip of business travelers Business travelers are usually interested in an overview rather than on in-depth tour

3. Incentive Travelers Business people who are given trips by companies as a reward for their accomplishments or to motivate them to achieve more than what is required These people visit an area principally for pleasure

4. Family Travelers Organizing tours for families is an interesting challenge because interpretations must appeal to two or sometimes three generations In conducting tours with parents and infants or toddlers, interpretations should be directed towards the adults. As the children become older, the guide directs commentary to them

5. Senior Citizens Some characteristics are favorable; some are unfavorable Demanding, slow, patient, impatient, repetitive, and punctual

6. Clubs or Affinity Groups With common interests They are generally enjoyable especially when values or interests of the group coincide with that of the guide These groups are usually pre-acquainted and compatible

7. Public Tour Groups They decide to visit the same place at the same time They are usually not acquainted with each other The most obvious challenge for the guide is to interpret to a diverse group of people and attempt to unite the group

1. Travelers are more diverse in their taste, behavior and values. Guides must develop a deeper understanding of various countries and cultures 2. Because travelers are exposed to other cultures through television, movies, videos and travel, guides must be able to provide a broader, more cosmopolitan perspective. 3. Because travelers now have traveled more than previous generations, they may be more discriminating and demanding about the level of service and care they receive.

4. Because of increased demands on time, travelers may wish to see more in less time. There are other travelers who prefer ndepth, slower-paced excursions. 5. Because those who have already traveled to popular regions will be more interested in unusual places, guides in rural areas will be given more opportunities.

6. Because the future will demand that guides specialize in a wide variety of areas such as nature, architecture, foreign and sign languages.