IT IN BUSINESS TRENDS

HARDWARE SOFTWARE NETWORKING INTERNET

GROUP MEMBERS
SAHER IMTIAZ NIDA NAEEM SUNDUS MASOOD HUMA RAZAQ ANEELA HAMEED

IMPORTANCE OF IT IN BUSINESS
WHAT IS IT?

HOW BUSINESSES ARE EMPLOYING IT

ADVANTAGES OF IT
Storing and protecting information

Automated processes
Work remotely Communication

Increased efficiency
Enabler of innovation Collapser of time and space

IT INFRASTRUTURE

Internet

Hardware

Networking

Software

HARDWARES
TYPES OF COMPUTERS STORAGE TECHNOLOGIES INPUT TECHNOLOGIES OUTPUT TECHNOLOGIES HARDWARE TRENDS

TYPES OF COMPUTERS

Computers come in different sizes with varying capabilities for processing information

FLOPS (Floating point operations per second)

PDAs, handheld mobile devices PCs Workstation

More powerful mathematical and graphics-processing capabilities than a PC

Servers

Type of midrange computer Support computer network, sharing files and resources Provide hardware platform for e-commerce

 Mainframes

Large-capacity, high-performance computer that can process large amounts of data very rapidly E.g. used by airlines for thousands of reservations per second

Supercomputer

More sophisticated computer used for tasks requiring extremely rapid and complex calculations with thousands of variables, millions of measurements Used in engineering, scientific simulations, military/weapons research, weather forecasting

Grid computing

Power of geographically remote computers connected into single network to act as virtual supercomputer

 Client/server computing

Form of distributed computing Splits processing between clients and servers Clients: User point of entry Servers: Store and process shared data and perform network management activities

Enterprise computing:

STORAGE
Primary secondary storage technologies

Magnetic disk:
Floppy disk Hard disk drives,

Optical disks
CD-ROM, CD-RW, DVD USB flash drives RAID

Magnetic tape Storage networking: SANs

A Storage Area Network (SAN)

INPUT AND OUTPUT TECHNOLOGIES

Input devices:

Gather data and convert them into electronic form

Keyboard Computer mouse

Touch screen
Optical character recognition Magnetic ink character recognition Pen-based input Sensors

 Output devices:

Display data after they have been processed

Monitor Printer Audio output

 Aneela

Contemporary Hardware Trends

The Emerging Mobile Digital Platform Nanotechnology

Creating computer chips and other devices thousands of times smaller through manipulating individual atoms, molecules

 Nano tubes are tiny tubes

about 10,000 times thinner than a human hair. They consist of rolled up sheets of carbon hexagons, have potential uses as minuscule wires or in ultra small electronic devices, and are very powerful conductors of electrical current.

 Edge computing

Multitier, load-balancing scheme for Web-based applications

Significant parts of Web site content, logic, and processing performed by smaller, less expensive servers located nearby the user

Increases response time and resilience and lowers technology costs.

Autonomic computing

Development of systems that can configure themselves, heal themselves; e.g. self-updating antivirus software

Edge Computing

 Virtualization

Process of presenting a set of computing resources so they can be accessed in ways that are unrestricted by physical configuration or geographic location Server virtualization: Running more than one operating system at the same time on single machine.

Cloud Computing

Green Computing

SOFTWARES
TYPES OF SOFTWARE SYSTEM SOFTWARE APPLICATION SOFTWARE

The Major Types of Software

SYSTEM SOFTWARE
Perform common computer hardware functions

Provide a user interface

Provide a degree of hardware independence Manage system memory

Manage processing tasks

Provide networking capability Manage files

ROLE OF OPERATING SOFTWARE

Workgroup Operating Systems

Netware

Red Hat Linux

Mac OS X Server Microsoft Windows XP

Linux (Open source)

Solaris (Sun)

APPLICATION SOFTWARE
Application programming languages for

business

COBOL C, C++ Visual Basic: Visual programming language

Fourth-generation languages

 Software packages and desktop

productivity tools

Word processing software Spreadsheet software

Data base management software

Presentation graphics Web browsers

Word Processing Program

Spreadsheet Program

Graphics Program

TurboTax

Quicken

Software for the Web: Java, AJAX, and HTML

Java

Operating system-independent, processor-independent, object-oriented programming language

AJAX

Allows a client and server to exchange data behind the scenes to avoid reloading a Web page after each change

Hypertext markup language (HTML)

Page description language for specifying how elements are placed on a Web page and for creating links to other pages and objects

Web Services
Web services:

Software components that exchange information with each other using universal Web communication standards and languages
XML (extensible markup language) Service oriented architecture (SOA)

Software Trends
Open Source Software

Ubuntu

Cloud-Based Software Services and Tools

Google Apps, Windows Live

Mashups Widgets

NETWORKING

LOCAL AREA NETWORKS (LAN) WIDE AREA NETWORKS (WAN) WIRELESS TRANSMISSION MEDIA VIRTUAL PRIVATE NETWORKS (VPN) VOICE OVER INTERNET PROTOCOL (VOIP) INTRANET EXTRANET

INTRANET, EXTRANET

INTERNET
What is internet?? Internet services: Email Instant Messaging Newsgroups Telnet File Transfer Protocol World Wide Web

NEW TRENDS :
Wireless Computer Networks And Internet access: Bluetooth Wi-Fi Wi-max RFID Wireless Sensor Networks

PAN

RFID

Wireless Sensor network

E-COMMERCE

E-tailing or "virtual storefronts" "

The gathering and use of demographic data

through Web contacts Electronic Data Interchange (EDI), the businessto-business exchange of data E-mail and Fax Business-to-business buying and selling The security of business transactions

CONCLUSION
New breakthroughs in information processing

technology will challenge our ability to harness and integrate these advances into society, corporations, and governmental organizations

Rapid organizational changes will be the norm

Failure to embrace change dooms organizations and

their leaders to failure