JAPAN

TSUNAMI

MARCH 12, 2011

The situation
As of 27 March 2011, the official death toll from the disaster stands at 10,804, with 2,776 people reported injured. A total of 16,244 people are registered as missing, while 242,881 people are displaced and/or evacuated. The displaced individuals and families are sheltered in 2,038 evacuation centres in Tohoku and Kanto regions, mostly in schools and other public buildings.18,649 houses are reported to be destroyed and another 116,835 houses damaged. A total of 26,646 people have thus far been rescued.

At $309 billion, Japan quake costliest-ever disaster

The Japanese government said that this months tsunami which has killed over 9000 people so far may have caused damages of upto $309 billion( nearly Rs.13.85 lakh crore) making it the largest-ever natural catastrophe in terms of economic damage. So far the record was held by Huricane Karina, which is said to have caused damages of around $75 billion. The first official estimates from Japan mean that the tsunami's economic impact is nearly four times that of Katrina. At this scale, the damage caused by the tsunami is 10% higher than Indias total spending in 2011-12, which is budgeted at Rs.12.58 lakh crore.

Tsunami Warning System Elements

Communication & Transmission of Tsunami Warning to Localities & Civil Defense Authorities
TSUNAMI

Local government Central Government

Signboard

TSUNAMI

Radio
TSUNAMI

/Radio Station

TVTelops, Warning maps

13

Promoting Basic Knowledge about TSUNAMI Disaster

Safe Evacuation Route

+
Early Warning

Understanding of Hazardous Areas

Appropriate Risk Awaweness of Local Communities Safe Evacuation

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Tsunami Evacuation Route Sign 1

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Pictogram on Tsunami
Tsunami Hazard Area Tsunami Evacuation Area Tsunami Evacuation Building

There is a high possibility to be flooded in this area when earthquake occurs.

Safe place/hill for evacuation against Tsunami.

Building for evacuation against Tsunami.

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Sign of Previous Tsunami Height (2)

Inundated level of previous Tsunami

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Tsunami Evacuation Map

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Tsunami countermeasures taken by local municipalities and communities (1)

Group session on evacuation plan

(Urado-District, Kochi Pref.)

Evacuation drill on Tsunami

(Taro Town, Iwate Pref.)

25

Tsunami countermeasures taken by local municipalities and communities (2)

Check of the dangerous points

(Nansei-Town, Mie Pref.)

Training for supplying food

(Yawatahama-city, Ehime Pref.)

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Tsunami countermeasures taken by local municipalities and communities (3)

Meeting on the disaster map

(Bungo-Takada-city, Oita Pref.)

Drill for disaster management with maps

(Hyga-city, Oita Pref.)

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Tsunami Hazard Maps

Purpose

- Identifying and showing vulnerable areas - Enhancing peoples awareness

Showing information on disaster risks and evacuation routes, etc.

Letting residents in coastal areas and visitors know the hazard map through various opportunities Tsunami drills

Tsunami Hazard MapSusaki City

National Government prepared a guideline for help local authorities to make and use hazard maps.
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Possible large-scale earthquakes and tsunamis in Japan

Tokyo Inland EQ

Tokai EQ

Tonankai & Nankai EQ

Japan Trench & Chishima Trench EQs

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Japan and its major seacoasts

Suruga Trough

200 km

400 km

600 km

800 km

1,000 km

Seismic areas for reinforcing and promoting disaster reduction measures related to the Tokai, Tonankai and Nankai Earthquakes District (undesignated) for promoting seismic disaster reduction measures related to earthquakes along the Japan Trench and the Chishima Trench

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Estimation of damage caused by possible EQs

(by technical investigation committees of Central Disaster Management Council)

(Maximum cases)

Tokai EQ
9,200 (7,900 by strong tremors)

Tonankai Nankai EQ
18,000 (8,600

Kobe EQ 1995
6,436

Victims
(persons)

by tsunamis)

Houses
destroyed

260,000

360,000

105,000

Economic loss
(billion yen)

37,000

57,000

10,000
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Earthquake Warning System

location of detected seismic activity, and its severity

The image above shows the location of tsunami buoys across the Pacific

Warning System

How it came

An 8.9-magnitude earthquake struck the coast of Japan on Friday at a depth of about 17 miles below the earth's surface. Dozens of aftershocks, some of magnitude 6.0 or greater, were felt after the quake.

Huge fires
32/27

Nuclear Disaster

34/27

Overview of the Power Plant

I'm interested in seeing authoritative model results showing how radioactive contaminants from Japan might circulate through wind and water.

Environmental Impact

Mass fish death

Houses are shown in flames while the Natori river floods over the surrounding area with tsunami tidal waves in Natori city, Miyagi Prefecture, Northern Japan.

Houses swallowed by tsunami waves burn in Sendai, Miyagi Prefecture (state), Japan

This aerial shot shows houses in flames after being hit by a tsunami at Natori city in Miyagi prefecture, Japan.

Giant fireballs rise from a burning oil refinery in Ichihara, Chiba Prefecture (state), Japan.

Houses and others burn in Natori, Miyagi Prefecture (state), Japan.

A building is in flames near Sendai airport, Miyagi prefecture (state), Japan.

Burned-out cars are pictured at Hitachi Harbour, Ibaraki Prefecture in northeastern Japan March 12. (Kyodo/Reuters)

An aerial view shows tsunami damage and flooding in Natori city, Miyagi prefecture on March 12. (Jiji Press/AFP/Getty Images)

Smoke billows from houses in Natori, Northern Japan.

Houses, cars and other debris are washed away by tsunami tidal waves in Kesennuma in Miyagi Prefecture.

Cars and other Debris swept away by tsunami tidal waves.

Shores are submerged in Natori city, Miyagi prefecture (state), Japan.

Light planes and vehicles sit among the debris after they were swept by a tsumani that struck Sendai airport.

Earthquake-triggered tsumanis sweep shores along Iwanuma in Northern Japan.

Waves of tsunami hit residences after a powerful earthquake in Natori, Miyagi prefecture (state), Japan.

Fishing boats and vehicles are carried by a tsunami wave at Onahama port in Iwaki city, in Fukushima prefecture, Northern Japan.

A tsumani triggered by a powerful earthquake makes its way to sweep part of Sendai airport in Northern Japan.

Tarmac, parking lot and surrounding area are covered with mud and debris carried by tsunami at Sendai Airport in Sendai, Miyagi Prefecture (state), Japan.

Sendai Airport is surrounded by waters in Miyagi prefecture (state), Japan

The tarmac and surrounding area of Sendai Airport is covered with water after a tsunami at in Sendai, Miyagi Prefecture Japan.

Vehicles being washed away by a tsunami in Japan after that country was struck by a magnitude 8.9 earthquake.

Local residents watch the devastation provoked by a tsunami tidal wave smashing vehicles and houses at Kesennuma city in Miyagi prefecture, Japan.

People make their way past cars carried by a tsunami to the entrance of an elementary school after an earthquake in Sendai, northeastern Japan.

A light plane mingles with debris following a massive tsunami triggered by a huge earthquake at Sendai airport in Sendai, northern Japan.

A ship lifted up into a town by a tsunami following an earthquake is seen in Miyagi Prefecture, northeastern Japan.

A factory building has collapsed in Sukagawa city, Fukushima prefecture, Japan.

Residents check the damaged done on a road a house in Sukagawa city, Fukushima prefecture, Japan

A whirlpool is seen near Oarai City, Ibaraki Prefecture, northeastern Japan, on March 11, 2011

A ship tossed ashore by a tsunami following an earthquake is seen in Aomori Prefecture, Japan.

Workers inspect a caved-in section of a prefectural road in Satte, Saitama Prefecture, Japan.

An aerial shot shows vehicles ready for shipping being carried by a tsunami tidal wave at Hitachinaka city in Ibaraki prefecture, Japan.

People gather outside Sendai station after a powerful earthquake.

Hundreds of people wait for busses at a Tokyo bus terminal as commuter trains stopped their services in the Tokyo metropolitan area.

Commuters sit stranded at Tokyo railway station as train services are suspended due to a powerful earthquake.

Evacuees stand around Shinjuku Central Park in Tokyo on March 11, 2011.

Before & After Disasters Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Plant

The Fukushima Daiichi nuclear complex. Radiation leaked from the crippled plant after explosions in three of its six reactors. Fire at a fourth reactor spells more trouble.

In this town, search for survivors turned into a search for bodies. Among the dead are mostly elderly people. The Natori river here grew from a sedate flow to a raging wall of destruction.
Yuriage Town

The tsunami left a trail of devastation,reducing the airport to a water world. The runway was inundated, aircraft swept away and the terminal building badly damaged.

Sendai's city center, about 7 miles inland, remained largely intact after the quake, but there was massive damage along the coast. Much of the airport, which is less than a mile from the water, was also destroyed.

Commond & control System

 Electric Power Companies TohokuElectric Power Tokyo-Electric Power (TEPCO) Hokkaido-Electric Power Chubu-Electric Power

 Government Agencies Japan Meteorological Agency Tsunami Warnings/Advisories Nuclear and Industrial Safety Agency Pacific Tsunami Warning Center Prime Minister of Japan and His Cabinet

 Missing persons phone lines (Japanese language) Iwate: 0120-801-471 Miyagi: 022-221-2000 Fukushima: 0120-510-186 / 090-84244207 / 090-8424-4208 Emergency voicemail message board 171 + 1 + phone number to leave a message,171 + 2 + phone number to listen to a message

Effects of Tsunami Environmental Impact Solid waste Management Contamination of Soil and Water Infrastructure Damage

Thanks