Evolution and Sustaintability of In-Situ Concrete Flat Slabs in Office Buildings

Evolution and sustainability of in-situ concrete flat slabs in office buildings
INTRODUCTION
SUSTAINIBILITY STUDY RESULTS CONCLUSIONS
Libana, O.1; G. Pulido1, MD; Gmez Hermoso J. 2

1University
of San Pablo CEU (Madrid)
2University
Politcnica de Madrid
XXXVII IAHS WORLD CONGRESS ON HOUSING. Santander (Spain). 26-29 October 2010
II. DESIGN FOR SUSTAINABILITY AND REFURBISHMENT. Criteria of design
INTRODUCTION
flat slabs in office buildings in Spain flat plate: most common floor
Easy of construction Simpler and quicker construction Reduces execution timeframe Increases construction safety
INTRODUCTION
flat slabs in office buildings in Spain flat plate waffle slab: very common floor in Spain
Relatively light, less weight Less foundation costs Longer spans are economic Excellent vibration control
INTRODUCTION
flat slabs in office buildings in Spain
flat plate waffle slab Post-tensioned flat plate: considerably more expensive in Spain
More efficient Thinner slabs , lighter structures Reduction in rebar tonnage Reduced cracking and deflections Reduced floor to floor height .
Why do PT floors compete economically with traditional floor slabs in other countries?........ LOW SPECIALIZATION - SUSTAINABILITY CRITERIA INTROD.
INTRODUCTION
CO2 emissions
LEED rating
Cement manufacturing process liberates approximately 5% of the total emissions delivered in the atmosphere annually. is deficient, it does not reflect the significant contributions of PT concrete structural efficiency to real sustainability it does not reward suitably more sustainable solutions aiming at the optimization of materials
Introduction of sustainability criteria in construction may be a necessary evolution.

INTRODUCTION
Floor building Office building in Madrid Module 50x50 meters Three levels: Parking, Storage (high loads) and Lobby Mesh of columns with a distance of 8x8 m Three structural solutions: flat plate, waffle slab and PT flat slab. Thickness of the slabs and width of the ribs variations PT: the prestressing is bonded, flat ducts, tendons are formed by 4 or 3 strands of 0.62, grouped in a single flat duct (70x20mm)
Study The minimum thickness: EHE-08, EC-2 and ACI318-08 criteria The minimum bonded reinforcement for crack control Steel fiber variation Measuring emissions from the quantities of materials (ITEC)
INTRODUCTION
Measuring emissions from the quantities of materials % CO2 - PT flat slab 320 mm 177.3 kgCO2/m2
cement 5% 4% 9% 50% 3% rebar tendons
combust.
formwork aggregates duct water 25% grouting
INTRODUCTION
700 600 500
400
Ton CO2 300
Formwork
PT Rebar Concrete Waffle Slab Flat slab PT Flat slab Waffle Slab Flat slab PT Flat slab Waffle Slab Flat slab PT Flat slab
200
100 0
BASEMENT (high loads)
PUBLIC FLOOR
UNDERGRONUD PARKING
Tons of CO2 depending on use and type of slab

INTRODUCTION
700 600 500
Formwork
Ton CO2
400
300 200 100 0
450 FLAT SLAB 420 FLAT SLAB 320 PT FLAT SLAB
Grouting Duct Tendons Rebar
Concrete
Tons of CO2. Solid flat plates (Basement-high loads)

INTRODUCTION
100% 90% 80% 70% % Ton CO2 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0%
Formwork
Grouting
Duct Tendons Rebar Concrete
WS 40+10/200
420 FLAT SLAB Flat slabs
320 PT FLAT SLAB
% of CO2 of flat slabs (Basement-high loads)

INTRODUCTION
1. Selection criteria
SUSTAINABILITY STUDY RESULTS CONCLUSIONS
At present: design known solutions .. No evolution of specialized techniques Necessary: Project specialization and execution Sustainable evolution in current construction practice 2. EHE-08 code Building PT slabs At present: innovative code with respect to special concrete issues or durability Necessary: Sections specifically related to PT slabs should be revised urgently 3. Sustainability in the study PT solution is always the most sustainable option, particularly for high loading The difference is not so important in voided options with moderate loading. Small changes in thickness, in width of the joist or in the topping slab do not significantly improve CO2 emission data. Replacement of rebar for steel fibers does not involve a decrease in emissions
INTRODUCTION
REFERENCES
1.
SUSTAINABILITY STUDY RESULTS CONCLUSIONS
USGBC. U. S. Green Building Council. Green Building Design and Construction Reference Guide 2. POST-TENSIONING INSTITUTE. PTI. PT-Gray is the new Green. PTI Journal. 41. Sustainability and Post-Tensioned Concrete. August 2009. V.7. n1. 2009. 3. EHE-08. Instruccin de Hormign Estructural. Comisin Permanente del Hormign. 1 edicin revisada. Ministerio de Fomento. Madrid. 2008 4. Isaia, G.C. and Gastaldini, A.L, G. Concrete sustainability with very high amount of fly ash and slag. Ibracon Structures and materials 5. EC-2. Eurocode 2: Design of concrete structures- Part 1:General rules and rules for buildings. 6. Building Code Requirements for Structural Concrete (ACI 318-08) and Commentary. An ACI Standard. Reported by ACI Committee 318. Structural Building Code. American Concrete Institute. USA.2008 7. CONCRETE SOCIETY. CS. Post-tensioned concrete floors. Design Handbook. Concrete Society Technical Report n43. 2ed. UK. 2005 8. POST-TENSIONING INSTITUTE. PTI. Post-Tensioning Manual. 6th Edition. 9. ATEP. Recomendaciones para el proyecto y construccin de losas postesadas con tendones no adherentes HP9.96. Manuales de la ATEP. 10. Institut de Tecnologia de la Construcci de Catalunya. ITEC. Banco estructurado de elementos constructivos BEDEC.
INTRODUCTION
Libana, O.1; G. Pulido1, MD; Gmez Hermoso J. 2

1University
of San Pablo CEU (Madrid)
2University
Politcnica de Madrid

Evolution and Sustaintability of In-Situ Concrete Flat Slabs in Office Buildings

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Evolution and Sustaintability of In-Situ Concrete Flat Slabs in Office Buildings

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Evolution and sustainability of in-situ concrete flat slabs in office buildings

SUSTAINIBILITY STUDY RESULTS CONCLUSIONS

Evolution and sustainability of in-situ concrete flat slabs in office buildings

Libana, O.1; G. Pulido1, MD; Gmez Hermoso J. 2

of San Pablo CEU (Madrid)

Evolution and sustainability of in-situ concrete flat slabs in office buildings

SUSTAINIBILITY STUDY RESULTS CONCLUSIONS

Evolution and sustainability of in-situ concrete flat slabs in office buildings

SUSTAINIBILITY STUDY RESULTS CONCLUSIONS

Evolution and sustainability of in-situ concrete flat slabs in office buildings

SUSTAINIBILITY STUDY RESULTS CONCLUSIONS

flat slabs in office buildings in Spain

Evolution and sustainability of in-situ concrete flat slabs in office buildings

SUSTAINIBILITY STUDY RESULTS CONCLUSIONS

Introduction of sustainability criteria in construction may be a necessary evolution.

Evolution and sustainability of in-situ concrete flat slabs in office buildings

SUSTAINIBILITY STUDY RESULTS CONCLUSIONS

Evolution and sustainability of in-situ concrete flat slabs in office buildings

SUSTAINIBILITY STUDY RESULTS CONCLUSIONS

Evolution and sustainability of in-situ concrete flat slabs in office buildings

SUSTAINIBILITY STUDY RESULTS CONCLUSIONS

700 600 500

BASEMENT (high loads)

Tons of CO2 depending on use and type of slab

Evolution and sustainability of in-situ concrete flat slabs in office buildings

SUSTAINIBILITY STUDY RESULTS CONCLUSIONS

Grouting Duct Tendons Rebar

Tons of CO2. Solid flat plates (Basement-high loads)

Evolution and sustainability of in-situ concrete flat slabs in office buildings

SUSTAINIBILITY STUDY RESULTS CONCLUSIONS

420 FLAT SLAB Flat slabs

320 PT FLAT SLAB

% of CO2 of flat slabs (Basement-high loads)

Evolution and sustainability of in-situ concrete flat slabs in office buildings

SUSTAINABILITY STUDY RESULTS CONCLUSIONS

Evolution and sustainability of in-situ concrete flat slabs in office buildings

SUSTAINABILITY STUDY RESULTS CONCLUSIONS

Evolution and sustainability of in-situ concrete flat slabs in office buildings

SUSTAINIBILITY STUDY RESULTS CONCLUSIONS

Evolution and sustainability of in-situ concrete flat slabs in office buildings

Libana, O.1; G. Pulido1, MD; Gmez Hermoso J. 2

of San Pablo CEU (Madrid)

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