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Table of Content
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. Introduction Types of video signal Types of analog video signal Computer-based digital video Broadcast and video standards Characteristics of digital video Digital video data sizing Ways to reduce video file size Video file formats
Definition of Video
Video:
Technology of electronically
Capturing / recording (captured media) Processing / storing Transmitting a sequence of still images representing scenes in motion.
Note:
Animation starts from discrete pictures and then process to illusion of continuous motion. Discrete pictures illusion of continuous motion
It contains the
luminance (brightness) and chrominance (colour) of the image.
Component
Composite S-Video
Component Video
Signals are split into 2 or more components; separates the:
Luminance: brightness (Y) Chroma: colours (U and v)
Advantage: Gives the best colour reproduction, since no crosstalk between the three different channels, unlike composite video and Svideo. Disadvantages: Requires more bandwidth and good synchronization of the three components.
Component Video
Composite Video
Composite video = two or more signals are mixed into a single carrier wave.
Chroma (colours ) UV and Luminance (Brightness) Y = YUV
Composite Video
S-Video
S-Video = separates into 2 signals :
1. Luminance 2. Chroma
The chroma or colour information is always combined into 1 signal. Video quality better than composite video, worse than component video. S-Video
Aspect ratio
Aspect Ratio: ratio of the screen width to the screen height. The aspect ratio of current television tubes is 4/3. For wide-screen television tubes the aspect ratio is 16/9
In most multimedia applications, the video signals need to be in a digital form in order to
store them in the memory of a computer and to easily edit and integrate them with other media types.
HDTV
Video file size=600 sec x 25 fps x 160 x 120 x (8-bit/8) = 288,000,000 bytes = 288 MB
Sampling rate/Frequency=44.1 kHz Sound resolution=8-bit Channel=Stereo Video File Size: (10 sec x 30 fps x 640 x 480 x 2 bytes) + (10 sec x 44100 Hz x 8-bit/8 x 2) = 184,320,000 + 882,000 bytes = 185,202,000 bytes
Summary
1. Video is the technology of electronically capturing, processing, and transmitting a sequence of still images representing scenes in motion. 2. 2 types of video signal: Analog video, Digital video 3. 3 types of analog video signal: Component, Composite, S-Video 4. Broadcast and video standards: NTSC, PAL, SECAM, HDTV
Summary
5. Video size =