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Overview
Signage Prevention Training Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) Anatomy of Accidents Hazard Analysis Safeguards Team Safety Transportation Abuse
General Safety
Comply with final inspection requirements as soon as possible to prevent accidents Arena Safety/Operation
Essential personnel only Stay behind barriers Enter when authorized Energize when approved
Chemical Safety
Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS)
Prevention Overview
System components must be designed, installed, and secured so that the hazards associated with stored energy are minimized. Adequate room must be provided for a robot's movement as well as for workers. There must be a means for controlling the release of stored energy in all the robotic systems and for shutting off power from outside the restricted envelope. A detailed risk assessment should be performed to ensure the safety of workers who operate, service and maintain the robotics system.
Minimize the hazard if it cant be eliminated Restrict Access to necessary personnel Train/Educate those at risk
Personnel who program, operate, maintain, or repair robots or robot systems should receive adequate safety training and be able to demonstrate competency in performing their jobs safely.
Learn the hazards associated with each tool LEARN HOW TO OPERATE EACH TOOL BEFORE YOU USE IT
Training
Safety training is necessary for new operators, new or altered safeguards, or new machines or operation Provide instruction or hands-on training in the following:
Describe and identify the hazards associated with each machine The safeguards themselves, how they provide protection, and the hazards for which they are intended How to use the safeguards and why How and under what circumstances safeguards can be removed, and by whom (Remove an repair by qualified technician when safeguards are damaged, return to svc.) What to do and what action to take if a safety incident occurs
Face
Face Shield
Eye
Glasses, Goggles
Ear
Ear Plugs, Ear Muffs
Lung
Mask, Respirator
Head
Hard Hat
Falling objects or potential for dropping objects Sharp objects Rolling or pinching objects which could crush the feet Layout of workplace and location of co-workers Electrical hazards Review injury/accident data to help identify problem areas
Sources of Hazards
Human Errors
New/One-time operations (e.g. crating/uncrating) Prior to programming Interfacing activated peripheral equipment Connecting live devices or sensors to the microprocessor or a peripheral The greatest problem, however, is overfamiliarity with the robot or tool so that an individual places himself in a hazardous position.
Control Errors
Faults within the control system of the robot Errors in software interference - Electromagnetic or Radio frequency
Unauthorized Access
Entry into a robot's safeguarded area is hazardous because the person involved may not be familiar with the safeguards in place or their activation status.
Sources of Hazards
Transportation
Rough/uneven floor Wheels that are too small for surface Visibility over and around the robot Robot that doesnt fit dolly In a hurry to cue Grade
Cueing/Staging
Unaware of blocking the way for another team Field behind schedule Roboteers at rest
Out-of-Pit Repairs
Improper tool or support Inadequate time for attempted repair
Sources of Hazards
Mechanical Failures
Operating programs may not account for cumulative mechanical part failure, and faulty or unexpected operation may occur.
Environmental Sources
Electromagnetic or radio-frequency interference (transient signals)
Transportation
Power Systems
Pneumatic or electrical power sources Electrical shock and release of stored energy from accumulating devices
Improper Installation
The design and layout of equipment, and facilities, if inadequately done, can lead to inherent hazards.
Types of Accidents
Contact
Movement, component malfunction, or program changes Crushing, Trapping, Piercing
Failure
Components Drive System End Effectors Peripheral Equipment
Safeguard Requirements
Prevent Contact
The safeguard must prevent hands, arms, and any other part of a worker's body from making contact with moving parts.
Secure
Workers should not be able to easily remove or tamper with the safeguard
Create no interference
Any safeguard which impedes a worker from performing the job quickly and comfortably might soon be overridden or disregarded.
Safeguards
RISK ASSESSMENT. At each stage of development of the robot and robot system a risk assessment should be performed.
SAFEGUARDING DEVICES. Personnel should be safeguarded from hazards associated with the restricted envelope (space) through the use of one or more safeguarding devices:
Mechanical limiting devices Nonmechanical limiting devices Presence-sensing safeguarding devices Fixed barriers (which prevent contact with moving parts) Interlocked barrier guards
AWARENESS DEVICES Chain or rope barriers Supporting stanchions or flashing lights Signs, whistles, and horns
Team Safety
Safety Captain
Independent monitor of operations during concept, manufacturing process, shipping / receiving, field trip, and competition Uninvolved in the proceedings while observing Answers only to Coach & Mentors Identifies safety hazards and prevents safety incidents
Spotters
Used during every movement of a tool or equipment Eliminate hazards for the transportation team Ensures clearances, accessibility, coordination
Abuse
Abuse and harassment may be emotional, physical, or sexual. FIRST now has eligibility procedures for volunteer selection, training and supervision for FIRST Robotics Competition (FRC) regional events and all components of the FIRST Championship similar to those being used by many other youth-serving organizations. Staff and volunteers at FIRST events are easily distinguishable. Participants are expected to be in pairs or larger groups at all times going to, coming from, and during FIRST events. Volunteers and participants should avoid isolated situations where incidents or allegations are more likely to occur. Report any suspicions of harassment or abuse immediately. FIRST will follow up on all reports, and will take appropriate action.
FIRST asks everyone involved in FIRSTs programs to place the highest priority on safety, looking out not only for ones own safety but also the safety of others. Do not hesitate to speak up or act in the interest of safety. FIRST particularly wants to highlight safety measures in the areas of transportation, equipment and work safety, and guarding against abuse.
http://www.osha.gov/SLTC/robotics/solutions.html
Back-up Charts
Second offense - Check made in check box Third offense Additional checks, invoke appeal process, consequences
Students are either returned to team assignment, reassigned, placed on suspension, or dismissed from the team. Academic Probation, failing a class, school suspension or expulsion are considered severe and may result in immediate expulsion from FIRST ROBOTICS Court of Appeals: Teacher / Mentors. Students will have a right to explain their complaints or differences.
Training Project
1. Have Students create their own version of Robotic Safety
2. Use the following slide to get students involved with making safety signage 3. Discuss what causes accidents between man and machines 4. With Coaches, Mentors and Team members.