WTO is a legal status, properly established on Jan 1, 1995 replacing the general agreement on tariffs and trades(GATT).

77 member in 1995,142 in 2001,157 in 2012 Budget: 185 million Swiss francs for 2008. Secretariat staff: 625. Head: Pascal Lamy (Director-General). WTOs Three Parts GATT (Still exists, as largest part of WTO) GATS = General Agreement on Trade in Services TRIPs Agreement = Trade Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights

Ministerial Conference General Council

Dispute Settlement Body Trade Policy Review Body

Councils
Council for Trade in Goods Council for Trade in Services Council for TRIPs

Committees and other subsidiary bodies

Decision-making

Its relations in the field of trade and economic shall be conducted with a view to raising standard of living, ensuring full employment and large and steadily growing volume of real income, effective demand and expending the production and trade and good and services. Allow optimal use of the worlds resources a) To protect and preserve environment b) For respective needs and economic development

To achieve mutual advantageous arrangement towords reduction of barriers to trade. To develop the integrated, more viable and durable multilateral trading system. To ensure linkage between trade policies, environmental policies and sustainable developments.

Implementation, administration and operation of the covered agreements Review of national trade policies (TPRM) Acts as a forum for trade negotiations

Settles trade disputes Assists developing countries (technical assistance and training programs) Cooperates with other international organizations (IMF,World Bank)

A) Multilateral agreement on trade in goods. B) General agreement on trade and services. C) Agreement on trade related aspects of intellectual property rights(TRIPs). D) Disputes Settlement System. E) Plurilateral trade agreements F) Trade policy review mechanism.

GATT1994(jan 1995) Agreement on agricultures . 1)Domestic subsidies: fertilisers,water,electricity,seeds and credit. does not exceed to 10 % of total agriculture production . 2) Export subsidies: reduced the export subsidies below 36 % of the total export .

Agreement on textiles and clothing the objective of this agreement is to secure the integration of textiles and clothing sector into GATT 1994 fabrics made up textile products and clothing will be governed by General rules of GATT. Agreement on technical barriers to trade This agreement is to ensure that technical negotiation , testing standards and certification procedures do not create unnecessary obstacle to trade or not. checking protection of human, animal or health or environment

Agreement on anti dumping. if dumped imports cause injury to a domestic industry . There will be dispute etc so this agreement is to solve this problem.

This agreement covers all internationally traded services. eg :financial services it establishes the government to take appropriate measures for protection of investors, depositors etc to ensure the stability of financial system This GATS is also apply to aircraft repair and maintenance sevices.

This agreement covers these categories of intellectual property copy right and related rights trade marks, industrial design , geographical indicatons,patents,trade secrets.

DSB : Dispute settlement body are established to solve these disputes. the complaint member can ask the DSB to established a panel of 3 experts within 30 days.

It consist of Agreement on Trade in civil Aircraft, agreement on Government procurement, international Dairy agreement and international bovine Meat agreement.

It aims to reviews of trade policies and practices , for this purpose, they establish the Trade Policy Review Body (TPRB). Each member shall report regularly to TPRB about the trade policies and practices and the TPRB submit that to Director General for highlighting.