GPON

Basic Concepts

Passive Optical Network

A passive optical network (PON) is a point-to-multipoint, fiber to the premises network architecture in which unpowered optical splitters are used to enable a single optical fiber to serve multiple premises, typically 32-128. A PON consists of an Optical Line Terminal (OLT) at the service provider's central office and a number of Optical Network Units (ONUs) near end users. A PON configuration reduces the amount of fiber and central office equipment required compared with point to point architectures. Downstream signals are broadcast to each premises sharing a fiber. Encryption is used to prevent eavesdropping. Upstream signals are combined using a multiple access protocol, invariably time division multiple access (TDMA). The OLTs "range" the ONUs in order to provide time slot assignments for upstream communication.

Triple Play

Triple play refers to the three main services that telephone companies can offer: basic telephone services , broadcast-quality television and high-speed data services.

Broadband Access
With the emergence of high-bandwidth services such as video services, it becomes imperative to increase the bandwidth to develop the next generation broadband networks Trend of Broadband Network Service: Currently, the bandwidth bearer capacity of a broadband network stays at 512K - 2M and the broadband services are basically confined to highspeed Internet access. It is estimated that a bandwidth of at least 10M is needed, which is the basic requirement for supporting services such as stream video, video conferencing, video phone and a high-speed Internet access. Considering the diversity of value-added services in the future, the demand for bandwidth increase will be infinite. As bandwidths and services are becoming increasingly diverse, personalized solutions would be characterized by a combination of multiple services and customeroriented service innovations, so as to satisfy the needs for individualism, differentiation, mobility, self-service and multimedia services.

Broadband Access
Technology: In the long run, FTTH (Fiber To The Home technology) will be the direction of broadband development. Considering important factors such as cost, service request, technology and competition, the FTTH evolution will span over a long time. As a consequence, XDSL will most likely remain the mainstream of the broadband access technology, for at least 5 years; with a focus on the ADSL2/2+ and supplementation by new technologies such as the VDSL/2 and UDSL, FTTH would be firstly provided to business users. At the same time, wireless access is another trend. With widespread nonPC intelligent terminals in home networks, in-house wireless cabling is becoming increasingly popular. WLAN thus becomes a major choice. For the last-mile access, WiMax, which is likely to become a strong competitor for the twisted pair, will effectively help startup carriers to expand network coverage.

Broadband Access
Next Generation Broadband Access Network The next generation broadband network requires that the user's bandwidth be above 10Mbps, whereas XDSL is still the major access technology. Traditionally, fixed-network carriers' core competitiveness lies in providing high bandwidth based on twisted pairs. Judging from the ADSL2+ technology, which attracts wide attention in the industry, the broadband access nodes should be close enough to the users and the copper-wire coverage should be within 1Km to address the requirement for 10Mbps bandwidth. The need to deploy a large number of nodes in the users' premises will result in space exhaustion in the end office. Moreover, a great increase in the number of access nodes will give rise to a new challenge concerning network maintenance and management. Therefore, broadband access devices need a large-scale optimization of capacity, performance, networking, management and maintenance. And new devices may be needed to replace old ones.

FTTx-ODN
Access technologies are evolving at a fast speed, pushed forward by competition, technology development and service demands. The Optical Era is coming. The FTTH system comprises of the optical line terminal (OLT) on the CO, the optical network terminal (ONT) on the user side, and the optical distribution network (ODN). The FTTH construction features the PON technology, which provides point to point and point to multipoint applications. ODN provides the physical channel from OLT and ONT to communicate with each other. Generally, ODN consists of the optical fiber/cable, optical connector, optical splitter, and the related devices for installing and connecting the above-mentioned components. Figure 1 is a basic ODN structure map, which is composed of 5 parts: Feeder Optical Cable, Distribution Point, Distribution Optical Cable, Access Point and Drop Cable. Section from the ODF in the CO (central office) to the optical fiber distribution point, as the trunk cable to cover the long distance; Cable section from optical distribution point to subscriber access point to distribute optical fibers for subscribers along the cable route; Drop cable section from subscriber access point to terminal to lead the cable into the home.

FTTx-ODN
ODN is the main part of the FTTx network construction. So the ODN construction directly affects the total cost, system performance, reliability and the upgrade potential.

FTTx-ODN

Integrated Access (IS) of Etisalat

Integrated Services (IS)

ISD (Development)

ISD (Maintenance)

ISD (Operation)

GPON FDH Designs

DESIGN1
Feeder Cable Splitter
Connector

ODF
Patch Cord Splice Splice

Distribution/ Drop Cable

1 : 32

Splice

Splice

Fiber Distribution Hub (FDH)

GPON FDH Designs

DESIGN2
Feeder Cable Splitter
Splice Splice Fast- E Connector Fast- E Connector

Distribution/ Drop Cable

Splice

Fast- E Connector

Fiber Distribution Hub (FDH)

SS Connectivity With OLT

Huawei OLT
X 1 C A X 1 C A

SS
Router

IPTV

HSI

Optical Network Terminal

The three main elements in the PON (Passive Optical Networking) networks are:
Optical Line Terminal (OLT) Passive Optical Splitters Optical Network Terminal (ONT)

The OLT at the central office connects the subscriber's local loop to the network. A Splitter divides the single line into 32 equal channels. The ONT (or ONU in businesses) provides the interface between the optical network and the home/business.

ONT

RJ 45 Ethernet port

RJ 11 Tel No

Huawei ONTs
ONT OT 550
Residential 4 x FE, 2 x POTS

ONT OT 925
Business 4 x E1, 1 x GE, 4 x FE (all electrical ports)