ANKLE JOINT

Bahillo,Carina Isabel Millares, William Paul BSPT-3

Anatomy
Tibia Fibula talus

Ankle joint consist of 3 bones:

Type of joint:

* Synovial Hinge joint

Nerve Supply:

* Deep peroneal and tibial nerves

Anatomy
Plafond - articular surface of the tibia. Medial malleolus - boney process extending distally off the medial tibia. Lateral Malleolus - distal most aspect of the fibula.

Anatomy
Mortise - the bony arch formed by the tibial plafond. Cartilage - joint surface of all the bones in the ankle.

Ligaments
Lateral ligaments:
* ANTERIOR passes from the tip of the lateral malleolus to the talus anteriorly * CALCANEOFIBULAR LIGAMENT passes from the lateral malleolus to the calcaneous with talocalcaneal ligament running at its base.
TALOFIBULAR LIGAMENT

Ligament
* POSTERIOR TALOFIBULAR LIGAMENT passes

from the tip of the lateral malleolus to the talus posteriorly.

* POSTERIOR TALOCALCANEAL LIGAMENT extends

thing band to the calcaneus.

Ligament
Medial Collateral Ligaments:
* TIBIONAVICULAR LIGAMENT It runs

anteriorly from the medial malleolus to the edge of the calcaneus. *CALCANEOTIBIAL LIGAMENT It runs from the tip of the medial malleolus to the edge of the calcaneus.

Ligament
*
ANTERIOR & POSTERIOR TALOTIBIAL LIGAMENTS

They run anteriorly

and posteriorly b/w the medial malleolus and talus.

Ligamentous injury
categories: * inversion sprain * Eversion sprain * High ankle sprain

Ligamentous injury
Inversion sprain - most common type of ankle sprain occurs when the foot is inverted, falling inward. * The lateral ligaments are stretched too far.

Ligamentous injury
Eversion ankle sprain - the foot is twisted outwards - The inner ligament called the deltoid ligament, is stretched too far.

Ligamentous injury
High ankle sprain - The ligaments above the joint are also injured. - These ligaments called the syndemosis ligaments.

Ligamentous injury
Grade 1 ankle sprain - cause stretching of the ligament. The symptoms tend to be limited to pain and swelling. Grade 2 ankle sprain - more severe partial tearing of the ligament. There is usually more significant swelling and bruising caused by bleeding under the skin.

Ligamentous injury
Grade 3 ankle sprain complete tears of the ligaments. The ankle is usually quite painful and walking can be difficult.

Signs
Inability to walk on the ankle. Significant swelling Symptoms that do not improve quickly or persist beyond a few days. Pain in the foot or above the ankle.

Mode of treatment
REST - take the weight of the injured joint as much as possible for a day or two. ICE - an ice pack is ideal can be applied for 10 15 minutes in 3 4 times a day. Compression - a support bandage or strapping will help to reduce the swelling. Elevation - resting of the body will allow swelling to drain away into the bloodstream.