What shape can

you see?
SOLID
GEOMETRY II
State the geometric properties of prisms,
pyramids, cylinders, cones and spheres.
Draw nets for prisms, pyramids,
cylinders and cones.
State and find surface areas of prisms,
pyramids, cylinders, cones and spheres.

LEARNING OUTCOMES
Solid geometry is concerned with
three-dimensional shapes.
Some examples of three-dimensional
shapes are:
Prisms
Pyramids
Cylinders
Cones
Spheres
DEFINITION
SOLIDS DESCRIPTION EXAMPLES
PRISM A solid with two congruent, parallel
bases which are polygons.
PYRAMID A solid with a base which is a polygon
and triangular sides that converge at a
vertex.
CYLINDER A solid with two parallel congruent
circular faces and a curved surface.
CONE A solid with a circular base and a
vertex.
SPHERE A solid having all of its points the same
distance from its centre.
12.1 PROPERTIES


Rectangular Prisms


Triangular Prisms


Hexagonal Prisms







Square Pyramids







Rectangular Pyramid







Triangular Pyramid







Hexagonal Pyramid
5 faces
8 edges
5 vertices
2 faces
2 edges
1 vertices
5 faces
9 edges
6 vertices
12.2 NETS OF GEOMETRIC
SOLIDS
A net is a two-dimensional
figure that can be folded
into a three-dimensional
solid.





EXAMPLE 1

1)
2)
3)
4)
WORKSHEET
It is measured using squares
Units include mm,cm,m,km.




The surface area of a solid is the
total area of all the faces of the
solid.
12.3 SURFACE AREA
SOLIDS NETS SURFACE AREA
PYRAMID


Area of four triangular faces +
Area of rectangular base

PRISM




Area of three rectangular faces +
Area of two triangular faces

Example 1:

Calculate the surface area of the pyramid shown.
SOLUTION
Area of square base


10 cm
13 cm
2
100 10 10 cm = =
Area of a triangular face


2
60 12 10
2
1
cm = =
Surface area of the pyramid
2
340 ) 60 4 ( 100 cm = + =
SURFACE AREA OF CYLINDER
r
r
l
h
l= circumference of the base circle r t 2 =
Area of curved surface (rectangular) + Area of two circular faces.
2
2 2 r rh t t + =
Example

Find the surface area of a cylinder
with a radius of 7 cm and a height of
20 cm. (Take )
7
22
= t
SOLUTION
cm r 7 =
cm h 20 =
Surface area of the cylinder
) 20 )( 7 )(
7
22
( 2 ) 7 )(
7
22
( 2
2
+ =
2
1188 880 308 cm = + =
rh r t t 2 2
2
+ =
SURFACE AREA OF CONE
l
r r
Area of sector =

Area of circle =
2
r t
Area of sector + Area of circle
l
rl t
2
r rl t t + =
Example

Calculate the surface area of a cone
with a radius of 5 cm and a slant
height of 8 cm. (Take )
142 . 3 = t
SOLUTION
cm r 5 =
Surface area of the cone
) 5 )( 142 . 3 ( ) 8 )( 5 )( 142 . 3 (
2
+ =
2
23 . 204 cm =
cm l 8 =
2
r rl t t + =
SURFACE AREA OF SPHERE
Surface area of a sphere =
2
4 r t
Where r is the radius of the sphere
Example:

Find the surface area of the sphere.
(Take )
7
22
= t
SOLUTION
Surface area of the sphere:
2 2 2
154 5 . 3
7
22
4 4 cm r = = = t
POP QUIZ
1) Find the surface area of the sphere
that has

a) radius =

b) diameter =

m
11
3
1
cm 8 . 2
SOLUTION
a)



b) Diameter =
11
3
1 = r
2
2
11
14
7
22
4 4
|
.
|

\
|
= r t
3636 . 20 =
82 . 2
2 2
)
2
8 . 2
(
7
22
4 4 = r t
64 . 24 =
2) Find the value of for the solid
shown in the diagram if its surface
area is 1551 .
Take

h
2
cm
7
22
= t
21 cm
h
cm
SOLUTION
The solid given is cylinder.


2
21
= r ? = h
1551 2 2
2
= + rh r t t
1551
2
21
7
22
2
2
21
7
22
2
2
=
(

+
(
(

|
.
|

\
|
h
1551 66 693 = + h
858 66 = h
13 = h
3) A cone has a base of diameter 14 cm.
Find the slant height of the cone if its
surface area 286 .
Take
2
cm
7
22
= t
SOLUTION
Diameter =14 cm

7 = r
? = l
286
2
= + r rl t t
286 7
7
22
7
7
22
2
=
(

+
(

s
286 154 22 = + s
132 22 = l
6 = l
4) A sphere has a surface area of .
What is its radius?
2
7
4
804 mm
Let r be the radius of the sphere.
Surface area of the sphere =
2
4 r t
2 2
7
4
804 4 mm r = t
7
5632
7
22
4
2
= r
7
5632
7
88
2
= r
64
2
= r
8 = r
5) Calculate the value of for the
following solid.


x
10 cm
x cm
Surface area = 785 cm
2
SOLUTION
10 = r
785 10
7
22
10
7
22
2 2
=
(

+
(

= + l r rl t t
785
7
2200
7
220
= + l
7
3295
7
220
= l
97 . 14 = l
6)
12 cm
5 cm
Calculate the surface area of the cone
Solution
13 cm
12 cm
5 cm
Surface area = 282.8571
7)
2.8 mm
If the diameter of the iron rod is 2.8 mm and the
surface area of the rod is 2.8mm, find its length.
Solution
4 . 1 = r
( ) 32 . 892 4 . 1
7
22
2 4 . 1
7
22
2 2 2
2
2
=
(

+
(

= + h r rh t t
32 . 898 32 . 12 8 . 8 = + h
100 = h
Example 1
Find the total surface area of the
following solid. Take .

3.142 t =
The solid shown below consists of a
cone and a hemisphere with a common
base. What is the total surface area of
the solid? Take .
= 3.142
Hemi
means half.
Example 2
Ex12.3A, Ex12.3B, Ex12.3C



HOMEWORK
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Chapter 13 - Statistics

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