Documente Academic
Documente Profesional
Documente Cultură
VALUES
expressions of ultimate ends, goals, or purposes of social action. societys moral imperatives Standards
1. Extensiveness
2. Duration 3. Intensity 4. Prestige of its carrier
Under Spain
Compadre system Oppressive policies hatred for manual labor
Americanization
Preference for the academic white-collar occupations Use of honorific titles Diploma system Materialism and consumerism
Filipinization
Filipinos have displayed a remarkable adaptability, resulting in a many-sided cultural heritage.
Dichotomy outlook
Occiriental
Value Orientations
1. Non-rationalism 2. Personalism 3. Particularism 4. Nationalism Rationalism Impersonalism Universalism Internationalism
Non-rationalism
Rationalism
Non- rationalism involves an uncritical acceptance, reverence, and protection of tradition and rituals.
Rationalism involves a belief that by systematic planning, studying, and training, one can actively control his/her destiny.
Bahala na mentality
Dependence on the spirits Segurista Lack of punctuality Awa Dependence on the espiritista, the mangkukulam Underlies determination, courage, fortitude and willingness to face danger Tiyaga
Bahala na
1. Itinalaga ng Diyos 2. Iginuhit ng tadhana 3. Gulong ng palad 4. Malas 5. Napasubo
Status-oriented behavior
Hiya (Shame-oriented) Utang na loob
Ruben Santos Cuyugans view: Paternalism Greater consideration to status Subjectivity or emotionalism Demoralization or inefficiency
Imitative (gaya-gaya)
Faade, palabas, pakitang-tao, pagyayabang Escapists
Filipino Female
Patient suffering Double-standard of morality
Personalism - Impersonalism
Personalism attaches major importance to personal factor which guaranties intimacy, warmth, and security of kinship, and friendship in getting things done.
Inpersonalism refers to the tendency to eliminate the influence of friendship or kinship in working situations.
Personalism
Nepotism, favoritism and particularism Graft and corruption Roundabout way Pakiusap, areglo and lakad
Particularism - Universalism
Particularism refers to a person whose concern is centered on sub-groups.
Universalism refers to a person whose main concern is the advancement of collective or national good.
Particularistic
Tayo-tayo Compadres, ninong, bayaw, inaanak, etc. Regionalistic
Nationalism - Internationalism
Nationalism is the advocacy of making ones own nation distinct and separate from others in intellectual, social, cultural, economic, political and moral matters.
Internationalism refers to equal or more preference to other nations culture.
Nationalism
Ethnocentricism, racism, xenophobia National amnesia and colonial mentality Lack of national integration
*Summary*