The Flat Earth Koran

02 of 13 The Flat Earth

10th March 2009 02 – The Flat Earth 1

An interpretation of the Cosmology of
the Koran & a critique of Islamic
Fundamentalism

10th March 2009 02 – The Flat Earth 2

 The Common Cosmology of the
Ancient World

Many Ancient peoples had similar ideas about the

Universe which seem strange to us today.

10th March 2009 02 – The Flat Earth 3

 
Babylonian World Map (900 BC)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  This is a clay tablet from
 
  Ancient Mesopotamia
 
  showing
 
  a Map of the known
 
  World.
 
 
 
  The World is a flat circular
 
  disk with Babylon in the
 
  centre.The Flat Circular
 
  Earth is surrounded
 
  by a circular World Ocean

10th March 2009 02 – The Flat Earth 4

 
Greek Map of the World (500BC)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Reconstructed map
 
 
the known World
 
 
according to
 
 
Hecataeus of Miletus
 
 
(550-490 BC ) with
 
 
Greece in the centre.
 
 
 
 
The World is roughly
 
 
circular & surrounded
 
 
by a World Ocean.

Similar ideas are found

In the Koran

10th March 2009 02 – The Flat Earth 5

Mesopotamian Cosmos (See next slide)

10th March 2009 02 – The Flat Earth 6

 Mesopotamian Cosmos Legend

10th March 2009 02 – The Flat Earth 7

 The Common Cosmology of the Ancient
World
1. Ideas such as those in the previous few slides were common
throughout the Ancient World from Egypt to China.
2. Each culture had its own variation on this basic concept while
retaining the basic theme of a Tri-partite Universe sitting on
water.
3. The Earth was a flat disc centred on your own country and
surrounded by a World Ocean.
4. Below the Earth was a multi layered Underworld.
5. The Sky was a solid dome made from metal and precious
stones. There was a multi layered Heaven up in the Sky.
6. The Sky was for the Gods, the Earth for Mortals and the
Underworld for the Dead. There was no ethical judgement
after death.

10th March 2009 02 – The Flat Earth 8

 The World of the Koran

The Koran contains similar ideas on Cosmology to

other Ancient peoples.

10th March 2009 02 – The Flat Earth 9

 
Map of the World of the Koran
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
All the parts of
 
 
the World
  mentioned in the
 
 
Roman Koran fit into this
 
  Empire Persian map.
 
 
  Mecca Empire
 
  Arabia The Americas,East
  Ethiopia Asia,Sub-Saharan
 
 
 
Africa and Australia
 
 
are not mentioned in
the Koran.

10th March 2009 02 – The Flat Earth 10

 Another view of the World of the
Koran

The World of the

Koran is Flat &
Canopy of the Sky
circular below
a solid Sky dome
or Firmament.

Mecca is
at the centre of
the World.

10th March 2009 02 – The Flat Earth 11

The Cosmos of the Koran (See legend
on the next page)

The Koran assumes

a Universe like the
one shown on the
left.

This is essentially a
variation on the Ancient
Mesopotamian view of
the Universe.

Dozens of verses in
the Koran support this.

10th March 2009 02 – The Flat Earth 12

Legend for the Cosmos of the Koran

10th March 2009 02 – The Flat Earth 13

 The Shape of the Earth in the Koran
is Flat & not Spherical as some claim.

10th March 2009 02 – The Flat Earth 14

Indications of a Flat Earth in the Koran
1. The Sun is portrayed as shining on the whole of the
Earths surface at the same time.
2. According to the Koran, the whole of the Earths
surface an be seen from a single point.
3. The Earth is referred to using descriptions or
similes that relate to a Flat shape rather than a
Spherical one.
4. Earth is implied to be a flat circle.
5. Earth is described as being static and unmoving.

10th March 2009 02 – The Flat Earth 15

 1. The Sun shines on the all of the
Earths surface at the same time

Surah 18:85-86, Surah 18:89-90, Surah 31:29,

Surah 36:38

10th March 2009 02 – The Flat Earth 16

 Surah 36:38 Sun going to its resting
place.
When the Koran speaks
of the Sun rising & setting,
it means this literally
& not figuratively.

The Koran is said to be

the literal words of God
speaking. God would
have known that
Geocentric Cosmology
was not true.

The Koran says that at

night, the Sun goes to
a resting place.
10th March 2009 02 – The Flat Earth 17
 Surah 36:38 Resting place of the Sun

Pickthall “And the Sun runneth on unto a resting-place for him. That is the
measuring of the Mighty, the Wise.”
Yusuf Ali “And the Sun runs his course for a period determined for him:
that is the decree of (Him), the Exalted in Might, the All-Knowing.”
Hilali-Khan ”And the Sun runs on its fixed course for a term (appointed).
That is the decree of the All-Mighty, the All-Knowing.”
Shakir “And the Sun runs on to a term appointed for it; that is the
ordinance of the Mighty, the Knowing.”
Sher Ali “And the Sun is moving on to its determined goal. That is the
decree of the Almighty, the All-Knowing God.”
Khalifa “The Sun sets into a specific location, according to the design of
the Almighty, the Omniscient.”

10th March 2009 02 – The Flat Earth 18

 Surah 36:38 Continued
Arberry “And the Sun -- it runs to a fixed resting-place; that is the
ordaining of the All-mighty, the All-knowing.”
Palmer “And the Sun runs on to a place of rest for it; that is the
ordinance of the mighty, the wise.”
Rodwell “And the Sun hasteneth to her place of rest. This, the
ordinance of the Mighty, the Knowing!”
Sale “And the Sun hasteneth to his place of rest. This [is] the
disposition of the mighty, the wise [God].”
Irving “The Sun runs along on a course of its own. Such is the
design of the Powerful, the Aware!”
Dawood “The Sun hastens to its resting place:Its course is laid for it
by the Mighty One, the All Knowing.”

10th March 2009 02 – The Flat Earth 19

Copernicus & Galileo contradicted the
Koran as well as the Bible

Copernicus (1473-1543) Galileo (1564 –1642)

Anyone wishing to interpret “Sunrise” & “Sunset” in the
Koran in a non-literal way must first demonstrate
Heliocentric knowledge within the pages of the Koran.
10th March 2009 02 – The Flat Earth 20
Surah 31:29 The Sun & Moon are not in
the Sky 24/7.
The Koran Says that the
Sun & Moon each move
The Moon across the Sky for a
disappears into Its specific period of time &
Mansions during daytime
then leave the Sky.

The Koran is not

aware that the Sun &
Moon are always visible
from somewhere on Earth.
The Sun
disappears underground
during night time This implies a belief in a
Flat Earth.

10th March 2009 02 – The Flat Earth 21

 Surah 31:29 Sun & Moon move in
similar manner but not 24/7
Pickthall “Hast thou not seen how Allah … hath subdued the Sun and
the Moon (to do their work), each running unto an appointed term.”
Yusuf Ali “Seest thou not that God … has subjected the Sun, and the
Moon (to his Law), each running its course for a term appointed.”
Hilali-Khan “See you not (O Muhammad saw) that Allah … has
subjected the Sun and the Moon, each running its course for a term
appointed.”
Shakir “Do you not see that Allah … has made the Sun and the Moon
subservient (to you); each pursues its course till an appointed time.”
Sher Ali “Seest thou not that Allah … has pressed the Sun and the Moon
into service; each pursuing its course till an appointed term.”
Khalifa “Do you not realize that God … has committed the Sun and the
Moon in your service, each running in its orbit for a specific life span.”

10th March 2009 02 – The Flat Earth 22

 Surah 31:29 Continued
Arberry “Hast thou not seen how that God … has subjected the Sun and
the Moon, each of them running to a stated term?”
Palmer “Dost thou not see that God … has subjected the Sun and the
Moon, - each of them runs on unto an appointed time?”
Rodwell “Seest thou not that God … hath subjected the Sun and the
Moon to laws by which each speedeth along to an appointed goal?”
Sale “Dost thou not see that God … compelleth the Sun and the Moon to
serve [you]? Each [of those luminaries] hasteneth [in its course] to a
determined period.”
Irving “Have you not seen how God … regulates the Sun and Moon:
each runs along on a fixed course.”
Dawood “Do you not see how God … has pressed the Sun and Moon
into his service, each running for an appointed term.”

10th March 2009 02 – The Flat Earth 23

Surah 31:29 & 36:38 are wrong about
the Sun
In reality, the Sun
does not run to
a resting place.

Nowhere in the
Koran is there any
reference to the
Earth orbiting the
Sun.
Indeed, Surah 18
claims that the Sun
is just a little light
in the sky.

10th March 2009 02 – The Flat Earth 24

Surah 31:29 & 36:38 are wrong about
the Moon also

The Moon does not orbit

for a period of time &
then stop for a while to
rest like the Sun is also
supposed to do.It is
always in orbit.

10th March 2009 02 – The Flat Earth 25

Surah 18:85 - 86 Setting place of the Sun.

The Sun sets

in a muddy pool
of water in the
West.

The Koran
describes this
as being a
specific place
that people
can go to

10th March 2009 02 – The Flat Earth 26

Surah 18:85-86 Setting place of the Sun.
Pickthall “And he followed a road till, when he reached the setting-place of
the Sun, he found it setting in a muddy spring.”
Yusuf Ali “One (such) way he followed, until, when he reached the setting
of the Sun, he found it set in a spring of murky water.”
Hilali-Khan “So he followed a way. until, when he reached the setting
place of the Sun, he found it setting in a spring of black muddy (or hot)
water.”
Shakir “So he followed a course. until when he reached the place where
the Sun set, he found it going down into a black sea.”
Sher Ali “Then he followed a certain way. until when he reached the
setting-place of the Sun, he found it setting as if in a pool of murky water.”
Khalifa “Then, he pursued one way. When he reached the far west, he
found the Sun setting in a vast ocean.”

10th March 2009 02 – The Flat Earth 27

 Surah 18:85-86 Continued
Arberry “Then he followed a way until, when he reached the setting of
the Sun, he found it setting in a muddy spring.”
Palmer “Then he followed a way until when he reached the setting of
the Sun, he found it setting in a black muddy spring.”
Rodwell ”Then followed he a route,until when he reached the setting of
the Sun, he found it to set in a miry fount.”
Sale “Then he continued [his] way until he came to the place where the
Sun setteth; [and] he found it to set in a spring of black mud.”
Irving “So he followed a [certain] course until when he reached the
place where the Sun sets, he found it setting in a mucky spring.”
Dawood “He journeyed on a certain road until he reached the West and
saw the Sun setting in a pool of black mud.”

10th March 2009 02 – The Flat Earth 28

 Surah 18:89 - 90 Rising place of the
Sun
The Sun rises
up out of a
muddy pool
of water in the
East.

The Koran
describes this
as being a
specific place
that people
can go to

10th March 2009 02 – The Flat Earth 29

 Apollo rising from the sea at Dawn.

The story in the Koran about the Sun rising from the sea
resembles the story in Greek Mythology about Apollo causing
Sunrise by rising out of the Eastern Sea.
10th March 2009 02 – The Flat Earth 30
Surah 18:89 – 90 Rising place of the Sun
Pickthall “Then he followed a road till, when he reached the rising-
place of the Sun …”
Yusuf “Ali Then followed he (another) way, until, when he came to
the rising of the Sun …”
Hilali-Khan “Then he followed another way until, when he came to
the rising place of the Sun …”
Shakir “Then he followed (another) course until when he reached the
land of the rising of the Sun …”
Sher Ali “Then indeed he followed another way. until he reached the
rising-place of the Sun …”
Khalifa “Then he pursued another way when he reached the far
east…”

10th March 2009 02 – The Flat Earth 31

 Surah 18:89 – 90 Continued
Arberry “Then he followed a way until when he reached the rising of
the Sun.”
Palmer “Then he followed a way until when he reached the rising of
the Sun.”
Rodwell “Then followed he a route, until when he reached the rising
of the Sun.”
Sale “Then he continued [his] way until he came to the place where
the Sun riseth.”
Irving “Then he followed [another] course until when he reached the
place where the Sun rises.”
Dawood “He then journeyed along another road until he reached the
East and saw the Sun rising.”

10th March 2009 02 – The Flat Earth 32

 Analysis
1. At night, the Sun leaves the Sky and goes to a resting place.
2. This resting place is underground or under water in the West
3. There are specific places on Earths surface where the Sun
rises & sets that a person can go to.
4. In the morning, the Sun rises up into the sky, a long way off in
the East & at night it goes back underground.
5. The Koran does not seem to know that during Night time in
one part of the World, there is daytime on the other side of the
World. It has no concept of local time.
6. This implies a Flat Earth where the position of the Sun in the
sky is the same for everyone all over the World.
7. There is a hint of the Ancient Middle Eastern belief that the
Sun goes under the Flat Earth at Night, from West to East,
possibly on a Subterranean Ocean.

10th March 2009 02 – The Flat Earth 33

 The resting place of the Sun
Underground resting place
of the Sun during the Night
Setting place Setting place
of the Sun of the Sun

When read literally & taken together, these four passages

suggest that the Sun travels under a Flat Earth.
(Surahs 18:85-86,18:89-90,31:29, 36:38 )

10th March 2009 02 – The Flat Earth 34

 Mesopotamian Cosmology
Ocean of Heaven

Waters under the Earth

In Mesopotamian Cosmology, the Sun travelled across the Sky

during the Day & returned to the East underground at Night

10th March 2009 02 – The Flat Earth 35

 Egyptian Sun God carrying the Sun
under Earth during the Night

Many ancient
cultures
believed that
the Sun travels
underground
from West to
East during the
Night.

10th March 2009 02 – The Flat Earth 36

 Islamic Fundamentalist
Counterarguments.
1. Islamic Fundamentalists cannot accept this interpretation of
these passages.
2. They most likely will argue that the language about the Sun
moving is figurative, poetic or non-literal in some way.
3. They may say that we use the phrases “Sunrise” and
“Sunset” in everyday speech without meaning them literally.
4. Furthermore, they may say that the references to the Sun
setting in a body of water merely describe somebody standing
on the coast and watching the Sun disappear below the
horizon.
5. Fundamentalists might further claim that the reference to the
rising place of the Sun is figurative, like the way we call Japan
“The Land of the Rising Sun” without meaning it literally.

10th March 2009 02 – The Flat Earth 37

 Surah18:85-86 Fundamentalist
Interpretation
Islamic
Sun disappears below horizon Fundamentalists
Sometimes try and
claim that
Surah18:85 - 86
merely describes
the Sun disappearing
below the horizon.

But this is not what

the words involved
actually say.

10th March 2009 02 – The Flat Earth 38

 Surah18:89-90 Fundamentalist
Interpretation
In Surah 18:85 – 90
Sun appears above horizon the setting & rising
places of the Sun are
not just what you see
when watching the
Dusk or Dawn.

These places are

described as specific
locations on Earths
surface that you
can go to.

10th March 2009 02 – The Flat Earth 39

Reply to Fundamentalist Counterarguments.
• The terms “Sunrise” & “Sunset” are linguistic relics of a time before
AD1700 when everyone thought that the Earth was static & that the
Sun moved.These terms reflect our ancestors limited
knowledge.However, God does not suffer from limited
knowledge.When God refers to the motion of the Sun, he means it
literally.
• The Koran does not say that the Sun disappeared below the horizon.
It says that the Sun entered a body of water just like in many Ancient
Myths.
• The name “Land of the Rising Sun” for Japan was first used in
Ancient China when it was believed that the Sun did literally rise in
the East near Japan. The name persists today even though the
original justification for it is no longer accepted.The Koran seems to
agree with the Ancient Chinese Geocentric belief.
• Muslims never knew about Heliocentricity before Copernicus &
Galileo despite centuries of studying the Koran.

10th March 2009 02 – The Flat Earth 40

 Land of the Rising Sun

The Ancient and

Medieval Chinese
used to think that
the Sun literally
rose in the East
somewhere near
Japan.

The name has

remained even
though we no
longer believe
in a literal Sunrise.

10th March 2009 02 – The Flat Earth 41

 Rising and Setting places of the Sun
on the Flat Earth

Setting Place Rising Place

10th March 2009 02 – The Flat Earth 42

 1. All of the Earths surface can be
seen from a single point

Surah 18:47 Surah 57:4 Surah 84:1

10th March 2009 02 – The Flat Earth 43

 Surah 18:47 All Earths surface
visible from one point
With Mountains
The Koran says that one
day, God will remove the
mountains & people will
able to see all of the
Earths surface as if it
were a level plain.
Without Mountains
This is not possible on
a Sphere.
Level Plain = Flat Earth
See also: Surah 84:1-4

10th March 2009 02 – The Flat Earth 44

 Surah 18:47 All Earths surface
visible from one point
Pickthall “And (bethink you of) the Day when we remove the hills and
ye see the Earth emerging, and We gather them together so as to
leave not one of them behind.”
Yusuf Ali “One Day We shall remove the mountains, and thou wilt see
the Earth as a level stretch, and We shall gather them, all together, nor
shall We leave out any one of them.”
Hilali-Khan “And (remember) the Day We shall cause the mountains to
pass away (like clouds of dust), and you will see the Earth as a levelled
plain, and we shall gather them all together so as to leave not one of
them behind.”
Shakir “And the day on which We will cause the mountains to pass
away and you will see the Earth a levelled plain and We will gather
them and leave not any one of them behind.”

10th March 2009 02 – The Flat Earth 45

 Surah 18:47 Continued
Sher Ali “And bethink of the day when we shall remove the mountains
and thou wilt see the nations of the Earth march forth against one
another and we shall gather them all together and shall not leave any
one of them behind.”
Khalifa “The day will come when we wipe out the mountains, and you
will see the Earth barren. We will summon them all, not leaving out a
single one of them.”
Arberry “And on the day We shall set the mountains in motion, and
thou seest the Earth coming forth, and We muster them so that We
leave not so much as one of them behind.”
Palmer “And the day when we will move the mountains, and thou
shalt see the (whole) Earth stalking forth; and we will gather them,
and will not leave one of them behind.”

10th March 2009 02 – The Flat Earth 46

 Surah 18:47 Continued
Rodwell And call to mind the day when we will cause the mountains to
pass away, and thou shalt see the Earth a levelled plain, and we will
gather mankind together, and not leave of them any one.
Sale On a [certain] day we will cause the mountains to pass away,
and thou shalt see the Earth appearing plain [and even]; and we will
gather [mankind] together, and we will not leave any one of them
behind
Irving “Some day We shall set the mountains travelling along and you
will see the Earth lying exposed”
Dawood “Tell of the day when we shall blot out the mountains and
make Earth a barren waste.”

10th March 2009 02 – The Flat Earth 47

 Surah 84:1- 4 Earth spread out
Pickthall “When the Heaven is split asunder And attentive to her Lord
in fear, And when the Earth is spread out.”
Yusuf Ali “When the Sky is rent asunder, and hearkens to (the
Command of) its Lord, and it must needs (do so); And when the Earth
is flattened out.”
Hilali-Khan “When the Heaven is split asunder, and listens and obeys
its Lord, and it must do so; And when the Earth is stretched forth.”
Shakir “When the Heaven bursts asunder, and obeys its Lord and it
must. And when the Earth is stretched.”
Sher Ali “When the Heaven bursts asunder, and hearkens unto her
Lord - and this is incumbent upon her - and when the Earth is spread
out.”
Khalifa “The time will come when the Sky is ruptured, it will submit to
its Lord and expire.” The Earth will be levelled”.

10th March 2009 02 – The Flat Earth 48

 Surah 84:1-4 Continued
Arberry “When Heaven is rent asunder and gives ear to its Lord, and is
fitly disposed; when Earth is stretched out
Palmer “When the Heaven is rent asunder and gives ear unto its Lord,
and is dutiful! And when the Earth is stretched out
Rodwell “When the Heaven shall have split asunder and duteously
obeyed its Lord; And when Earth shall have been stretched out as a
plain, and when the Earth shall be stretched out.”
Sale “When the Heaven shall be rent in sunder and shall obey its Lord,
and shall be capable [thereof]”
Irving “When the sky will split open and listen to its Lord as it ought
to,suddenly the Earth will flatten out.”
Dawood “When the Sky is rent apart obeying her lord in true
submission; when the Earth expands.”

10th March 2009 02 – The Flat Earth 49

 Surah 57:4 God can
see all of Earths
surface from his
throne in Heaven

With a Spherical Earth,

God cannot observe all of
the surface at the same
time.

10th March 2009 02 – The Flat Earth 50

Surah 57:4 God can see all of Earths
surface from his throne in Heaven

Only on a
Flat Earth, can
God see all of
Earths surface
from his throne
up in the Sky
in Heaven.

See Presentation
04 of 11
Heaven in the Sky
In this series.

10th March 2009 02 – The Flat Earth 51

 Surah 57:4 God can see all of Earths
surface from his throne
Pickthall “Then He mounted the Throne. He knoweth all that entereth the
Earth and all that emergeth therefrom and all that cometh down from the
Sky and all that ascendeth therein … and Allah is Seer of what ye do.”
Yusuf Ali “And is moreover firmly established on the Throne (of
Authority). He knows what enters within the Earth and what comes forth
out of it, what comes down from Heaven and what mounts up to it… and
God sees well all that ye do.”
Hilali-Khan “And then Istawa (rose over) the Throne (in a manner that
suits His Majesty). He knows what goes into the Earth and what comes
forth from it, what descends from the Heaven and what ascends
thereto… and Allah is the All-Seer of what you do”.
Shakir “He knows that which goes deep down into the Earth and that
which comes forth out of it, and that which comes down from the Heaven
and that which goes up into it… and Allah sees what you do.”

10th March 2009 02 – The Flat Earth 52

 Surah 57:4 Continued
Sher Ali “Then he settled Himself on the Throne. He knows what
enters the Earth and what comes out of it, and what comes down from
the Heaven and what goes up into it… and Allah sees all that you do.”
Khalifa “Then assumed all authority. He knows everything that enters
into the Earth, and everything that comes out of it, and everything that
comes down from the Sky, and everything that climbs into it. … God
is seer of everything you do.”
Arberry “Then seated Himself upon the Throne. He knows what
penetrates into the Earth, and what comes forth from it, -- what comes
down from Heaven, and what goes up unto it… and God sees the
things you do.”
Palmer “Then He made for the throne; and He knows what goes into
the Earth and what goes forth therefrom, and what comes down from
the Sky and what goes up therein…for God on what ye do doth look!”

10th March 2009 02 – The Flat Earth 53

 Surah 57:4 Continued
Rodwell “Then ascended His throne. He knoweth that which entereth
the Earth, and that which goeth forth from it, and what cometh down
from Heaven, and what mounteth up to it; and wherever ye are… God
beholdeth all your actions!”
Sale “And then ascended [his] throne. He knoweth that which entereth
into the Earth, and that which issueth out of the same; and that which
descendeth from Heaven, and that which ascendeth thereto… for
God seeth that which ye do.”
Irving “Then He mounted on the throne. He knows what penetrates
the Earth and what issues from it, and what comes down from the sky
and what soars up into it.God is observant of anything you do.“
Dawood “And then he mounted the throne.He knows all that goes into
the Earth and all that emerges from it. All that comes down from
Heaven and all that ascends to it…God is cognizant of all your
actions.”

10th March 2009 02 – The Flat Earth 54

1. Descriptions and similes used for
the Earth.

Surah 2:22, Surah 13:3, Surah 15:19, Surah 20:53,

Surah 43:10, Surah 51:48, Surah 57:21,
Surah 71:19

10th March 2009 02 – The Flat Earth 55

Descriptions and similes used for the
Earth
• The Earth is not described as being spherical or is it
compared with any spherical objects such as a ball or
pomegranate.
• Words and similes used to describe the Earth imply Flatness
rather than a Spherical shape.
• The Earth is described as being spread out or level Level
• The Earth is compared to a bed or couch.
• All these suggest a belief in a Flat Earth.

10th March 2009 02 – The Flat Earth 56

 The Earth is not compared with
Spherical objects in the Koran

When using similes to

describe the Earth, it is not
compared with spherical
objects such as
pomegranates which
were known to the
Arabs in the time of the
Prophet Mohammed.

Instead, it is compared tp
Flat objects

10th March 2009 02 – The Flat Earth 57

 The Earth is not described as a
Spherical object in the Koran
Instead, it is compared
with flat objects and
described in a manner
that indicates flatness
rather than a spherical
shape.
Ko
ra

It is compared to:
n

• A bed or couch
• A carpet
• A wide expanse
All of which are flat.

10th March 2009 02 – The Flat Earth 58

Surah 2:22 Earth is like a Couch,Bed or
Carpet
Pickthall “(God) who hath appointed the Earth a resting-place for you,
and the Sky a canopy.”
Yusuf Ali “(God) who has made the Earth your couch, and the Heavens
your canopy.”
Hilali-Khan “(God) who has made the Earth a resting place for you, and
the Sky as a canopy.”
Shakir “(God) who made the Earth a resting place for you and the
Heaven a canopy.”
Sher Ali “(God) who made the Earth a bed for you, and the Heaven a
roof.”
Khalifa “(God) the One who made the Earth habitable for you, and the
Sky a structure.”

10th March 2009 02 – The Flat Earth 59

 Surah 2:22 Continued

Arberry “(God) who assigned to you the Earth for a couch, and Heaven
for an edifice.”
Palmer “(God) who made the Earth for you a bed and the Heaven a
dome.”
Rodwell “(God) who hath made the Earth a bed for you, and the
Heaven a covering.”
Sale “(God) who hath spread the Earth as a bed for you, and the
Heaven as a covering.”
Irving “[He is] the One Who has made the Earth a carpet for you and
had the Sky built above you
Dawood “(God) who has made the Earth a bed for you and the Sky a
dome.”

10th March 2009 02 – The Flat Earth 60

 Surah 2.22 Earth is like a Couch or
Bed & the Sky is a covering

The surface
of Earth is like
the floor of a
Canopy of the Sky Bedouin tent
covering a where people
Flat circular Earth would rest on
a Bed, Couch
or Carpet

The floor of a
tent is always
Flat.

10th March 2009 02 – The Flat Earth 61

Surah 20:53 Earth is like a Bed, Carpet
or Cradle
Pickthall “Who hath appointed the Earth as a bed and hath threaded
roads for you therein.”
Yusuf Ali "He Who has, made for you the Earth like a carpet spread
out; has enabled you to go about therein by roads (and channels)”
Hilali-Khan “Who has made Earth for you like a bed (spread out);
and has opened roads (ways and paths etc.) for you therein.”
Shakir “Who made the Earth for you an expanse and made for you
therein paths.”
Sher Ali “It is he who has made the Earth for you a bed and has
caused pathways for you to run through it.”
Khalifa “He is the One who made the Earth habitable for you, and
paved in it roads for you.”

10th March 2009 02 – The Flat Earth 62

 Surah 20:53 Continued

Arberry “He who appointed the Earth to be a cradle for you, and
therein threaded roads for you.”
Palmer “Who made for you the Earth a bed; and has traced for you
paths therein.”
Rodwell “He hath spread the Earth as a bed, and hath traced out
paths for you therein.”
Sale “[It is he] who hath spread the Earth as a bed for you, and hath
made you paths therein.”
Irving “[since he is the one] Who has laid out the Earth as a carpet
for you and has traced highways on it for you.”
Dawood “It is he who made the Earth your cradle and traced on it
paths for you to walk on.”

10th March 2009 02 – The Flat Earth 63

Surah 43:10 Earth is like a Bed, Carpet
or Resting place
Pickthall “Who made the Earth a resting-place for you, and placed
roads for you therein, that haply ye may find your way.”
Yusuf Ali “(Yea, the same that) has made for you the Earth (like a
carpet) spread out, and has made for you roads (and channels)
therein, in order that ye may find guidance (on the way).”
Hilali-Khan “Who has made for you the Earth like a bed, and has
made for you roads therein, in order that you may find your way.”
Shakir “He who made the Earth a resting-place for you, and made in
it ways for you that you may go aright.”
Sher Ali “He, Who has made the Earth for you a cradle and has
made pathways for you therein, that you may follow the right way.”
Khalifa “He is the One who made the Earth habitable for you, and
created for you roads therein, that you may follow the right way.”
10th March 2009 02 – The Flat Earth 64
 Surah 43:10 Continued

Arberry “He who appointed the Earth to be a cradle for you, and
appointed ways for you therein, that haply you may be guided.”
Palmer “Who made for you the Earth a couch and placed for you
therein roads, haply ye may be guided.”
Rodwell “Who hath made the Earth as a couch for you, and hath
traced out routes therein for your guidance.”
Sale “Who hath spread the Earth [as] a bed for you, and hath made
you paths therein, that ye may be directed.”
Irving “The one who has placed the Earth as a cradle for you, and
traced highways for you on it so that you may feel guided.”
Dawood “It is he who made the Earth a resting place for you and
traced out routes upon it that you might find your way.”

10th March 2009 02 – The Flat Earth 65

 Surah 71:19 Earth is like a Carpet or
wide Expanse
Pickthall “And Allah hath made the Earth a wide expanse for you.”
Yusuf Ali "'And God has made the Earth for you as a carpet. (spread
out)”
Hilali-Khan “And Allah has made for you the Earth wide spread (an
expanse).
Shakir “And Allah has made for you the Earth a wide expanse.”
Sher Ali “And Allah has made the Earth for you a wide expanse.”
Khalifa “God made the Earth habitable for you.”
Arberry “And God has laid the Earth for you as a carpet.”
Palmer “And God has made for you the Earth a carpet.”
Rodwell “And God hath spread the Earth for you like a carpet.”
Sale “And God hath spread the Earth as a carpet for you.”
Irving “'God has laid the Earth out as a carpet for you.”
Dawood “God has made the Earth a vast expanse for you.”
10th March 2009 02 – The Flat Earth 66
 The Koran describes the Earth as
being spread out like a Carpet

Carpets are always

Flat when they
are spread out.

10th March 2009 02 – The Flat Earth 67

 Earth shown spread out like a flat
Carpet

Wide expanse of the Earth

10th March 2009 02 – The Flat Earth 68

 Ever see a Spherical Carpet?

Sometimes, Fundamentalists
try and argue that the
descriptions of the Earth
being spread out like a carpet
refer only to Earths outer crust
& not the whole Planet.

However, the Koran does not

actually say this & a carpets
are never spherical.

10th March 2009 02 – The Flat Earth 69

 Surah 79:30 Egg shaped Earth?

Non Spherical Ostrich Egg “He made the Earth egg

shaped” - Khalifa

Some say that this verse

describes the Earth as a sphere.
There is said to be an allusion
to an ostrich egg which is
supposedly spherical.

But this is not an accurate

translation since eleven other
translations contradict it.
Besides this,the Earth is not
egg shaped.

10th March 2009 02 – The Flat Earth 70

 Surah 79:30 Egg shaped Earth?
Pickthall “And after that He spread the Earth.”
Yusuf Ali “And the Earth, moreover, hath He extended. (to a wide
expanse)”
Hilali-Khan “And after that He spread the Earth.”
Shakir “And the Earth, He expanded it after that.”
Sher Ali “And the Earth, along with it, He has spread forth.”
Khalifa “He made the Earth egg-shaped.”
Arberry “And the Earth-after that He spread it out.”
Palmer “And the Earth after that He did stretch out.”
Rodwell “And afterwards stretched forth the Earth.”
Sale After his he stretched out the Earth.”
Irving “And the Earth has He spread out besides.”
Dawood ”After that he spread the Earth.”

10th March 2009 02 – The Flat Earth 71

 Surah 79:26-31 Egg shaped Earth?
“Lo! herein is indeed a lesson for him who feareth
Are ye the harder to create, or is the Heaven that He built?
He raised the height thereof and ordered it; and He made dark
the night thereof, and He brought forth the morn thereof.
And after that He spread the Earth,
And produced therefrom the water thereof and the pasture
thereof”
Surah 79:26-31- Pickthall

Viewed in context, verse 30 is part of a description of God creating

the Universe.Firstly, God created Heaven or the Sky and then lifted
it up like a roof of a building. Next, he spread out Earth like a
flat floor.

10th March 2009 02 – The Flat Earth 72

 Surah 79:26-31 God lifts up Sky &
then spreads out Flat Earth beneath.

10th March 2009 02 – The Flat Earth 73

 Earth not Egg Shaped

In reality, the Earth is nearly

a perfect sphere.
It is not at all Egg shaped
in any way.

The difference in Polar &

Equatorial diameters is only
42 Km

There is a translation error

in the Khalifa Koran.The
other eleven translations
Contradict him.

10th March 2009 02 – The Flat Earth 74

 The Earth is described as a being
“spread out” in the Koran

God is described
as spreading out
the Earth while
creating it.

Likewise a baker
spreads out
dough by
flattening it.

This may be what

the Koran means

10th March 2009 02 – The Flat Earth 75

 “Spreading out” the Earth?

This dough has

been spread out
into a flat shape.

The Koran may

be describing
God spreading
out the Earth into
a flat shape in
a similar manner.

10th March 2009 02 – The Flat Earth 76

 Surah 13:3 The Earth was spread or
stretched out when it was created.
Pickthall “And He it is who spread out the Earth and placed therein
firm hills and flowing streams, He placed therein.”
Yusuf Ali “And it is He who spread out the Earth, and set thereon
mountains standing firm and (flowing) rivers.”
Hilali--Khan “And it is He who spread out the Earth, and placed
therein firm mountains and rivers.”
Shakir “And He it is who spread the Earth and made in it firm
mountains and rivers.”
Sher Ali “And He it is who spread out the Earth and made therein
mountains and rivers.”
Khalifa “He is the One who constructed the Earth and placed on it
mountains and rivers.”

10th March 2009 02 – The Flat Earth 77

 Surah 13:3 Continued.

Arberry “It is He who stretched out the Earth and set therein firm
mountains and rivers.”
Palmer “And He it is who has stretched out the Earth and placed
therein firm mountains and rivers.”
Rodwell “And He it is who hath outstretched the Earth, and placed on
it the firm mountains, and rivers.”
Sale “[It is] he who hath stretched forth the Earth, and placed therein
steadfast [mountains], and rivers.”
Irving “He is the One Who has spread the Earth out and placed
headlands and rivers on it.”
Dawood “It was he who spread out the Earth and placed upon it
mountains and rivers.”

10th March 2009 02 – The Flat Earth 78

 Surah 15:19 The Earth was spread
out like a carpet when it was created.
Pickthall “And the Earth have we spread out, and placed therein firm
hills, and caused each seemly thing to grow therein.”
Yusuf Ali “And the Earth we have spread out (like a carpet); set thereon
mountains firm and immovable; and produced therein all kinds of things
in due balance.”
Hilali--Khan “And the Earth we spread out, and placed therein firm
mountains, and caused to grow therein all kinds of things in due
proportion.”
Shakir “And the Earth -- we have spread it forth and made in it firm
mountains and caused to grow in it of every suitable thing.”
Sher Ali “And the Earth have we spread out, and set therein firm
mountains and cause every thing to grow therein in proper proportion.”
Khalifa “As for the Earth, we constructed it, and placed on it stabilizers
(mountains), and we grew on it a perfect balance of everything.”
10th March 2009 02 – The Flat Earth 79
 Surah 15:19 Continued
Arberry “And the Earth -- we stretched it forth, and cast on it firm
mountains, and We caused to grow therein of every thing justly
weighed.”
Palmer “And the Earth we have stretched out and have thrown on it
firm mountains, and have caused to grow upon it of everything a
measured quantity.”
Rodwell “And the Earth have we spread forth, and thrown thereon the
mountains, and caused everything to spring forth in it in balanced
measure.”
Sale “We have also spread forth the Earth, and thrown thereon stable
[mountains]; and we have caused every kind of [vegetable] to spring
forth in the same, according to a determinate weight.”
Irving “Earth have we spread out and cast headlands upon it, and
planted a bit of everything to grow there (so it is) well balanced.”
Dawood “We have spread out the Earth and set upon it immovable
mountains.”
10th March 2009 02 – The Flat Earth 80
Surah 51:48 The wide Earth was spread
out like a carpet when it was created

Pickthall “And the Earth have We laid out, how gracious is the
spreader (thereof)!”
Yusuf Ali “And we have spread out the (spacious) Earth: How
excellently we do spread out!”
Hilali--Khan “And we have spread out the Earth, how excellent
spreader (thereof) are we!”
Shakir “And the Earth, we have made it a wide extent; how well
have we then spread (it) out.”
Sher Ali “And the Earth we have spread out, and how excellently
do we spread it out!”
Khalifa “And we made the Earth habitable; a perfect design.”

10th March 2009 02 – The Flat Earth 81

 Surah 51: 48 Continued
Arberry “And the Earth -- We spread it forth; O excellent
Smoothers!”
Palmer “And the Earth - we have spread it out; and how well we
lay it out!”
Rodwell “And the Earth - we have stretched it out like a carpet;
and how smoothly have we spread it forth!”
Sale “And we have stretched forth the Earth beneath; and how
evenly have we spread [the same]!”
Irving “The Earth have we spread out; how blissful is the One
who has smoothed it off!”
Dawood “And stretched out the Earth beneath it.Gracious is he
who spread it out.”

10th March 2009 02 – The Flat Earth 82

Surah 3:133 & 57:21 Earths surface is
described as being as wide as Heaven

Happy Muslims in the Gardens of Paradise.

Sky

Earth

10th March 2009 02 – The Flat Earth 83

 Surah 3:133 Earths surface is
described as being as wide as Heaven

Pickthall “And a Garden whereof the breadth is as the breadth of the

Heavens & the Earth, which is in store for those who believe in Allah &
His messengers.”
Yusuf Ali “Be quick in the race for forgiveness from your Lord, & for a
Garden whose width is that (of the whole) of the Heavens & of the
Earth, prepared for the righteous”
Hilali-Khan “And march forth in the way (which leads to) forgiveness
from your Lord, & for Paradise as wide as are the Heavens & the Earth,
prepared for Al-Muttaqun (the pious - see V.2:2).”
Shakir “And hasten to forgiveness from your Lord; & a Garden, the
extensiveness of which is (as) the Heavens & the Earth, it is prepared
for those who guard (against evil).”

10th March 2009 02 – The Flat Earth 84

 Surah 3:133 Continued

Sher Ali “And hasten towards forgiveness from your Lord, & the
Paradise whose value is the Heavens & the Earth. It is prepared for
the God-fearing. “
Khalifa “You should eagerly race towards forgiveness from your
Lord and a Paradise whose width encompasses the Heavens & the
Earth; it awaits the righteous.”
Arberry “& a Garden the breadth whereof is as the breadth of
Heaven & Earth, made ready for those who believe in God & His
messengers.”
Palmer “& vie with one another for pardon from your Lord, and for
Paradise, the breadth of which is as the heaven & the earth,
prepared for those who fear.”

10th March 2009 02 – The Flat Earth 85

 Surah 3:133 Continued

Rodwell “Vie in hasting after pardon from your Lord, & Paradise -
whose outspread is as the outspread of the Heaven & “
Sale “Hasten with emulation to [obtain] pardon from your Lord, and
paradise, the extent whereof equalleth the extent of Heaven and
Earth, prepared for those who believe in God and his apostles.”
Irving “Hasten towards forgiveness from your Lord and a garden
broader than Heaven and Earth which has been prepared for those
who do their duty.”
Dawood “Vie with each other to earn the forgiveness of your Lord
and a Paradise as vast as Heaven and Earth, prepared for the
righteous.”

10th March 2009 02 – The Flat Earth 86

 Surah 57:21 Earths surface is
described as being as wide as Heaven
Pickthall “& a Garden whereof the breadth is as the breadth of the Heavens
& the Earth, which is in store for those who believe in Allah and His
messengers.”
Yusuf Ali “& a Garden (of Bliss), the width whereof is as the width of Heaven
& Earth, prepared for those who believe in God & His apostles.”
Hilali-Khan “& towards Paradise, the width whereof is as the width of
Heaven & Earth, prepared for those who believe in Allah & His
Messengers.”
Shakir “& to a garden the extensiveness of which is as the extensiveness of
the Heaven & the Earth; it is prepared for those who believe in Allah & His
apostles.”
Sher Ali “& for a Garden the value whereof is equal to the value of the
Heaven & the Earth; it has been prepared for those who believe in Allah &
Khalifa “& a Paradise whose width encompasses the Heaven & the Earth. It
awaits those who believed in God and His messengers.”
10th March 2009 02 – The Flat Earth 87
 Surah 57:21 Continued
Arberry “& a Garden the breadth whereof is as the breadth of Heaven &
Earth, made ready for those who believe in God & His messengers.”
Palmer “& Paradise, whose breadth is as the breadth of the Heavens &
the Earth, prepared for those who believe in God & His apostles!”
Rodwell “& Paradise - whose outspread is as the outspread of the
Heaven & of the Earth: Prepared is it for those who believe in God & His
apostles.”
Sale “& Paradise, the extent whereof equalleth the extent of Heaven &
Earth, prepared for those who believe in God & his apostles.”
Irving “& a garden broader than the Sky plus the Earth, which has been
prepared for those who believe in God & His messenger.”
Dawood “& a Paradise as vast as Heaven & Earth, prepared for those
who believe in God & his Apostles.”

10th March 2009 02 – The Flat Earth 88

 1. Earth is Flat and circular

If the Sky is a dome, then the Earth is

circular.

Surah 2:22, Surah 21:32, Surah 40:64

10th March 2009 02 – The Flat Earth 89

 The Sky is described as a Canopy,
Roof or Dome

Many verses of
the Koran
Canopy of the Sky describe the Sky
as being like a
Canopy,Roof or
Dome.

This implies
a Flat circular
Earth beneath
the solid Sky.

10th March 2009 02 – The Flat Earth 90

 Surah 2:22 The Sky is described as a
Canopy, Roof or Dome
Pickthall “Who hath appointed the Earth a resting-place for you, and
the Sky a canopy.”
Yusuf Ali “Who has made the Earth your couch, and the Heavens your
canopy)”.
Hilali--Khan “Who has made the Earth a resting place for you, and the
Sky as a canopy.”
Shakir “Who made the Earth a resting place for you and the Heaven a
canopy.”
Sher Ali “Who made the Earth a bed for you, and the Heaven a roof.”
Khalifa “The One who made the Earth habitable for you, and the sky a
structure.”

10th March 2009 02 – The Flat Earth 91

 Surah 2:22 Continued

Arberry “who assigned to you the Earth for a couch, and Heaven for an
edifice.”
Palmer “who made the Earth for you a bed and the Heaven a dome.”
Rodwell “who hath made the Earth a bed for you, and the Heaven a
covering.”
Sale” who hath spread the Earth as a bed for you, and the Heaven as a
covering.”
Irving “[He is] the One who has made the Earth a carpet for you and
had the Sky built above you.”
Dawood “who has made the Earth a Bed for you and the Sky a dome.”

10th March 2009 02 – The Flat Earth 92

 Surah 21:32 The Sky is like a Roof,,
Canopy or Ceiling
Pickthall “& we have made the Sky a roof withheld (from them). Yet
they turn away from its portents.”
Yusuf Ali “& We have made the Heavens as a canopy well guarded: yet
do they turn away from the Signs which these things (point to)!”
Hilali--Khan “& We have made the Heaven a roof, safe and well
guarded. Yet they turn away from its signs (i.e. sun, moon, winds,
clouds, etc.).”
Shakir “& we have made the Heaven a guarded canopy and (yet) they
turn aside from its signs.”
Sher Ali “& we have made the Heaven a roof, well-protected, yet they
turn away from its Signs.”
Khalifa “& we rendered the Sky a guarded ceiling. Yet, they are totally
oblivious to all the portents therein.”

10th March 2009 02 – The Flat Earth 93

 Surah 21:32 Continued

Arberry “& we set up the Heaven as a roof well-protected; yet still from
Our signs they are turning away.”
Palmer “& we made the Heaven a guarded roof; yet from our signs they
turn aside!”
Rodwell “& we made the Heaven a roof strongly upholden; yet turn they
away from its signs.”
Sale “& we made the Heaven a roof well supported. Yet they turn aside
from the signs thereof, [not considering that they are the workmanship
of God].”
Irving “We have placed the Sky as a roof which is held up even though
they shun its signs!”
Dawood “We spread the Heaven like a canopy and provided it with
strong support:Yet of its signs they are heedless.”

10th March 2009 02 – The Flat Earth 94

 Surah 40:64 The Sky is like a Canopy

Pickthall “Allah it is who appointed for you the Earth for a dwelling-
place and the Sky for a canopy.”
Yusuf Ali “It is God who has made for you the Earth as a resting place,
and the Sky as a canopy.”
Hilali--Khan “Allah, it is He who has made for you the Earth as a
dwelling place and the Sky as a canopy.”
Shakir “Allah is He who made the Earth a resting-place for you and the
Heaven a canopy.”
Sher Ali “Allah is he who has made for you the Earth a resting-place
and the Heaven a structure for protection.”
Khalifa “God is the One who rendered the Earth habitable for you, and
the Sky a formidable structure.”

10th March 2009 02 – The Flat Earth 95

 Surah 40:64 Continued
Arberry “It is God who made for you the Earth a fixed place and
Heaven for an edifice.”
Palmer “God it is who has made for you the Earth as a resting-place,
and a Heaven as building.”
Rodwell “It is God who hath given you the Earth as a sure foundation,
and over it built up the Heaven!”
Sale “[It is] God who hath given you the Earth for a stable floor, and the
Heaven for a ceiling.”
Irving “God is the One Who has granted you the Earth to settle down
on and the Sky built above you.”
Dawood “It is God who has made the Earth a dwelling place for you
and the Sky a ceiling.”

10th March 2009 02 – The Flat Earth 96

 1. East and West are described as
places

Surah 43:38

10th March 2009 02 – The Flat Earth 97

 Surah 43:38 The 2 East's & 2 West's

Above: The two East's, the most

Extreme points The Horizon where
The Sun appears to rise.

Left: The two West's, the most

Extreme points The Horizon where
The Sun appears to set.

10th March 2009 02 – The Flat Earth 98

 Ali battling an Islamic Devil (Shaitan)

The Koran says that Devils

follow people around and
lead them astray while
pretending to be their friends.
God says that on Judgement
Day such people will wish
that they were as far away
from Devils as East & West
or two points on the horizon.
This assumes that such points
are real places.

10th March 2009 02 – The Flat Earth 99

 Surah 43:38
Distance between East & West
The 2 East's &
2 West's
Distance between the 2 West's

Distance between the 2 East's

In this verse, God uses
the distance between East
and West (or between
two points on the horizon)
as a metaphor for extreme
distance.
But these points do not
really exist – except on a
Flat Earth like this.
God condones this sort of
thinking.

10th March 2009 02 – The Flat Earth 100

 Surah 43:38 God refers to East and
West as places
Pickthall “Ah, would that between me and thee there were the distance of
the two horizons - an evil comrade! “
Yusuf-Ali "Would that between me and thee were the distance of East
and West!" Ah! evil is the companion (indeed)!”
Hilali-Khan "Would that between me and you were the distance of the two
east's (or the east and west)" a worst (type of) companion (indeed)! “
Shakir “O would that between me and you there were the distance of the
East and the West; so evil is the associate!”
Sher Ali “Would that between me and thee were the distance of the East
and the West!' What an evil companion he is!”
Khalifa "Oh I wish you were as far from me as the two east's. What a
miserable companion!"

10th March 2009 02 – The Flat Earth 101

 Surah 43:38 God refers to East and
West as places

Arberry “Would there had been between me and thee the distance of the
two east's!' An evil comrade!”
Palmer “O, would that between me and thee there were the distance of
the two orients, for an evil mate (art thou)!”
Rodwell "O Satan, would that between me and thee were the distance of
the east and west." And a wretched companion is a Satan.”
Sale “would to God that between me and thee [there was] the distance of
the east from the west! Oh how wretched a companion [art thou]!
Irving “"Alas, if the distance between the two east's only lay between you
and me! He's such an awful soulmate!"
Dawood “Would that we were as far apart as the east is from the
west.Indeed, evil is that companion.”

10th March 2009 02 – The Flat Earth 102

 Surah 43:38 The 2 East's and 2
West’s do not really exist

The Sun does not really

rise or set in different
places throughout the year.

This is an illusion caused

by the Earths orbital
position around the Sun
changing during the year.

In the Koran, God does not

seem to know this.

10th March 2009 02 – The Flat Earth 103

 1. Earth described as Static and
Unmoving

This does not necessarily imply flatness but it

supports a Geocentric Cosmology

10th March 2009 02 – The Flat Earth 104

 The Earth is not static and unmoving

The Earth moves

around the Sun.
It is not static
as the Koran
claims

10th March 2009 02 – The Flat Earth 105

 Surah 30:25 Earth standing still

Pickthall “& of His signs is this: The Heavens and the Earth stand
fast by His command.”
Yusuf Ali “& among His Signs is this, that Heaven and Earth stand
by His Command.”
Hilali--Khan “& among His Signs is that the Heaven and the Earth
stand by His Command.”
Shakir “& one of His signs is that the Heaven and the Earth
subsist by His command”
Sher Ali “& of his Signs is that the Heavens and the Earth stand
firm by his command.”
Khalifa “Among His proofs is that the Heaven and the Earth are
standing at His disposal.”

10th March 2009 02 – The Flat Earth 106

 Surah 30:25 Earth standing still

Pickthall “& of His signs is this: The Heavens and the Earth stand
fast by His command.”
Yusuf Ali “& among His Signs is this, that Heaven and Earth stand
by His Command.”
Hilali--Khan “& among His Signs is that the Heaven and the Earth
stand by His Command.”
Shakir “& one of His signs is that the Heaven and the Earth
subsist by His command”
Sher Ali “& of his Signs is that the Heavens and the Earth stand
firm by his command.”
Khalifa “Among His proofs is that the Heaven and the Earth are
standing at His disposal.”

10th March 2009 02 – The Flat Earth 107

 Surah 30:25 Continued

Arberry “& of His signs is that the Heaven and Earth stand firm by
His command.”
Palmer “& of His signs is this, that the Heavens and the Earth
stand by His order.”
Rodwell “& of his signs also one is that the Heaven and the Earth
stand firm at his bidding.”
Sale “& of his signs [this also is one, namely], that the Heaven
and the Earth stand firm at his command.”
Irving “Among His signs are [the fact] that the Sky and Earth hold
firm at His command.”
Dawood “By another sign, Heaven & Earth stand firm at his
bidding.”

10th March 2009 02 – The Flat Earth 108

 Surah 27:61 Earth is a fixed abode
Pickthall “Is not He (best) Who made the Earth a fixed abode.”
Yusuf Ali “Or, who has made the Earth firm to live in.”
Hilali--Khan “Is not He (better than your gods) Who has made the Earth
as a fixed abode.”
Shakir “Or, who made the Earth a resting place, and made in it rivers.”
Sher Ali “Or, who made the Earth a place of rest.”
Khalifa “Who is the One who made the Earth habitable.”
Arberry “He who made the Earth a fixed place and set amidst it rivers.”
Palmer “He who made the Earth, settled.”
Rodwell “Is not He, who hath set the Earth so firm.”
Sale “[Is not he more worthy to be adored], who hath established the
Earth.”
Irving “Who set the Earth up as a residence,laced it with rivers.”
Dawood “(Surely worthier is) He who established the Earth.”

10th March 2009 02 – The Flat Earth 109

 This Earth is static and unmoving

The Koran is referring

to an Earth that
looks like this.

This Earth is static &

unmoving.

10th March 2009 02 – The Flat Earth 110

 Surah 35:41God holds Heaven and
Earth firmly in position?
The Earth in reality moves around
the Sun and is not at all
fixed in a static position as the
Koran suggests.

Surah 35:41 makes sense on

a Flat static Earth though.

10th March 2009 02 – The Flat Earth 111

 Surah 35:41God holds Heaven and
Earth firmly in position
Pickthall “Lo! Allah graspeth the Heavens & the Earth that they deviate not,
& if they were to deviate there is not one that could grasp them after Him.”
Yusuf Ali “It is God Who sustains the Heavens & the Earth, lest they cease
(to function): & if they should fail, there is none - not one - can sustain them
thereafter.”
Hilali-Khan “Verily! Allah grasps the Heavens & the Earth lest they move
away from their places, & if they were to move away from their places,
there is not one that could grasp them after Him.”
Shakir “Surely Allah upholds the Heavens & the Earth lest they come to
naught; & if they should come to naught, there Is none who can uphold
them after Him.”
Sher Ali “Surely, Allah holds the Heavens & the Earth lest they deviate from
their positions. & if they did deviate, none can hold them back but he.”
Khalifa “God is the One who holds the Heavens & the Earth, lest they
vanish. If anyone else is to hold them, they will most certainly vanish.”
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 Surah 35:41Continued
Arberry “God holds the Heavens & the Earth, lest they remove; did they
remove, none would hold them after Him.
Palmer “Verily, God holds back the heavens and the earth lest they
should decline; & if they should decline there is none to hold them back
after Him.”
Rodwell “Verily God holdeth fast the Heavens & the Earth that they pass
not away: and if they were passing away none could hold them back but
He.”
Sale “Verily God sustaineth the Heavens & the Earth, lest they fail: And if
they should fail, none could support the same besides him.”
Irving “God grasps both Heaven & Earth lest either one should slip out
of place. If either should slip out of place, no one else would hold on to
them besides Him.”
Dawood “It is God who keeps the Heavens & the Earth from falling.
Should they fall, none could hold them back but him”

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 Surah 35:41God holds Heaven and
Earth firmly in position

Heaven / Sky

Earth

Above: God’s hands reach down from above in order to grasp Heaven
& Earth and hold them firmly in position.
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 Summary

1. The Koran refers to the Sun leaving the sky at night

and going underground.
2. All of Earths surface can be seen from a single
place.
3. Earth is described using terms such as “level” or
“spread out” and similes suggesting flatness such
as “bed”, “carpet”, “couch” or “cradle.”
4. The Earth is described as static and immobile.
5. All of this indicates a belief in a Flat Earth.How can
the Koran be of divine origin if it contains such
absurd beliefs?

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Continued on next Presentation ……