CH AP TE R 1

IN TRO DU CT IO N
HORTICULTURE

• Originated from Latin

• hort us = garden
• colere = to cultivate
• Hort ic ultu re = garden cultivation

• Horti cul tur e is branch of the

broad fie ld o f agric ultu ra l p lant
scie nces besides forestry and crop
science.
• Pl ant Science – horticulture,
agronomy, forestry, plant
pathology, entomology food
science.

• Horti culture includes the

cultivation, processing and sale
of fruits nuts, vegetables,
ornamental plants and flowers.
Horticulture industry consist
of four major divisions :
• POMOLOGY
• The science and practice of growing, harvesting,
handling, storing, processing and marketing
FR UIT S.
• OLE RICU LT URE
• The science and practice of growing, harvesting,
storing, processing and marketing VEGETA BL ES
• FLO RICU LT URE
• The science and practice of growing, harvesting,
storing, designing and marketing FLOW ER IN G
PL ANTS
• LAN DS CAPE AND N URS ERY INDU STRY
• The science and practice of propagating, growing,
installing, maintaining and using grasses, annual
plants, shrubs and trees in the LA NDSC APE.
 Additional specialized areas
include:
a) Seed productio n
-The science and practice of producing,
processing,selling hi gh-qual ity seed
crops for use in growing a wide range of
horticultural crops that grows true
from seed.

b) Related o ccupation
• Those areas that provide products and
ser vices necessary in the production of
horticultural crops such include
(ferti lizers, pes ticide, contai ners,
machi nery) and servi ces (educati on
and research )
Importance o f recreat ional
horti culture and landscape… .
1. Es thet ic val ue

The use of plants for its beauty. Seen through the

-

sculpture and carving at the cave walls

-The use of plants for decoration and the outdoors is the

culture of the royal
families and the form of park and recreational places such
as Taj Mahal
showed the love and power of person.

-The recreational landscape can give:

• The peaceful to our mind

• Relaxing and reduce our bored
• Screening the bad area such as dam area from the
public.
• The beauty of the building, stores, bus stand, hotels etc
 2. En vir onmental
• -The rapid development and unplanned town or city can
give the disadvantages to our environment such as water
and air pollution, sound pollution, flash flood, and the
concrete forest which lost the natural beauty of the
town.

• Plants can recovered this conditions by:

5. Plants can absorbed the carbon dioxide and carbon

monoxide which produced by vehicles and factories.
Plants on the other hand produced oxygen for the human
and animal respirations.
6. Plants can reduce the soil erosion in the area which
exposed to the heavy rain. Plant canopy and the roots
can hold the soil from erosion.
7. Plants can reduce the climates especially the high
temperature in the big city.
8. Plants can give the shade from the sun
9. Plants can be functions as screening materials from the
noise and light.
10. Plants can give the home to the animal such as birds.
3. Psyc holo gy

• -Talbott et al (1976) showed

that the flowering plants can
give the positive effect to the
behavior of psychiatric patients.
The flowers in the dining hall
make the patients more active
to talk, stay longer in the dining
hall and eat more.
4. Ec onomy
• The demand to the recreational and
landscaping plants increase when:

1. The development and growth of big cities

parallel to the development of economic of
the country.
2. Ability to buy the decorative plants increase
depends to the increasing of the economy
and the cost of living of their peoples.
3. The cautiousness of reduction of
environmental quality due to the pollution
and traffic jam of the unplanned city
4. The government policies that are formed
purposely to increase the beauty of the
environmental, public areas and the
conditions of the living area.
Th e future o f the
horticultu re in dust ry:
1. Production of horticulture
crops/marketing
2. Service industry
3. Teaching and extension work
4. Research
• Mist propagation
• Plant growth regulator/rooting hormones
• Weed control
• Mechanical harvesting
• Extended storage life of food/packaging
• Biological pest/disease control