Biochips

Overview
What

is a Biochip? Components of Biochip In what way they work? Advantages of Biochips. Disadvantages of Biochips. Future of Biochips.

Introduction
Biochips

invented 9 years ago by gene scientist Stephen Fodor. Collection of miniaturized test sites of living entities (microarrays) arranged on a solid substrate that permits many tests to be performed at the same time in order to achieve higher throughput, speed, accuracy and smaller size.

In Brief
Bio

+ Chip = Biochip

Bio:

stands for any biological entity eg: protein, DNA Chip: a computer chip Biochip: a mate between biological entity and a computers.

Types of Biochips
Biochips
Function Position

Energy supplier

implantable external
Interaction capture Passive Active

Lab-on-chips

Components Of Biochip
The

implantable biochip Passive Biochip: No Batteries Composed of

Microchip Antenna

coil Tuning capacitor Glass Capsule

Components Of Biochip
Computer

number

Chip: Stores the unique ID

Components Of Biochip
Tuning

Capacitor: Charged by the small (1/1000 of Watt) signal sent by the reader

Components Of Biochip
Antenna

Coil: Primitive Radio antenna to receive and send signals

Components Of Biochip
Glass

Capsule: Made of biocompatible material such as soda lime glass, hermetically (air-tight) sealed, covered with Polypropylene polymer

In What Way They Work?

Transmits

a small signal Charges the tuning capacitor ID number transmitted by the transponder This number is then compared with a database listing of registered pets.

Implant
Injected

the skin Usually behind the neck in cats and dogs

by a Hypodermic syringe beneath

Advantages Of Biochips

TO RESCUE THE SICK. TO FIND LOST PEOPLE. TO IDENTIFY PERSON UNIQUELY. IN MONITORING HEALTH CONDITION OF INDIVIDUALS IN WHICH THEY ARE SPECIFICALLY EMPLOYED. THEY CAN PERFORM THOUSANDS OF BIOLOGICAL REACTIONS ,OPERATIONS IN FEW SECONDS.

Disadvantages Of Biochips

THEY RAISE CRITICAL ISSUES OF PERSONAL PRIVACY. THEY MARK THE END OF HUMAN FREEDOM AND DIGNITY. THEY MAY NOT BE SUPPORTED BY LARGE % OF PEOPLE. THERE IS A DANGER OF TURNING EVERY MAN, WOMEN, AND CHILD INTO A CONTROLLED SLAVE. THEY CAN BE IMPLANTED INTO ONES BODY WITHOUT THEIR KNOWLEDGE.

Future Of Biochips

If people feel that they loose their privacy because of Biochips, they may resist use of it. But if they feel that it could help in a lot of ways like detecting , monitoring and curing of diseases they can use them intensively. So it is users of chip who determine its future .

Reference
Center of biological Microchips: http://www.biochip.ru/en Affymetrix: http://www.affymetrix.com/index.affx Agilent: http://www.chem.agilent.com/Scripts/PDS.asp?lPage= 51 http://www.av1611.org/666/biochip.html#Part3 http://www.biotechinsights.com/pages/biopr.html

Queriess ???

THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION