NOOR ZANARRIYAH BINTI MOHAMAD GANI D20091034827

http://www.metrohealth .org/body.cfm?id=1508

1) Heart Failure
8) Fainting & dizziness

2) Pulse may feel irregular or rapid

3) Fatigue (extremely)

SYMPTOMS 7) Shortness of breath 6) Swelling of legs and feet 4) Palpitations or fluttering in chest due to abnormal heart rhythms 5) Bulging neck veins

Notes: Symptoms of heart failure often develop gradually. Some chest pain may be associated with this disease.

WHAT IS DILATED CARDIOMYOPATHY (DCM)

Heart ability to pump blood is decreased because the left ventricle is enlarged, dilated and weak.

DCM is the most common type of nonischemic cardiomyopathy

NORMAL HEART

DILATED CARDIOMYOPATHY

Normal left ventricle

Dilated left ventricle

HOW DOES HEART RESPONDS

Chambers of heart respond by stretching

With time, the heart muscles walls weaken

Kidney often responds by retaining fluid (water and sodium)

(helps to strengthen the hearts contraction and keep the blood moving for a short while

Finally lead to congestive heart failure

Myocarditis

Alcoholism

Heart coronary disease

Some Infections

WHAT CAUSES DCM

Cocaine use Unknown cause @ idiophatic dilated cardiomyopathy

Obesity

Family or personal history of cardiac diseases ; myocarditis

Exams and Tests

ELETROCARDIO GRAM

ECHOCARDIOGR

CT SCAN

Other Exams and Tests

Blood test Chest X-ray Exercise stress test Cardiac catheterization

 Aimed at treating the cause of heart failure Once diagnosed

primary goal is to improve cardiac function and reduce symptoms

Treated with
Medications Lifestyle Changes Implantable Devices Surgery

Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy (CRT) ; Biventricular pacing

Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillators (ICD)

Explanation
Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy (CRT) ; Biventricular pacing

Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillators (ICD) Suggested for people at risk for life threatening ventricular death or sudden cardiac death Function : detects a very fast abnormal heart rhythm, it delivers energy (shock) to heart muscle to cause the heart to beat in a normal rhythm again

Use in advanced heart failure Pacemaker used improves survival , reduce symptoms & increase exercise capacity tolerance Slow heart rate : maintain an adequate heart rate

Both devices may be combined in a single unit, usually labeled CRT_D

Surgery
To treat valve disease This procedure requires the patient to meet strict criteria and have advanced, end-stage heart failure
Heart transplant or other heart failure surgical option

Summarization Of Article
This article tells about dilated cardiomyopathy which is the most common type of non-ischemic cardiomyopathy. It makes a comparison between left ventricle of a normal heart and dilated cardiomyopathy. Furthermore, it also explains in details, the symptoms, causes and ways to treat this dilated cardiomyopathy.