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  • PHYSICS XG: Eyes

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    Treeicicles
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    The document summarizes the key components of the human eye and how vision works. It discusses the cornea, pupil, iris, lens, ciliary muscle, retina, and optical nerves. It explains how light enters the eye and is focused on the retina. The lens, controlled by the ciliary muscle, allows the eye to focus on objects at varying distances. The document also covers common vision conditions like myopia, hypermetropia, and presbyopia and how lenses are used to correct them. Accommodation is the process that allows the eye to focus on objects at different distances by changing the lens thickness and optical power.

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    Created by Grade XG students, SMA IBC 2012-2013, topic about Eyes. Rate if you like.

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    The document summarizes the key components of the human eye and how vision works. It discusses the cornea, pupil, iris, lens, ciliary muscle, retina, and optical nerves. It explains how light enters the eye and is focused on the retina. The lens, controlled by the ciliary muscle, allows the eye to focus on objects at varying distances. The document also covers common vision conditions like myopia, hypermetropia, and presbyopia and how lenses are used to correct them. Accommodation is the process that allows the eye to focus on objects at different distances by changing the lens thickness and optical power.

    Drepturi de autor:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Descărcați ca PPTX, PDF, TXT sau citiți online pe Scribd
    Indicator pentru conținut neadecvat
    49 vizualizări24 pagini

    PHYSICS XG: Eyes

    Încărcat de

    Treeicicles
    The document summarizes the key components of the human eye and how vision works. It discusses the cornea, pupil, iris, lens, ciliary muscle, retina, and optical nerves. It explains how light enters the eye and is focused on the retina. The lens, controlled by the ciliary muscle, allows the eye to focus on objects at varying distances. The document also covers common vision conditions like myopia, hypermetropia, and presbyopia and how lenses are used to correct them. Accommodation is the process that allows the eye to focus on objects at different distances by changing the lens thickness and optical power.

    Drepturi de autor:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Descărcați ca PPTX, PDF, TXT sau citiți online pe Scribd
    Indicator pentru conținut neadecvat
    din 24

    Optical Instruments Eyes

    Cristarika Fredick Natasia Riky

    Introduction of Eyes
    Eyes are one of the optical instruments It contain convex lens can distinguish about 10 million colors consisting of various muscles, tissues, and nerve sensors

    The components of eyes (that are related to the vision process)


    Cornea Pupil Iris Lens Cilliary muscle Retina Optical nerves

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    How light enters


    Light enters the cornea. FLASH Its intensity is controlled by the iris. The light passes through the iris opening called the pupil, and is focused by the retina. Conducted by the optic nerve and tract to the back part of the brain.

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    CORNEA
    Protective and transparent layer (covers the iris and pupil) In human the refractive power of the cornea is approximately 43 dioptres In front of the eye

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    PUPIL
    The circular opening in the center of the pigmented iris of the eye Through which light passes to the retina Dim light = pupil gets bigger Bright light = pupil gets smaller

    BACK

    IRIS
    Give colors Manage the number of slices of light Controlling the size of the pupils and amount of light

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    LENS
    Held by cilliary muscle Can set the eyes thickness See objects at various distances

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    CILLIARY MUSCLE
    Controls accommodation for viewing objects at varying distances Regulates the flow of aqueous humour It changes the shape of the lens within the eye

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    RETINA
    Sensitive to light Image fall on it with the nature of image that real and inverted

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    OPTICAL NERVES
    Transmits visual information from the retina to the brain

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    CILLIARY MUSCLE IRIS

    RETINA

    CORNEA

    LENS

    PUPIL

    OPTICAL NERVES

    The eyes sickness


    Normal eyes Short sighted (myopia) Far sighted (hypermetropia) Presbyopia

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    Normal eyes
    Near point = 25cm Far point = infinity

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    Short-sightedness (Myopia)
    Distant objects appear blurred Far point < infinity Sample Equation Use concave lens to help

    FLASH

    Page 148 No.1) A far point for a person with shortsightedness is 1.2m. Calculate the optical power of lens!

    BACK

    Far-sightedness (Hypermetropia)
    Cannot see close objects clearly Near point > 25cm Sample Equation Use convex lens to help

    FLASH

    Page 149 No.1) A punctum proximum of a person with hypermetropia is 50 cm. He would like to read at distance of 20 cm. Calculate the optical power of lens that is used!

    BACK

    BACK

    Accommodation
    Accommodation is process of managing the
    thickness of lens or changing the optical power.

    The purpose of accommodation is to make

    objects at various distances can form an image


    on the retina.

    Back

    The range of optical power of eye accommodation


    The range of optical power of eye accommodation is the maximum change of power in accommodation. Or the range between the maximum accommodation and the minimum accommodation.
    Sample Equation

    The range of optical power of eye accommodation equation

    Example
    Suppose the distance from the lens of an eye to the retina is 3 cm. Find the range of optical power of eye accommodation!

    Thank You For Your Attention

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