Kinh te Moi trng

Bai giang 2
GII THIEU KINH TE MOI TRNG Chu e 2: Lien ket gia kinh te va moi trng

Handout 2

e cng e ngh:
A. Moi quan he gia he thong kinh te va moi trng thien

nhien

B. Kinh te moi trng va Kinh te tai nguyen thien nhien C. Mo hnh dong chu chuyen cua hoat ong kinh te

D. Mo hnh can bang vat chat: Moi quan he gia hoat ong

kinh te va moi trng thien nhien

E. Phat thai, chat lng moi trng xung quanh va thiet hai

F. Cac loai chat gay o nhiem

A. Moi quan he gia he thong kinh te va moi trng

Moi trng co 3 chc nang c ban:
o Cung cap nguyen lieu tho cho hoat ong kinh te

(san xuat va tieu dung)

(san xuat va tieu dung)

o Tiep nhan cac chat thai t hoat ong kinh te

o Cung cap cac tien nghi cuoc song cho con ngi

(canh quan, khong kh, )

A. Moi quan he gia he thong kinh te va moi trng

Ho gia nh Cac hang
Nguyen lieu tho

Chat thai Cac tien nghi cuoc song

MOI TRNG

Moi trng thien nhien

(a)

Nen kinh te

(b)

B. Phan biet Kinh te moi trng va Kinh te tai nguyen thien nhien

B. Phan biet Kinh te moi trng & Kinh te tai nguyen thien nhien
o

Moi lien ket (a): Nghien cu vai tro cung cap nguyen vat lieu tho cua moi trng thien nhien cho hoat ong kinh te c goi la Kinh te Tai nguyen Thien nhien (Natural Resource Economics) Moi lien ket (b): Nghien cu dong chu chuyen cac chat thai t hoat ong kinh te va cac tac ong cua chung len moi trng thien nhien c goi la Kinh te Moi trng (Environmental Economics)

B. Phan biet Kinh te moi trng & Kinh te tai nguyen thien nhien
o Tai nguyen thien nhien co the c chia thanh

hai nhom:

o Tai nguyen co the tai tao

o Tai nguyen khong the tai tao

o Mot ac trng quan trong ve tai nguyen thien

nhien la tnh phu thuoc vao thi gian.

C. Mo hnh dong chu chuyen cua hoat ong kinh te

D. Mo hnh can bang vat chat

D. Mo hnh can bang vat chat

o

Mo hnh can bang vat chat minh hoa moi quan he gia hoat ong kinh te va moi trng
o o

Dong cac tai nguyen t moi trng thien nhien i vao hoat ong kinh te: Kinh te Tai nguyen Thien nhien. Dong cac chat thai (Residuals):
o o

Cac chat thai: cac phe pham thai ra moi trng Kha nang hap thu: kha nang moi trng hap thu cac chat thai

Tai che va s dung lai: cac phng phap e tr hoan cac dong chat thai

D. Mo hnh can bang vat chat

o Mo hnh can bang vat chat minh hoa moi quan

he gia hoat ong kinh te va moi trng

o Khoa hoc va can bang vat chat:
o

nh luat nhiet ong lc hoc th nhat: vat chat va nang lng khong the t tao ra hoac khong the mat i. nh luat nhiet ong lc hoc th hai: kha nang chuyen oi vat chat va nang lng cua moi trng la co gii han.

D. Mo hnh can bang vat chat

Moi trng t nhien

Tai che (RrP) Nguyen lieu tho (M)

Ngi san xuat

San pham thai (RP)

Hang hoa

Thai ra moi trng d) (R p

(G)

Ngi tieu dung

San pham thai (R c)

Thai ra moi trng (R d c)

Tai che (RrC)

Moi trng t nhien

D. Mo hnh can bang vat chat

Giam G

Giam Rp

Tang (Rp+Rc)

Se giam M

E. S phat thai, Chat lng moi trng xung quanh, va Thiet hai
o Mot so thuat ng
o Chat lng moi trng xung quanh (Ambient quality): So lng chat

chat o nhiem trong moi trng.

o Chat lng moi trng (Environmental quality): Trang thai cua moi

trng t nhien (bao ham ca chat lng moi trng xung quanh, chat lng canh quan va chat lng tham my cua moi trng). dung.

o Chat thai (Residuals): Vat chat con lai sau khia san xuat va tieu
o Phat thai (Emissions): Phan cua chat thai san xuat hay tieu dung

thai vao moi trng.

E. S phat thai, Chat lng moi trng xung quanh, va Thiet hai
o Mot so thuat ng
o Tai che (Recycling): Mot chat, mot dang nang lng hay mot hanh

ong khi a vao moi trng t nhien se lam giam chat lng moi trng xung quanh.

o Xa thai (Effluent): oi khi thuat ng xa thai dung e noi en

nhng chat o nhiem nc, va phat thai e noi en cac chat gay o nhiem khong kh. Nhng hai thuat ng nay se c dung tng ng.

o O nhiem (Pollution)

o Thiet hai (Damages): Nhng anh hng tieu cc cua o nhiem moi

trng tac ong len con ngi va cac yeu to cua he sinh thai.

Source 1 Production

Source 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Source n Production Production

Residuals

Residuals

Residuals

Residual Handling (treatment, storage, recycling ...)

Residual Handling (treatment, storage, recycling ...)

Residual Handling (treatment, storage, recycling ...)

Emissions (time, type, location)

Emissions (time, type, location)

Emissions (time, type, location)

Land

Air

Water

Physical, chemical, hydrological, meterological processes

Ambient quality Land, Air, Water

Human and non-human exposures susceptabilities and values

Hnh 2.2

Human and ecosystem damages

E. Cac dang chat gay o nhiem

o Chat o nhiem tch tu va khong tch tu

o Chat o nhiem cuc bo, vung va toan cau

o Nguon o nhiem iem va nguon o nhiem phan

tan

o S phat thai gian oan va lien tuc