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qult = c Nc + 0.5 B N + o Nq
or
qult = c Nc + 0.5 B N + D Nq
Shape (s), depth (d), inclination (i) and base inclination (b) factors may be applied to all of the Nc, N and Nq terms in the equations above.
qult = cu 5.14 + D
and with shape, base inclination and load inclination .
qult = 5.14 cu sc dc ic + D
MSc Civil Engineering - Dr. Paul H. McMahon
Foundation Example
A 1.7m square foundation (B=1.7m, L=1.7m) is to carry a permanent load of 270kN and variable load of 70kN. It is to be supported on a 0.5m thick concrete base at a depth of 1m below ground level. Weight density of concrete conc is 25kN/m3, of soil k is 18kN/m3 and of water k water is 10kN/m3. Also k = 20 = 5kPa and cu k = 30kPa
NOTE: k represents characteristic values.
ck
sc = 1 + 0.2 ( B / L ) = 1.2
MSc Civil Engineering - Dr. Paul H. McMahon
Foundation Loading
qd = k (h1 + h2) = 18 (0.5 + 0.5) = 18kPa
Concrete
h1 h2
BS EN 1997 Terminology
For ACTIONS multiply by appropriate partial factor For STRENGTHS / RESISTANCES divide by appropriate DESIGN VALUE is CHARACTERISTIC VALUE divided by
BS EN 1997 ULTIMATE LIMIT STATE (ULS) METHOD DESIGN APPROACH 1 COMBINATION SET 1 (DA1 M1)
Check that Design Effects, Ed are less than Design Resistance, Rd (Effects include actions) Partial Factor for Permanent Actions (ie. on DEAD Loads) G = 1.35 (unfavourable condition) Partial Factor for Variable Actions (ie. on LIVE Loads) Q = 1.5 (unfavourable condition)
Now Ed
= G ( Gk + Gpad, k) + Q Qk
BS EN 1997 ULTIMATE LIMIT STATE (ULS) METHOD DESIGN APPROACH 1 COMBINATION SET 2 (DA1 M2)
Partial Factor for Permanent Actions G = 1.0 (unfavourable condition) Partial Factor for Variable Actions Q = 1.3 (unfavourable condition) NOW: Check if Ed < Rd
As before Ed = G ( Gk + Gpad, k) + Q Qk