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3. _ _ o _ _ _ _
4. _ _ _ _ _ e 5. _ _ t _ _ _ _ _
Elements :
Elements
Atomic Numbers
Fluorine
Chlorine
9
17
35 53 85
Phase Colour
Atomic Number
The atomic number can be fined from periodic table Example: Atomic number 17
Cl
Based on atomic number. Example : -F atomic number is 9 so that the electron configuration is 2:7 . This shows that F has 2 shells. -I atomic number is 53, the electron configuration is 2:8:18:18:7. This show that I has 5 shells. -the size of I atom is bigger than F Down the group the atomic radii or size is increase
Electronegativity
Is the power of outer electron attraction to the nucleus Decrease going down a group The large atomic number caused the large size So that the outer most shell is far from the nucleus. Then the electronegativity is lower
Density
All halogens has lower density But density of halogens is increase when going down the group
All halogens has lower melting and boiling point Because of the lower Van der Waals force between the molecule. But the melting and boiling point increase when going down the group. Parallel to the density of each elements.
Phase
The phase changes from gaseous to liquid to solid when going down the group Because the melting and boiling point is increase.
Colour
Pale yellow
Greenish yellow
Deep-red
Bluish black
Iodine
water
alkaline
metal
KNO
3
Hydrocholoric acid
2 cm3 water
Chemical properties: (a) Reaction with water All the halogens group can dissolve in water to yield acid compound with bleach properties.
X2 + H2O HX + HOX
Cl2 + H2O
Br2 + H2O I2 + H2 O
HCl + HClO
HBr + HBrO HI + HIO
Chemical properties
Bleach properties
(b) Reaction with iron All the Halogens group react with iron to yield ferum halide in reddish brown colour.
HALOGEN + FERUM FERUM HALIDE
2 Cl2 + 2 Fe 2 Br2 + 2 Fe
2 I2 + 2 Fe
(c) Reaction with natrium hidroxide Elements Group 17 react with natrium hidroxide to yield salt and water.
X2 + 2NaOH Cl2 + 2 NaOH Br2 + 2 NaOH NaCl + NaOX + H2O NaCl + NaOCl + H2 O NaBr + NaOBr + H2O NaI + NaOI + H2O
I2
+ 2 NaOH
Electron valence group 17 : All elements group 17 have 7 electron valence. When the chemical reaction occur, the atoms this group accept 1 electron to form anion halides. (F, Cl-, Br -, and I-). So that, all the elements have same chemical properties.
Example: Chlorine
Cl + e Cl -
. When down to periodic table: Size of atom will increase Electrons valence situated far from nucleus atom. So, The nucleus attraction force on to the electron in electron valence will decrease
F Cl Br I
LESS REACTIVE
Cl
Chlorine
LESS REACTIVE
Br
Bromine
I
Iodine
At
Astatine
PRECAUTIONS
Avoid breathing their vapors. Gloves and gogle should always be worn when handling this substances.
TAKE A BREAK.
2.) Which one will not happen when goes down the Group 17.
A. Decreasing in electronegative.
B. Increasing in molecule size.
C. Decreasing in reactivity
D. Decreasing in melting point.
3.) Which one at the statements below is true about chlorine and bromine elements.
A. They are group 17 members. C. They have 1 electron in outer shell.
SUMMARY
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