TSL 3105

WEEK 16 TESL 4

GABRIEL LANCE ANAK MALING MUHAMMAD FARID AKMAL BIN ADAM NOR AZIZI BIN ABD RAHMAN RICHARD RAO A/L SOORIANARAYANAN

Accuracy and Fluency: Giving each its place

 The ability to produce written and / or spoken language with ease Speak with a good but not necessarily perfect command of intonation, vocabulary and grammar Communicate ideas effectively Produce continuous speech without causing comprehension difficulties or a breakdown in communication
Longman Dictionary of Language Teaching and Applied Linguistics

Fluency

Accuracy
Ability to produce grammatically correct sentences May not include the ability to speak or write fluently.

Longman Dictionary of Language Teaching and Applied Linguistics

 Listening Speaking

Intensive vs. Extensive

Planned vs. Spontaneous

Listening
Intensive vs. Extensive like in reading Intensive listening:
Instructions

Extensive listening:
A movie A conversation

Speaking
Fluency: concerns the learners capacity to produce language in real time without undue pausing or hesitation. Accuracy: how well language is produced in relation to the rule system of the target language.
Peter Skehan, Second language acquisition research and task-based instruction, Challenge and Change in Language Teaching, J. Willis and D. Willis, ed. Heinemann, 1996. P. 22.

Task-based methods
Recommend fluency activities first

Then follow up with accuracy activities

Accuracy in Tasks
Whenever learners are involved in communication they are concerned with accuracy In spontaneous communication -- little time to reflect on the language they produce. If given time to prepare, there will be more accuracy
Dave Willis, Accuracy, fluency and conformity Challenge and Change in Language Teaching, J. Willis and D. Willis, ed. Heinemann, 1996. P. 50.

Fluency in Tasks
need opportunities to process language for communicative purposes as receivers and producers. should be unfettered by the perceived need to conform to teacher expectations in terms of the production of specific language forms.
Dave Willis, Accuracy, fluency and conformity Challenge and Change in Language Teaching, J. Willis and D. Willis, ed. Heinemann, 1996. P. 50

The Task Cycle: Task (Fluency)

Pairs or groups.
use any language they have to express themselves and say what they want to say. helps Ss formulate what they want to say, but doesnt correct errors in form

T walks around and monitors

Emphasis on spontaneous, exploratory talk and confidence building in small group.

Success helps Ss motivation.

The Task Cycle: Planning / Reporting (Accuracy) Planning

Ss draft and rehearse what they want to say or write. T helps advising Ss. Emphasis on clarity, organization and accuracy T asks some pairs to report briefly to whole class so everyone can compare findings--or begin a survey T chairs, comments on content, rephrases but gives no public correction

Reporting:

So, what to do in class

Listening
Encourage students to watch movies and listen to songs in English (fluency) as well as class practices (accuracy)

Speaking
Follow a task cycle

Thank you very much.