Dye bath lubricants

Crease prevention in wet processing

Definition
Dye bath lubricants or wet processing lubricants are products which reduce fibre-fibre friction and fibremetal friction. Most products act on the surface of the textile material (like motor-oil in an engine) Textile softeners give mostly a nice soft hand but are mostly not the best lubricating products Other products, like TANALYBE FF-type of polymer lubricants work differently, as also is clay. Here the friction of water is reduced drastically
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Options
Grease based products which lubricates the fabric itself and reduces friction of the fabric with the machine parts Polymer based products which have affinity to the fibre Polymers which work in the water-phase Clay

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Grease based products

The mechanism of these types is that they have affinity to the substrate and give a smoothening effect Reduction of fibre-to-fibre friction Reduction of fibre-to-metal friction

The efficiency of the crease mark inhibitor depend on the affinity for the textile fibre and on the lubrication effect of the oily, greasy substance

In some cases additional benefits can be offered

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Types of Grease
There are a number of substances used as a Dye Bath Lubricant Paraffin oils Fatty acid esters (synthetic) non-ionic + anionic Ethoxylated fatty acid Fatty acids esters (natural) Fatty acids esters (modified natural) Phospholipids (Lecithin)

The emulsifier system also has an influence on the performance

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Fatty crease mark inhibiters

Stable emulsion
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Instable emulsion

Spreading oil

Paraffin oils
No products in this area from Bayer

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Fatty acids esters (synthetic)

LUBIT CME Especially for Synthetic fabrics, e.g. light weight and delicate PES on jet Polyacrylic fabrics on overflow and star (estrella) dyeing machine Non-ionic and low foaming

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Fatty acids esters (synthetic)

TANALUBE RF Anionic modified lubricant for Wool, Silk, Acetate, Triacetate and Cellulosic fibres extremely good crease mark inhibitor for delicate articles has also wetting, scouring and emulsifying properties has levelling properties for anionic and disperse dyes prevents channelling and air pockets (Beam, Jig) repair of wrinkles! on cellulosic fabrics by padding 20-30 g/l TANALUBE RF before going on the stenter
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Fatty acids esters (natural)

PERSOFTAL LU Non-ionic universal crease mark inhibitor as an alternative to the anionic PERSOFTAL L Can be used on all fibres, also with cationic dyestuffs Remark: With the additional range of products it looses its importance

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Fatty acids esters (natural derived)

LUBIT CO Non-ionic lubricant especially suitable for cellulose articles delicate cotton knits delicate viscose, modal viscose, polynosic fibres, (performs better than polymer products) Similar to PERSOFTAL L (see slide PERSOFTAL L) (Conc.-version for local dilution is available now) We assume that LUBIT CO has a more pronounced affinity for cellulose fibres than PERSOFTAL L

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Fatty acids esters (modified natural)

PERSOFTAL L Anionic modified natural based lubricant which is self-emulsifying Less susceptible for external influences like temperature and salt additions very good performance on cotton, Polyester/cotton blends and 100 % Polyester Can locally be formulated from Precursor Remark: PERSOFTAL L IS VERY WELL ESTABLISHED ALL OVER THE WORLD > TOP SELLING ITEM
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Phospholipids (Lecithin)
LUBIT RL, LUBIT LC, TANEDE FSM (new) Excellent lubricants for synthetic fibres and their blends LUBIT RL will be replaced by TANEDE FSM and recommended for 100% PES and blends with cellulose LUBIT LC is predestined for PES/wool Excellent penetrating effect of the goods (creeping oil effect) Excellent emulsifiers for grease and oil LUBIT RL (TANEDE FSM) have also very good levelling effect for disperse dyes Can avoid moir-effect on 100% PES (Jet and Beam)

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Polymer based (fibre affinity)

LUBIT PRT This is a hydrophilic polymer which has affinity to the polyester fibres It has a big smoothening effect and reduces greatly fibre-to-fibre friction Non-ionic and non-foaming Multiple purpose product (see next slide) Remarks
For some very delicate warp-knits the friction becomes so low that so-called plug marks can be formed. To high quantities in yarn application makes the yarn too slippery
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Polymer based (fibre affinity)

LUBIT PRT It removes residual oils from the fabric It removes residual sizes from the fabric Excellent cleaning effect for machines (Machines show much less deposits of grease, oils and dyestuffs)

Excellent washing assistant in scouring and desizing operations especially for PES, but also PA (e.g. desizing operations on air bag fabrics) See next slide

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LUBIT PRT how washing works

Fat Polyester

LUBIT PRT

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TANALUBE FF (polymer)
Reduces the friction of water with textile fabric Reduces the friction of water with steel/machine Does not soften the fabric itself, internal friction in the goods remains!

can be widely used in textile processing also in garments A rather high turbulence is required to unfold its property Dont forget: sometimes higher quantities are required then normally recommended
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Polymer based (water affinity)

TANALUBE FF Very long polymer with some anionic groups, which stretches in water especially in a flowing water stream (molecular weight > 1.000.000) Is nowadays widely used because of low price. Its efficiency is very good if you use the right amounts. This can be up to 8 ml/l for difficult articles (for warp knits which are not heat-setted and tend to shrink very much during the dyeing operation) In low amounts the effects are sometimes limited! For sensitive articles (e.g. Viscose) it is often better to use LUBIT CO or PERSOFTAL L (wet stiffness of viscose) Does however work well on Lyocell fibres (2-4 ml/l)
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TANALUBE FF (polymer)
-

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Water layer

TANALUBE FF (polymer)
Reduces the
friction of water. Polymers applied in the water used by firemen give up to

30% more water

through the tube

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Polymer based (water affinity)

NOFELT WA Very long non-ionic polymer with, which stretches in water especially in a flowing water stream (molecular weight: several million) Especially for wet processing of woollen fabric to prevent felting of the wool. For washing and dyeing operations Recommended by the IWS and the well know wool institutes of Leeds and Aachen

Remark: Should not be used in dyeing PES/Wool as precipitations with disperse dyes can occur
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Clay chemistry TANNEX GEO

TANNEX GEO In all processes in which TANNEX GEO is used a dye bath lubricant is nor required. The hydrated clay particles are very slippery and will provide a low friction of the textile goods. Low fibre-to-fibre and lo fibre-to metal friction.. TANNEX GEO also softens internally. For exceptional cases of stiff and dense fabric it might be useful to use an additional lubricant

In that case use either LUBIT CO or PERSOFTAL L. DO NOT USE POLYMERS!!! (TANALUBE FF types)
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Choice????
Agreed: we have quite some products for this application Try to get familiar with them Especially those products which have more functions than only lubrication of the goods during wet processing Stiff fabrics require also internal lubrication!!!

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